Girolamo Tartarotti

Girolamo Tartarotti

Girolamo Tartarotti (* January 2, 1706 in Rovereto ; † May 16, 1761 ibid) was an Austrian theologian and historian .

Life

Girolamo Tartarotti's father was the lawyer Francesco Antonio Tartarotti and his mother Olimpia Camilla Volani (marriage 1704). Girolamo attended high school in Rovereto. In Padua he studied from the age of 19 philosophy and theology in Rome logic and was subsequently a manual of logic out. Tartarotti returned to Rovereto and founded a literary association Dodonaeum there . Four years later he came to Verona , then the meeting point for scholars, for example the historian Scipione Maffei (1675–1755) stayed here. Tartarotti published a treatise on poetry in Tuscany. From Innsbruck he received an invitation from Baron Carlo Ceschi de Santa Croce to become his son's tutor, but he stayed only a short time.

In 1738 he was secretary to Cardinal Domenico Silvio Passionei (1682–1761) in Rome , an art lover and patron. Tartarotti published a critical treatise against a work on the eloquence of the Italians by Prelate Giusto Fontanini (1666–1736), which was not to the cardinal's taste: Tartarotti had to leave Rome again. From Rome he came to Venice to the learned procurator of San Marco, Marco Foscarini (later Doge), and with him to Turin . After Tartarotti's critical work, the relationship broke up, he returned to Rovereto and stayed there until the end of his life. At the age of 25 he took the tonsure and was not ordained a priest .

Abate Tartarotti condemned the persecution of witches in the pamphlet Del congresso notturno delle lamie (Rovereto 1749) and caused a sensation throughout Europe. The Jesuit Friedrich Spee von Langenfeld (1591–1635) had already issued a warning letter Cautio criminalis (Trier, 1631) against the witch trials. However, Tartarotti did not condemn sorcery, so his study was contradicted by Scipione Maffei. At this discussion, the friendship of the two scholars broke up, which led to the fact that Tartarotti stayed away from the Accademia degli Agiati , in which Maffei was one of the first members, even though Tartarotti, with the literary groups he had previously run, were the actual ones when the academy was founded Had laid the foundations.

House where he died in Via della Terra in Rovereto

Due to his uncompromising character, Tartarotti surprised with further unpleasant historical research results. He proved that the diocese of Trento was not made up of students of St. Mark (Evangelist) - Hermagoras (Saint) and Jovin - could have been erected. St. Kassian was due to the ancient source of Prudentius as the founder of the diocese of Säben . In his story about the Archdiocese of Trento , Tartarotti dealt with St. Kassian and, together with the Jesuits ( Bollandists ), considered him to be a martyr , but not the founder of the diocese. The clergy of Brixen was snubbed and instructed Anton Roschmann, who was born in Hall (the first librarian of the University and Regional Library of Tyrol, founded in 1745 ) with a reply. Roschmann collected data that were used for St. Kassian spoke. Tartarotti again defended his research. He found that the diocese of Säben-Brixen had its origins in the 6th century. Tartarotti had the list of bishops with St. Ingenuin and proved that he belonged to the schismatic bishops of the three-chapter dispute . Ingenuin is historically documented several times around 590 and has been venerated as a saint, martyr and patron of the Diocese of Säben-Brixen since the 10th century. He had acted in good faith despite the aberrations. The Franciscan Benedetto Bonelli tried a middle way between Tartarotti and Roschmann, Roschmann referred to the actually responsible church historians, repeated his view and got out of the discussion. The other two (Tartarotti and Bonelli) argued further: Tartarotti's writings on church history were publicly burned in Trento in 1760. The dispute ended with the death of Tartarotti, the questions about the history of the Säben diocese remained open, the unpleasant historical truth was then resolved by Francesco Lanzoni : The establishment of the bishopric in Säben by the martyred St. Kassian is no longer credible today.

Tartarotti caused renewed excitement with a writing, namely he supplemented and improved the geographical representation of Italy in the Middle Ages by P. Boretti . His book about the bishop of Trent Adelpret II († 1177), who was venerated as a martyr but not a supporter of the rightful Pope Alexander III, caused even greater unrest . (1159–1181), but an antipope . In another letter he corrected the historian Francesco Scipione Maffei with the opinion that the writings of Paul the Deacon were not lost, but preserved. Numerous pamphlets against Tartarotti appeared, against which he replied with the Apologia delle memorie antiche di Rovereto . After Tartarotti's death, his opponents attacked him all the more, and he was denied a church burial for the time being. In the end he found his final resting place in the Archparish Church of San Marco .

A new generation then learned to appreciate Tartarotti's writings and his character, he had courageously expressed his uncomfortable opinions. A monument was erected in Rovereto and there is an inscription in the Church of San Marco. Bartolomeo Giuseppe Stoffella dalla Croce had the incomplete script Illustrazione dei monumento eretto dalla citta di Trento al suo padrone Cajo Valerio Mariano published from the estate of Tartarotti . The autograph collection of the Tyrolean State Museum Ferdinandeum owns a letter from Tartarotti dated April 14, 1744. On the facade of the Tyrolean State Museum Ferdinandeum is a bust of Girolamo Tartarotti.

Jakob Tartarotti (1708–1737), Girolamo's brother, graduated from high school, studied philosophy and civil law with a private tutor in his home, and became a notary in Rovereto. Due to his untimely death, he could not complete his treatment of the life descriptions of learned Tyroleans . This description was partly printed in Rovereto in 1733.

Works

• Illustrazione del monumento eretto dalla citta di Trento al suo patrono Cajo Valerio Mariano , Rovereto 1824
• De Ragionamento intorno alla poesia lirica toscana , Rovereto 1728
• Idea della logica degli scolastici e de 'moderni , Rovereto 1731
• Hieronymi Tartarotti, De origine Ecclesiae Tridentinae et primis eius Episcopis dissertatio , Venetiae 1743 ( online at ALO )
• Memorie istoriche intorno alla vita e morte de 'santi Sisinio, Martirio ed Alessandro , Verona 1745
• De versione Rufiniana Historiae ecclesiasticae Eusebii Caesariensis dissertatio, in qua Valesianae interpretationis dignitas et praestantia vindicatur , Tridenti 1748
• Del congresso notturno delle lammie libri tre , Rovereto 1749
• Hieronymi Tartarotti Roboretani de Episcopatu Sabionensi S. Cassiani martyris, deque S. Ingenuini ejusdem urbis episcopi actis, ad Antonium Roschmannum JUL et Oenipontanae bibliothecae custodem epistola , Venetiae 1750
• De Episcopatu Sabionensis S. Cassiani Martyris deque S. Ingenuini eiusdem Urbis Episcopi Actis Hieronymi Tartarotti Roboretani ad Antonium Roschmannum epistolae disquisitio, Authore eodem Antonio Roschmanno… , Ulm 1751
• Lettera al sign. Clementc Baroni di Cavalcolosopra il trattato dellegloghe di M.di Föntanelle , Venezia 1752
• Lettera di un giornalista d'Italia ad un giornalista oltramontano sopra il libro intitol Memorie antiche di Rovereto e dei luoghi circonvicini , Venezia 1754
• Apologia delle Memorie antiche di Rovereto , Lucca 1758
• Dell 'origine della Chiesa di Aquileia , Milano 1759
• Lettera seconda di un giornalista d'Italia ad un giornalista oltramontano sopra il libro intitolato: Note istorico-critiche intorno al bm Adalpreto Vescovo di Trento , Lucca 1760
• Girolamo Tartarotti, Notie istorico-critiche intorrno al… Adelpreto Vescovo di Trento , Lucca 1766.
• Rime scelte , Rovereto 1785

literature

• Constantino Lorenzi, De vita Hieronymi Tartarotti, Rovereto 1805
• Hormayr's Tiroler Almanach for 1805, Nekrolog, Vienna 1805, pp. 164–169
• About achievements in the field of antiquity research in Tyrol, born 1851, session reports of the philosophical-historical class of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, pp. 1–13, pp. 6f. (FB 2593)
• Tyrolean documents. CXCV. Piece. 35 (FB 1142)
• Constant von Wurzbach, Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich, Vol. 43, Vienna 1881, pp. 98-101 ( online at ALO )
• Franz Heinrich Reusch:  Tartarotti, Hieronymus . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 37, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1894, pp. 402-404.
• Vinzenz Gasser, 1. Biographical literary writer lexicon of Tyrol, vol. 4, pp. 61–66 (manuscript), library Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Innsbruck, W 5525
• Ettore Zucchelli, I funerali di Girolamo Tartarotti, Rovereto 1911
• Ettore Zucchelli (ed.), Ruele, Mariano, letters. Le lettere di Mariano Ruele a Girolamo Tartarotti, 1911–1912
• Francesco Lanzoni, Le origini delle diocesi antiche d'Italia, Rome 1923
• Gottfried Tartarotti, In the fight against the witch madness. Girolamo (Hieronymus) Tartarotti-Serbati. His life and work in short biography, in: Tiroler Heimat, Vol. 50, pp. 127–147, Innsbruck 1986
• Lexicon for Theology and Church, Vol. 5, 1996, Col. 493
• Convegno Girolamo Tartarotti (1706–1761) un intellettuale Roveretano nella cultura Europea dei settecento. Atti della Accademia Roveretana degli Agiati, sero VII, vol. VI, A, Rovereto 1997
• Josef Nössing, The Beginnings of Modern Tyrolean Historiography or the Problem with Historical Truth. On the current state of Tyrolean historiography, in: Der Schlern, vol. 71, 1997, pp. 363–371
• Marcello Bonazza, L'Accademia roveretana degli Agiati. Accademia Roveretana degli Agiati, Rovereto 1998 ( PDF )
• Josef Riedmann, History of Tyrol, Vienna 1998, p. 24
• Josef Gelmi, The History of the Church in Tyrol, Innsbruck 2001, p. 23.
• Franz Daxecker, The Tyrolean Historian Girolamo Tartarotti, in: Tiroler Heimatblätter, 2002, pp. 70–72
• Rinaldo Filosi, I manoscritti della biblioteca di Girolamo Tartarotti, Trento 2008
• Leonardo Franchini, Adversum malleum maleficarum, Rovereto 2008

Web links

• Publications by Girolamo Tartarotti in the Opac des Servizio Bibliotecario Nazionale

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Marcello Bonazza: L'Accademia roveretana degli Agiati p. 8
2. ↑ Renato Trinco: San Marco in Rovereto. La chiesa arcipretale tra storia, arte e devozione . La Grafica, Mori 2007 ISBN 88-86757-60-3 pp. 73-74