Gisonens
The Gisonen were an influential count family in the north of Hesse in the 11th and 12th centuries . The center of their domain was initially in the Marburg area and later southwest of Kassel near Maden .
history
The origin of the sex is unknown; it may have been in the Oberlahngau (around Marburg ), but they could also have come from the northern Hessian area to the Oberlahngau. At first they were probably only official or titular counts without extensive family property and thus without an allodial county, but with close ties to the Salian royal family. They were imperial bailiffs of the canonical monastery Wetter in Wetter (Hesse), founded around 1015 by Emperor Heinrich II and his wife Kunigunde , and as such were enfeoffed with royal goods in the Marburg area. Their ancestral seat was Hollende Castle in weather; they are therefore occasionally referred to as Counts von Hollende or von Hohenlinden. In the course of time they acquired considerable property and bailiwick rights in Central Hesse, on the upper Lahn and Eder and as far as the Westerwald including the Herborner Mark, and they knew how to take on a count-like position by gradually removing the rights of others in their area. Their bailiwick holdings were very valuable and gave them a prominent position. The extensive area of their jurisdiction was often referred to as the county "Stiffe" or "Stift" because of the connection to the Bailiwick of the Wetter Monastery. The possession of the Gisonen was the basis of what would later become the " Upper Hesse " part of the Landgraviate of Hesse .
Known members of the sex
Known members of the sex were:
- Giso I. is attested as a count in 1008. He resided at Hollende Castle, west of Wetter near Warzenbach, which became the family seat of the family, but which was probably built earlier. He and his successors were imperial bailiffs of the royal canonical monastery Wetter, founded around 1015, and held extensive royal estates in the Marburg area as a fief. Whether he is the progenitor of the sex is controversial. It is possible that he belonged to a completely different sex, especially since it is assumed that the Gisonens did not own any county at all and that their title was only due to their political influence. He was probably also, at least for a short time, Gaugraf in Hesse with his seat on the Obernburg in Gudensberg near Fritzlar .
- Giso II. († 1073), count in Hesse. Probably not a son, but a descendant of Giso I. He and Count Adalbert von Schauenburg were accused of plotting against the Bavarian Duke Otto von Northeim in 1070 , and were slain by Otto's followers in 1073.
- Giso III. , Count in Hesse. Son or brother of Giso II.
- Giso IV. (* Around 1070; † March 12, 1122), Count in Hesse or Count von Gudensberg , mentioned in a document in 1121 as "Giso comes de Udenesberc". Vogt of the Hersfeld Monastery , Vogt of the St. Florin Monastery in Koblenz . ∞ Kunigunde von Bilstein , Countess von Gudensberg († 1138/40); Regent until her son Giso V.
- Giso V. (* around 1110; † 1137), Count of Gudensberg and Hesse, Vogt of the Hasungen Monastery (near Burghasungen ).
- Hedwig von Gudensberg , by marriage Landgravine of Thuringia (* around 1098, † 1148), daughter and heiress of Giso IV. ∞ Ludwig I of Thuringia .
- Lady Chuniza , who in 1072, together with her son Tiemo, sold the land for the construction of the Grafschaft monastery to the Archbishop of Cologne in Anno II, probably also belonged to the Gison family.
die out
In 1121 Giso IV inherited the North Hessian Count Werner IV von Gudensberg, who had died childless, and thus acquired extensive property and bailiwick rights in the Kassel- Fritzlar- Melsungen area . But as early as 1137 the male line died out with Giso V., and the county came to Landgrave Ludwig I of Thuringia with his heir Gisos IV, Hedwig .
After the death of the last Ludowinger , Heinrich Raspe , it came to the Thuringian-Hessian War of Succession in 1247 , which ended with the proclamation of Heinrich I , the "Child of Brabant", son of Sophie von Brabant and grandson of St. Elisabeth of Thuringia Landgrave broke out on the Mader Heide near Gudensberg.
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ Johann Ernst Christian Schmidt: History of the Grand Duchy of Hesse , first volume, Heyer, Gießen, 1818 (pp. 250-252)
Web links
- Genealogy Middle Ages: Gisonen
- Historical Society Weather: Counts of the Gisonen family
- Giso VI.
- Counts of the Gisonen and Hollende Castle near Treisbach (PDF file; 97 kB)
literature
- Christa Meiborg: The Hollende in weather (Hessen) - Warzenbach: Leaflet to the castle of Count Giso in the Marburg-Biedenkopf district. (Archaeological Monuments in Hessen, No. 157) State Office for Monument Preservation, Wiesbaden, 2003, ISBN 3-89822-157-1