Pen weather

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The Wetter monastery is a former canonical monastery and is located, overlooking the Wetschaft valley , elevated on today's Klosterberg in the center of the small Hessian town of Wetter in the Marburg-Biedenkopf district .

The Collegiate Church to Wetter from the north-east

It was founded according to a local tradition and supported by archaeological evidence probably at the beginning of the 11th century. For a long time the monastery was a point of conflict between the Archdiocese of Mainz and the Landgraves of Hesse . In the 15th century the landgraves prevailed. Because of the poor tradition, the inner history of the pen can only be traced fragmentarily. After the Reformation after 1526/27 the monastery was abolished. A school had been associated with the monastery since the Middle Ages , and it continued to exist after the Reformation. The former monastery grounds also included a house for the priests, the so-called Vierherrenhof , an early mass church and residential and farm buildings for the canons. The early Gothic church of the former monastery now serves as the Lutheran parish church of the Wetter parish with the villages of Wetter, Niederwetter and Todenhausen .

history

Maria with the two pleading donors Almudis and Digmudis, painting on the north wall of the choir

State of research

It is not easy to come to terms with the history of the monastery from its beginnings to the Reformation . On the one hand, the already sparse literature is mostly out of date; on the other hand, the sources are inadequate. A monastery-specific documentary tradition can only be found in fragments from the 13th century. The state of research was described in the journal for Hessian history and regional studies in 2002 as follows: “There is no comprehensive presentation of the medieval history of Wetter that meets modern standards.” Since then, there has been no significant progress in research into the monastery.

founding

The exact date of the foundation of the monastery can no longer be determined. A local tradition, which can only be understood in this form at the end of the 16th century, says that the Wetter Abbey was founded in 1015 by two Scottish sisters of the royal family, Almudis and Digmudis. Since the names of these two alleged founders can be found on the so-called founding stone from the 13th century in the collegiate church, this legend seems to have at least a true core, even if there is no dating and the inscription does not make any assignment to the Scottish royal family .

When warm air heating was to be installed at the end of the 1950s, a Romanesque crypt below the sacristy and other remains of the wall of a previous Romanesque building were found . The historical building evidence suggests that it was built between 1000 and 1050. In 1983, during further excavations, a Romanesque column was found in the backfilling of the foundation wall of a former house in the churchyard, which can also be dated to the middle of the 11th century. As early as 1859, a Worms pfennig from the reign of Emperor Heinrich II was found during restoration work on the transept . All these indications suggest that the foundation of the monastery is likely to be set in the early 11th century.

First mention, rule over the city of Wetter

The earliest mention of the monastery goes back to a deed of donation from Archbishop Ruthard of Mainz to the Disibodenberg monastery from 1108, in which goods are listed that are iuxta Wetteram abbaciam ("near the Abbey of Wetter"). A Mannlehen directory , which dates from the beginning of the 13th century, names goods in the vicinity of Wetters (among others in Oberwetter, Oberrosphe , Unterrosphe , Niederwetter , Amönau ), further south-west a. a. in Michelbach , Siegemannshausen , Sarnau and Caldern , in the north via today's Waldeck-Frankenberg district (with Bockendorf and Selen ) to today's Kassel district (with Altendorf and Beldershausen ) and the Schwalm-Eder district (with Kirstenhausen ), in the east to the Amöneburg Basin ( Rosdorf ) and in the south to Fronhausen .

From 1223, city rights can be assumed for Wetter; the abbess of the monastery held rulership over this city until the 14th century.

Dispute between the Archdiocese of Mainz and the Landgraviate of Thuringia (1238 to 1263)

In 1238 the Counts of Battenberg sold half of their county of Stiffe , which also included the judicial district ( Zent ) Wetter, to Archbishop Siegfried III. from Mainz. At that time, however, the Ludowinger Landgrave Hermann II of Thuringia was already Vogt of the monastery, an office that the Gisonen probably originally held. The Landgrave strove to break the feudal relationship with the Archbishop of Mainz, to further expand his possessions in Hesse and to secure the connection between the Frankenberg Castle, which had recently been founded, and the Marburg area. In the same year he conquered the city and monastery Wetter.

When the male line of the Thuringian landgrave family died out with the death of Herrmann in 1241, the archbishop tried again to assert his claims. The result were long disputes with Sophie von Brabant , who in turn tried to gain control of the landgrave's possessions in Hesse for her son Heinrich, who was still underage . The construction of Mainz Castle Mellnau , which the Archbishop had built to protect the monastery , also fell during this period . The conflict was settled on September 10, 1263 in the Langsdorf Treaty between Landgrave Heinrich I of Hesse, the son of Sophies of Brabant, and Archbishop Werner of Mainz, a nephew of Siegfried III, who died in 1249. The Wetter monastery now had two masters, the archbishop and the landgrave. This fact can also be found symbolically in the current coat of arms of the city of Wetter .

Renewed fighting between Mainz and Hesse (1356 to 1427)

The peace lasted a long time, but neither party had given up their claims. In the years 1356/57 and 1360/61 there were armed conflicts between Mainz and Hesse, which particularly affected the fields of the monastery. In 1366 even Emperor Charles IV intervened as a mediator. When Landgrave Hermann II of Hesse became co-regent of his uncle Heinrich the Iron in Hesse in 1367 , a large part of the local knighthood, including the Lords of Hatzfeld, who were enfeoffed with the Mainz portion of the Stiftsvogtei, gathered under the banner of Count Gottfried VIII . von Ziegenhain and formed the so-called Sternerbund . They attacked Wetter from Mainz Castle Mellnau, but could not prevail against the mighty Landgrave House. After his decisive victory in the Mainz-Hessian War on December 8, 1427 in Frankfurt am Main , the son of Hermann II, Ludwig the Peacemaker , was finally granted patronage over the bailiwick of Wetter. Mainz had thus effectively lost all influence.

Reformation (from 1526/27), dissolution of the pen

The Reformation , which was introduced in Wetter after the Homberg Synod in 1526/27, brought about a major structural change for the city, the spiritual and economic center of which the monastery had previously represented. Originally it was planned to keep the pen and continue it in the Lutheran sense; the noble canonesses were either to stay in Wetter or to be relocated to the Kaufungen monastery of the same type , while the bourgeois canons were to be relocated to the Germerode monastery . Eventually, however, the monastery was dissolved and all its possessions were given to the Hessian knighthood to support the trousseau of their daughters. From then on, a bailiff administered the goods, which were gradually sold for this purpose. The patronage rights over Unterrosphe, Bellnhausen and Viermünden took Landgrave Philip per se; those about the church in Wetter were given to the city council. Wetter now owned a large church, but no longer the foundation assets that were intended to preserve it, which affected the maintenance of the building. In 1503 there were seven priests in the church service in Wetter. After the Reformation, only one pastoral position remained, as well as a deacon and the office of schoolmaster. The pastor's previous residence, the Vierherrenhof , was later used as a hospital . Two new parsonages were built on the monastery mountain for the clergy who remained in Wetter. The canonesses were compensated with money and in kind and returned to their families. The last abbess, Gertrude Döring, was assigned an apartment in Wetter. This ended the history of the Wetter Monastery as a spiritual institution.

Head of the pen, structure and external relations

The chairmanship of the pin chapter had the abbess . She ran the pen and carried out legal acts with her own seal. Until about 1355 she belonged to the high nobility , later to the lower country nobility. Subordinate to her was the provess , who was appointed by the abbess herself. She had to represent the abbess in all important matters and was entrusted by her with the economic administration of the monastery. In contrast to the rest of the canonies, the abbess and the provost took monastic vows. The sexton was in charge of the important liturgical implements and kept all the important keys of the pen and the seal.

The collegiate chapter was composed of the abbess, the provostess and all other fully accepted canonesses. In addition there was the so-called "college of four men", the clergy of the monastery. It was consulted on questions that affected the entire monastery, for example the filling of the parish offices, which were subject to the patronage right of the monastery, or questions regarding the property and goods of the monastery. This college of four men consisted of the presiding pleban , who also served as pastor in the city, and three other clergymen who were in the service of the monastery. While the pleban was used by the Archbishop of Mainz at the suggestion of the collegiate chapter, the rest were chosen by the chapter itself. Clerics of the monastery often took on additional offices in other parishes, presumably because of the poor pay. In 1470 two early messengers were named in the service of the monastery. In 1493 a benefit was added for another priest, who was jointly determined by the chapter of the colleges and the city council.

Towards the end of the 15th century, eight clerics were in the service of the monastery together with the rector of the monastery school. In particular, these were: the pleban Mengotus Schnell, the three prebendaries Heinrich Harthe from Halsdorf, Johann Eschenborn and Johann Menchin, the rector of the school Johannes Willn, the early Messner Hermann and Johannes Gottschalk and the beneficiary Ludwig Seifert. However, this chapter could hardly prevail against the will of the abbess or the overpowering bailiff, who was at least the landgrave himself at times. This became particularly clear in 1380, when Landgrave Hermann II appointed his own bailiff to take over the entire financial management of the monastery.

Collegiate Church from the north-east

The following abbesses have survived:

  • Almudis (11th century; according to legend, founder and first abbess, attested in inscriptions from the 13th century)
  • Digmudis (11th century; according to legend, sister and successor of the Almudis, attested in inscriptions from the 13th century)
  • Lutrudis (sealed on a document from 1235)
  • Elisabeth (sealed on a deed from 1259 and 1279)
  • Lucardis (sealed on a document from 1292)
  • Agnes, Countess of Wittgenstein (1317)
  • Schwanhild (mentioned in documents 1352 and 1357)
  • Hildegard von Elle (1366–1395 mentioned as provost in 1357)
  • Elisabeth von Dernbach (mentioned in a document in 1395)
  • Elisabeth von Dorfeld (mentioned in 1467)
  • Lisa Rode (named abbess in 1493, previously provost under Elisabeth von Dorfeld)
  • Anna Toley (named abbess in 1503)
  • Elisabeth von Brubeck († January 7, 1512, already mentioned as provess in 1493 , marked as abtia on her tombstone )
  • Gertrude Döring (1512–1528)

Collegiate school

As early as the 13th century, a library and a school (also Academiola Wetterana ) were part of the establishment of the Kanonissenstift . While the library is not mentioned in the sources and most of its holdings have not survived today, as many of the books were brought to Kassel, where they were burned in 1943 in the bombing raids, there are records of students and teachers of the Wetteraner Stiftsschule all over Europe . In a Mainz document dated August 12, 1266, a certain “Magister Conradus, Scholasticus eccles. called in Wethere “. This is the earliest, admittedly indirect, mention of the collegiate school. The Scholasticus (or Scholaster ) was the head of the collegiate school. In a document from the Caldern Monastery , dated November 22, 1323, Heinrich is named as the "Rector of the Weather Students". Johannes Willn from Wetter is documented as a scholaster from 1472. Students from Wetter appear in the matriculation books of the universities of Erfurt , Cologne and Strasbourg and of course Marburg , even at universities abroad, and the like. a. Paris , Geneva , Bologna and Rome . The city chronicler Johannes Jacob Plitt (1727–1773) names over 200 names of residents of Wetter who enrolled at universities in Germany and abroad after attending school in Wetter.

Initially only children of noble origin were taught. The daughters of noble families who joined the monastery community at the age of seven were to be enabled to integrate themselves meaningfully into the work of the monastery and to read theological writings. For the noble sons this training promised promising posts in the clergy. In the late Middle Ages, more and more citizens of the city of Wetter and the surrounding communities were accepted into the collegiate school. After the Reformation, the school retained its importance and was even able to increase it. The first rector of the newly founded “Latin School” was a Johannes Haw, who had been “Ludimagister” (rector) of the old collegiate school since 1514. His successor was Justus Vultejus , under whose rectorate the school achieved a high reputation. In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries this school produced a considerable number of distinguished students from all disciplines. Particularly noteworthy is the large number of theologians, who mainly occupied parish offices in Upper Hesse or were appointed to professorships for Lutheran theology.

Significant students include:

The most important teachers include Justus Vultejus (1555–1634), pedagogue, philologist and theologian, as well as Johannes Rauw († 1600), cosmographer and hymn composer ( Wetterer Gesangbuch ).

Collegiate church

Collegiate Church Weather Tower of the collegiate church
Collegiate Church Weather
Tower of the collegiate church
Interior of the Wetter Collegiate Church with a view of the central nave from the organ gallery towards the east

The early Gothic collegiate church under the patronage of Maria was probably built between 1240 and 1270. It is a three-aisled, compact hall church with five bays with transept and choir with one yoke. Structural models can be found in the Elisabeth Church in Marburg and the Haina monastery . A Romanesque portal on the south front and the masonry in the lower area of ​​the aisle outer walls suggest that part of the masonry of a Romanesque predecessor building from the 11th century was included. Traces of fire on the masonry of the Romanesque crypt, excavated in 1958–61, indicate that this building was destroyed by fire. Today's west tower was only built in 1506, until it was shortened in 1783 (probably due to a lightning strike) it was almost 100 m high, making it the highest church tower in Hesse. It was removed in 1869 and replaced in 1871 by a helmet with four corner turrets. Today's pointed helmet goes back to a design by the state curator Hans Feldtkeller and was built in the years 1957–58, the total height of the tower is around 62 m today. The findings of the roof structure (according to dendrochronological investigations: 13th century) above the central nave suggest that the church originally had a roof turret, as in Haina. The round bases of the pillars to the west could point to an originally planned different floor plan with two western towers. The interior painting of the church with the characteristic early Gothic ashlar , which bears a striking resemblance to that of the Haina monastery, was restored during the restoration of the church in 1961-64. Today it serves as a parish church for the Lutheran congregation in Wetter and bears the dedication “St. Mary of Heaven ”.

Furnishing

In addition to the restored wall paintings, the church's furnishings include a wall on the northern choir wall from the turn of the 15th and 16th centuries. Century painting of a Coronation of Mary. At the feet of Mary under a late Gothic canopy , who is holding the baby Jesus on her right arm, the two founders of the monastery, Almudis and Digmudis, kneel in the robes of Benedictine nuns . Below is a celebrant's chair , richly decorated with carvings, donated by the Wetter pastor Johannes Seilwinder in 1466 . On the same side at the height of the altar is the tabernacle , the decorations of which were removed in 1545 by the pastor Johannes Pincier , who was influenced by Zwingli . The similarity to the sacrament house of the Haina monastery suggests that it is about the same artist, Tyle von Frankenberg . The high altar in its current form dates from 1625, after it was destroyed in 1606 as part of Landgrave Moritz's reform movement . On the south wall of the choir there is a 1.80 m long wooden chest with five locks from 1530, the so-called "church box". There are also some gravestones and memorial stones from Wetter citizens and nobles in the interior of the church.

Reredos

Retable of the Collegiate Church Wetter

The one on the high altar standing, 2.40 m wide and 0.73 m high altarpiece is of particular value because it probably dated to the period around 1250 and thus is probably one of the oldest altarpiece on German soil. Due to its age, it can be assumed that it was already in the Romanesque predecessor church. Scenes of the Passion of Christ are depicted under seven plastic arches : the capture, interrogation by Pilate , flagellation, stations of the cross, crucifixion, deposition from the cross and burial. At the right edge the pleading donor of the picture kneels in a green undergarment and a long red overgarment, whose name is given as "Volpertus". The artist's name is unknown. The reredos is badly damaged in some places because it was used as a backrest for the church pews for a long time.

Baptismal font

Baptismal font of the collegiate church Wetter

The late Romanesque baptismal font is probably still a relic from the previous building and is now in the choir in front of the high altar. It has the shape of a cup of communion, which is supported by six simple columns with cuboid bases, each of which has a lion's head resting on its forelegs on the front. The columns are enclosed in the upper third by a three-dimensional frieze band running around the entire body with delimiting arches on the upper and lower sides and an outstanding volute ornament offset in two rows. The exact age of the baptismal font has not yet been clarified.

Founder stone

The founder stone is an unadorned stone slab, decorated with a carved cross and a surrounding inscription. It is probably the grave slab of a grave that was found during excavations in 1962, made of upright, mortared stone blocks. This grave was on the eastern edge of the crossing in the central nave. Until 1840 the founding stone was in the middle of the crossing, raised on small plinths, which suggests a connection between the grave and the slab. The stone itself is dated in literature to the 12th century, the inscription in Latin hexameters can be classified according to the typeface to the 13th century. Today it is in the south side of the transept, framed by four tombstones of respected Hessian families. The inscription, which was adopted almost identically on the mural of the Coronation of Mary, reads:

Inscription:
ALMUDIS MEA VITA BREVIS FUIT ASPICE QUIS SIS
HIC PRIOR INSTITUI TEMPLUM REDITUSQUE RELIQUI
HUIC EGO SUCCESSI DINCMUDIS NOMINE GESSI
CONVENTUS REGIMEN MULTIS PRAESTANDO JUVAMEN.

Almudis, my life was short. Look here, whoever you are,
I used to build a house of God here
and left some income [as a foundation]; I, Dincmudis, followed her.
I have been in charge of the Convention and have given many helpful assistance. 

Analogous translation of the inscription:

Founder stone
Organ of the Collegiate Church Wetter

organ

The previous organ was a Renaissance - positive , probably from 1590 to 1600 by Georg Wagner was built and transferred in 1620 to the weather. The "Althefer-Positiv" has largely been preserved in its original form, has six registers and is now in the University Museum in Marburg.

The current organ in the Wetter collegiate church dates back to 1766 and was built by Johann A. Heinemann from Laubach as a characteristic baroque organ. Two thirds of the original registers are still preserved. Between 1860 and 1862 a renovation took place. During renovations in 1949/1950 and 1965/1966, the console , action and five stops were replaced. From 1997 to 1999 Förster & Nicolaus Orgelbau brought the organ back to its original condition, reconstructed lost registers and added three pedal registers in the Heinemann design on a separate wind chest . Cornice and the carving were renewed according to old models. The disposition comprises 25 registers and is as follows:

I main work C – e 3
Quintathoena 16 ′
Principal 8th'
Gedact 8th'
Floet travers 8th'
Viola di gamba 8th'
Octava 4 ′
Gemshorn 4 ′
Gedact 4 ′
Great Oktava 2 ′
Forest fled 2 ′
Sesquialtera II 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
Mixture IV 2 ′
II Oberwerk C – e 3
Hollow flute 8th'
Kindly Gedact 8th'
Principal 4 ′
Floet douce 4 ′
Octava 2 ′
Mixture III 1'
Vox humana 8th'
Pedal C – c 1
Sub bass 16 ′
Octav bass 8th'
Violon bass 8th'
Great octave bass 4 ′
Trumpet 16 ′
Trumpet 8th'

Choir window

The medieval church already had colorful choir windows, at least that's what the colorful glass fragments found on the floor of the sacristy under meter-high rubble, which came to light during the renovations in 1962, suggest. Today's choir windows were made by Hans Gottfried von Stockhausen in his workshop in Stuttgart from 1962 to 1966 . As a subject he was given the verse "And the word was made flesh and dwelt among us, and we saw his glory, a glory as the only begotten Son of the Father, full of grace and truth" ( Jn 1:14  LUT ). The picture decorations on the medallions are deliberately kept small, based on the model of the Elisabeth Church in Marburg. Between two cherub windows , left and right of the altar, three windows show scenes from the Bible in their medallions. A picture from the Old Testament is always juxtaposed with one from the New Testament . The middle one shows an alpha and an omega in a three-pass , the medallions are wound with a tree of life. The two windows on the south wall of the choir show the themes “Church” and “Freedom”.

Bells

In the tower of the collegiate church there are five bells, which are arranged in the " Salve-Regina-chimes " (es 1 - g 1 - b 1 - c 2 ). The oldest bell dates from around 1200 and is therefore one of the oldest bells in Hesse. She weighs 76 kg and serves as a death knell for the community. According to the inscription, the main bell ("Domina") was cast by Joachim Koels van Warborg in 1575 and a crack was repaired in 1689. It was re-cast between 1909 and 1947 and weighs 1,310 kg. The wedding bell was made by Hans Berge from Eschwege in 1595 and weighs 760 kg. In 1958 two more bells were procured. One weighs 419 kg and is rung in memory of the war victims, the other with 299.5 kg for baptism.

swell

  • Albrecht Eckhardt (Ed.): The Upper Hessian monasteries. Regesta and documents , part 2 (= publications of the historical commission for Hesse and Waldeck; 9 = monastery archives. Regest and documents; 4). Marburg 1967.
  • Manfred Stimming, Mainz document book. Vol. 1: The documents up to the death of Archbishop Adalbert I (1137) , (Darmstadt 1932)
  • Sources on the Wetter monastery can be found in the Marburg State Archives HStAM Best. Urk. 87: Wetter, Stift
  • Sources about the city of Wetter can be found in the city archive Wetter wetter-hessen.de

literature

  • Hans Gottfried von Stockhausen: The collegiate church to weather and its glass paintings . Hirmer, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-7774-3875-7 .
  • Karl Heinrich Schäfer : To the older history of the monastery and city weather in Hessen . Euker, Marburg 1921.
  • Friedrich Döpping: The church in Wetter in Upper Hesse and its connection with the monastery and the aristocratic school there . Ed .: Goethe University Frankfurt. Elwert, Marburg 1860 ( online ).
  • Karl Wenckebach: On the history of the city, the monastery and the church in Wetter . 2nd Edition. Self-rel. d. Evang. Parish, Wetter (Hessen) 1987.
  • Karl Wenckebach: The collegiate church to weather . Self-rel. d. Evang. Parish, Wetter 1964.
  • Frank Hofmann (Ed.): The reredos of the collegiate church in weather . Verl. Evang. Medienverband, Kassel 2001, ISBN 3-89477-930-6 .
  • Hans Uffe Boerma: Inquired: 10 contributions to the history of weather . Weather 2009.
  • Annegret Wenz-Haubfleisch: The Kanonissenstift and its role in the city of Wetter from its beginnings to its transformation in 1532 . In: Find reports from Hesse (published by the State Office for Monument Preservation Hesse, Department of Archeology and Paleontology) 39/40, 1999/2000, Bonn 2005, pp. 251-254
  • Christa Meiborg: The Kanonissenstift in Wetter, district of Marburg-Biedenkopf. The excavations in the former monastery grounds on the Klosterberg. In: Find reports from Hesse (published by the State Office for Monument Preservation Hesse, Department of Archeology and Paleontology) 39/40, 1999/2000, Bonn 2005, pp. 73–248
  • Hans-Peter Lachmann: Investigations into the constitutional history of the Burgwald in the Middle Ages . In: Writings of the Hessian State Office for Historical Regional Studies 31, Marburg 1967
  • Ludwig Lotzenius: History of the Hessian offices Battenberg and weather. Arranged by Matthias Seim. Battenberg history association in conjunction with the Wetter history association, Battenberg 2013.

Web links

Commons : pen weather  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ↑ This was used as a city wine cellar as early as 1501. See: Karl Wenckebach: On the history of the city, the monastery and the church of Wetter . 2nd Edition. Self-rel. d. Evang. Parish, Wetter (Hessen) 1987, p. 63-67 .
  2. ↑ Remnants of one of these buildings (probably the dormitory ) can still be found at the staircase to the churchyard in the west of the site.
  3. ^ Homepage of the Wetter parish
  4. ↑ Christoph Fasbender u. a .: A fragment of the 'Little Emperor's Law' from the Wetter monastery. In: Journal for Hessian History and Regional Studies (ZHG) 107, 2002, pp. 71–82, here: note 2, Association for Hessian History and Regional Studies Kassel 1834 e. V. (PDF; 391 kB)
  5. ↑ First comprehensible in: Johannes Rau (Pastor of Wetter): Description of the world, ie a beautiful, correct and perfect cosmography of the whole periphery of the wide world . Frankfurt 1597.
  6. ↑ Christa Meiborg: The canonical pen in Wetter, district of Marburg-Biedenkopf. The excavations in the former monastery grounds on the Klosterberg. In: Find reports from Hesse (published by the State Office for Monument Preservation Hesse, Department of Archeology and Paleontology) 39/40, 1999/2000, Bonn 2005, pp. 73–248, here: p. 78.
  7. ↑ Hans-Peter Lachmann: Investigations into the constitutional history of the Burgwald in the Middle Ages . In: Writings of the Hessian State Office for Historical Regional Studies 31, Marburg 1967, p. 64
  8. ^ Manfred Stimming: Mainzer Urkundenbuch. Vol. 1: The documents up to the death of Archbishop Adalbert I (1137) . Darmstadt 1932. , No. 436
  9. ↑ K. Wenckebach mentions the year 1200, under Simtshausen there is the indication 1220 and on Arcinsys Hessen ( HStAM Best. Urk. 42 1 ) the year 1100 was indicated until recently (an inquiry to the Hessian State Archives revealed that it is a mistake is being made which will be corrected as soon as possible. The correct date is 1200/1220.)
  10. ↑ During further research I noticed that this could also be Frohnhausen , northwest of Wetter . This is likely because this place is much closer (just 11 km instead of 26 km) to weather; However, both would be possible.
  11. ↑ HStAM Best. Certificate 42
  12. ↑ Annegret Wenz-Haubfleisch: The Kanonissenstift and its role in the city of Wetter from its beginnings to its transformation in 1532 . In: Find reports from Hesse (published by the State Office for Monument Preservation Hesse, Department of Archeology and Paleontology) 39/40, 1999/2000, Bonn 2005, pp. 251–254, here: p. 252.
  13. ↑ Left the Hessian lion, right the Mainz wheel.
  14. ↑ Karl Wenckebach: On the history of the city, the monastery and the church to Wetter . 2nd Edition. Self-rel. d. Evang. Parish, Wetter (Hessen) 1987, p. 11-17 .
  15. ↑ Karl Wenckebach: On the history of the city, the monastery and the church to Wetter . 2nd Edition. Self-rel. d. Evang. Parish, Wetter (Hessen) 1987, p. 63-67 .
  16. ↑ For example Eckhardt von Hohenfels, who also took over the pastoral office in Amönau in 1329, and Dietmar Schütze, who held the pastoral office in Niederasphe in 1309. See Karl Wenckebach: On the history of the city, the monastery and the church of Wetter . 2nd Edition. Self-rel. d. Evang. Parish, Wetter (Hessen) 1987, p. 44 .
  17. ↑ Karl Wenckebach: On the history of the city, the monastery and the church to Wetter . 2nd Edition. Self-rel. d. Evang. Parish, Wetter (Hessen) 1987, p. 44-45 .
  18. ↑ a b Hermann II takes over the financial management of the Wetter monastery. Regesta of the Landgraves of Hesse (as of September 11, 2011). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on July 12, 2013 .
  19. ↑ a b See section "Founding Stone" and "History - Foundation".
  20. ↑ a b c Description of the seal and table with illustrations by Karl Wenckebach: On the history of the city, the monastery and the church of Wetter . 2nd Edition. Self-rel. d. Evang. Parish, Wetter (Hessen) 1987, p. 261-263 .
  21. ^ According to Karl Wenckebach: On the history of the city, the monastery and the church in Wetter . 2nd Edition. Self-rel. d. Evang. Parish, Wetter (Hessen) 1987, p. 40 .
  22. ↑ Regulations for the nuns of St. Marien by the Archbishop of Mainz. Regesta of the Landgraves of Hesse (as of September 12, 2011). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on July 11, 2013 . and wisdom about the right of the desert Elbrigshausen. Regesta of the Landgraves of Hesse (as of October 31, 2011). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on July 11, 2013 .
  23. ↑ Karl Wenckebach: On the history of the city, the monastery and the church to Wetter . 2nd Edition. Self-rel. d. Evang. Parish, Wetter (Hessen) 1987, p. 41 . , mentioned u. a. here: Stift Wetter undertakes to pay 8 marks annually. Regesta of the Landgraves of Hesse (as of September 12, 2011). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on July 11, 2013 . , Landgrave Hermann II. Receives the mills in Wetter from the Wetter monastery. Regesta of the Landgraves of Hesse (as of September 12, 2011). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on July 11, 2013 . , Landgrave Hermann II is arbitrator in the dispute within the Wetter monastery. Regesta of the Landgraves of Hesse (as of September 12, 2011). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on July 11, 2013 .
  24. ^ Obligation of the Wetter monastery to sell their mills only to the Landgrave. Regesta of the Landgraves of Hesse (as of September 12, 2011). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on July 11, 2013 .
  25. ^ Decision in the dispute between the monastery and the city of Wetter. Regesta of the Landgraves of Hesse (as of September 12, 2011). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on July 11, 2013 . , The Schroders couple received a field on the Lahn near Bellnhausen. Regesta of the Landgraves of Hesse (as of September 12, 2011). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on July 11, 2013 .
  26. ↑ a b Andres Herhenn receives the mill in Schönstadt as a fief from the Wetter monastery. Regesta of the Landgraves of Hesse (as of September 12, 2011). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on July 11, 2013 .
  27. ↑ Georgenberg Monastery receives half of the Hadebrandsdorf tithes. Regesta of the Landgraves of Hesse (as of September 12, 2011). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on July 11, 2013 .
  28. ↑ Gravestone in the south transept. Inscription: Anno Domini MCCCCCXII [1512], Feria Quarta post Epiphan. que fuit septima mensis Januarii obiit vnabil. [venerabilis] domina Elisabet Brubeckia abtia [abatissa] hj. [Huius] colleg. Translation: "In the year of the Lord 1512, on the Wednesday after Epiphany, which was the 7th day of January, the venerable mistress Elisabeth Brubeck, abbess of this monastery, died" (transcription and translation after: Karl Wenckebach: Zur Geschichte der Stadt, des Stiftes and the church of Wetter . 2nd edition. Self-published by the Protestant parish, Wetter (Hessen) 1987, p. 242 . )
  29. ↑ Karl Wenckebach: On the history of the city, the monastery and the church to Wetter . 2nd Edition. Self-rel. d. Evang. Parish, Wetter (Hessen) 1987, p. 63 .
  30. ↑ While researching the library of the Wetter Monastery, an article by Christoph Fasbender, Dietlinde Munzel and Dieter Oppitz appeared in the Journal for Hessian History and Regional Studies (ZHG). A final publication is still pending: Christoph Fasbender, u. a .: A fragment of the 'Little Emperor's Law' from the Wetter monastery . In: Journal for Hessian History and Regional Studies (ZHG) . tape 107/2002 . Kassel 2002, p. 71–82 ( Association for Hessian History and Regional Studies Kassel 1834 eV (PDF; 391 kB)).
  31. ↑ The books were, according to Karl Wenckebach: To the history of the city, the monastery and the church to weather . 2nd Edition. Self-rel. d. Evang. Parish, Wetter (Hessen) 1987, p. 52 . , not kept in its own building, but probably kept in the sacristy and choir of the collegiate church at least until the Reformation.
  32. ^ Order of the archbishop sexton of Mainz, to Magister Conradus, Scholasticus eccles. in Wethere, for the investigation and decision of a complaint by the Keppel monastery against several clerics and lay people who inflicted an injustice on the same. , In: Digitale Westfälische Urkunden-Database (DWUD), Landesarchiv NRW, Westphalia department, date: July 15, 2010, accessed on July 3, 2013.
  33. ↑ Both in: Karl Wenckebach: On the history of the city, the monastery and the church in Wetter . 2nd Edition. Self-rel. d. Evang. Parish, Wetter (Hessen) 1987, p. 51 .
  34. ↑ Karl Wenckebach: On the history of the city, the monastery and the church to Wetter . 2nd Edition. Self-rel. d. Evang. Kirchengemeinde, Wetter (Hessen) 1987. provides evidence for this statement in several sections, including a. Pp. 50-52 and pp. 69-85.
  35. ^ Karl Wenckebach: Pastor Johannes Rhau and his Wetterer hymn book . In: Erich Vellmer (Hrsg.): Contributions to the history of Protestant church music and hymnology in Kurhessen and Waldeck, Kassel 1969, pp. 9-27.
  36. ^ Karl Wenckebach: The collegiate church to weather . Self-rel. d. Evang. Parish, Wetter 1964, p. 5 .
  37. ↑ At baufachinformation.de is: “The small-format, roughly hewn ashlar masonry in the lower area of ​​the aisle outer walls, the continuous joint lines in the pietra-rasa style that were found in the course of investigations behind the medieval buttresses in front of the aisle, as well as an added wicket with a Romanesque tympanum in the front wall of the southern transept suggests that the hall church included the masonry of a Romanesque predecessor building possibly from the 11th century. ” Link
  38. ↑ Christa Meiborg: The canonical pen in Wetter, district of Marburg-Biedenkopf. The excavations in the former monastery grounds on the Klosterberg. In: Find reports from Hesse (published by the State Office for Monument Preservation Hesse, Department of Archeology and Paleontology) 39/40, 1999/2000, Bonn 2005, pp. 73–248, here: p. 78.
  39. ↑ Read up on baufachinformation.de Link
  40. ↑ The higher regional church is the Evangelical Church of Kurhessen-Waldeck
  41. ↑ More information on the subject from Frank Hofmann (ed.): The retable of the collegiate church in Wetter . Verl. Evang. Medienverband, Kassel 2001, ISBN 3-89477-930-6 .
  42. ↑ a b c Karl Wenckebach: On the history of the city, the monastery and the church in Wetter . 2nd Edition. Self-rel. d. Evang. Parish, Wetter (Hessen) 1987, p. 271 .
  43. ↑ Hans-Peter Lachmann: Investigations into the constitutional history of the Burgwald in the Middle Ages . In: Writings of the Hessian State Office for Historical Regional Studies 31, Marburg 1967, p. 61.
  44. ↑ Karl Wenckebach: On the history of the city, the monastery and the church to Wetter . 2nd Edition. Self-rel. d. Evang. Parish, Wetter (Hessen) 1987, p. 26 .
  45. ↑ “Prior” should be read more clearly: namely “as the first” (of the two women mentioned); especially since the second pair of verses with “successi” also emphasizes the sequence.
  46. ↑ Karl Wenckebach: On the history of the city, the monastery and the church to Wetter . 2nd Edition. Self-rel. d. Evang. Parish, Wetter (Hessen) 1987, p. 26-27 .
  47. ↑ On this in detail Gerhard Aumüller , u. a .: On the history of the Marburg castle organ ("Althefer Positiv") . In: Journal for Hessian History and Regional Studies (ZHG) 107, 2002, pp. 131–162, vhghessen.de (PDF); Pictures at FotoMarburg
  48. ↑ After Karl Wenckebach: On the history of the city, the monastery and the church of Wetter . 2nd Edition. Self-rel. d. Evang. Parish, Wetter (Hessen) 1987, p. 271 . it was built in 1620.
  49. ^ Karl Wenckebach: The collegiate church to weather . Self-rel. d. Evang. Parish, Wetter 1964, p. 7 .
  50. ↑ More information on this: Hans Gottfried von Stockhausen: The collegiate church to Wetter and its glass paintings . Hirmer, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-7774-3875-7 .
This version was added to the list of articles worth reading on August 10, 2013 .