Green-tailed gloss throats

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Green-tailed gloss throats
Green-tailed gloss throats

Green-tailed gloss throats

Systematics
Class : Birds (aves)
Order : Sailor birds (Apodiformes)
Family : Hummingbirds (Trochilidae)
Genre : Gloss throats ( Polytmus )
Type : Green-tailed gloss throats
Scientific name
Polytmus theresiae
( Da Silva Maia , 1843)

The green-tailed shin throat ( Polytmus theresiae ) is a species of bird from the hummingbird family (Trochilidae). The species has a large range that includes parts of the South American countries Brazil , Guyana , Venezuela , Colombia , Peru, and Bolivia . The IUCN assesses the population as Least Concern .

features

With a weight of 3 g, the green-tailed gloss throat reaches a body length of 9.9 cm, with wings making up 5.9 cm, the tail 3.2 cm and the back of the beak 1.95 cm. The top shines bronze-green, the underside grass-green. The upper side of the tail and the under tail-coverts shine gold-green. The central control springs are often adorned with blue tips. The underside of the tail is very shiny, emerald green. The wings are blackish purple. The upper bill is black, the lower bill flesh-colored with a dark tip. The feet are brown. The only difference between the females and the males is the white border on the feathers on the underside.

behavior

The green-tailed gloss throat is a loner. As trapliners, both sexes regularly fly to specific, scattered flowers in quick succession. They spend a lot of time chasing and picking up small insects.

Reproduction

The nests are approx. 42 mm high. The outer radius is approx. 37 mm, the inner radius approx. 32 mm. The eggs, which weigh about 0.54 to 0.58 g, are about 15 × 9.1 mm in size. The incubation period is 14 days, the young birds after hatching 28 days Nesthocker are. The breeding season is the period from November to March.

Vocalizations

Their call, which they usually call from the top of a bush, sounds like a slowing, descending series of thin nasal tones that sound like didididii, dii, deh, deh .

distribution and habitat

Distribution area of ​​the green-tailed gloss throat

In Peru, green-tailed gluttons can be found in the west of the Loreto region near Jeberos and the Santuario Nacional Pampas del Heath in the extreme southeast of the Madre de Dios region in open grassland with isolated scrub. The nominate form occurs in Brazil in the states of Pará , Amazonas , Roraima and Amapá , the subspecies in the northwest of the country. In Venezuela they occur at heights of up to 300 meters. Here they are found in the north-west of the state of Amazonas up to Mount Duida and the city of Río Negro . The sightings of the nominate form are only known from Isla Cocuica in Caño Macareo. The habitat here consists of bushy forest edges, sandy forest belts and dry savannas. Unlike the bronze-backed gloss throats , they don't seem to be attracted to water sources.

Subspecies

So far, 2 subspecies are known:

  • Polytmus theresiae theresiae ( Da Silva Maia , 1843) - The nominate form occurs in the Guyanas and in northern central Brazil.
  • Polytmus theresiae leucorrhous Sclater, PL & Salvin , 1867 - This subspecies occurs in eastern Colombia and southern Venezuela across northeastern Peru and northwestern Bolivia. In contrast to the nominate form, the under tail coverts are pure white.

Etymology and history of research

Emílio Joaquim da Silva Maia described the hummingbird under the name Ornismya theresiae . He had received the type specimen from the judge Rodrigo de Sousa da Silva Pontes. In 1760 Mathurin-Jacques Brisson introduced the genus Polytimus , to which he assigned the bronze-backed gloss throat ( Polytmus guainumbi ( Pallas , 1764)). "Polytmus" is derived from the Greek "polytimos πολυτιμος " for "very precious, valuable". This in turn is made up of "polys πολυς " for "a lot" and "timē τιμη " for "value, esteem". The species name is dedicated to Teresa Maria Cristina of Naples-Sicily . »Leucorrhous« is made up of »leukos λευκος « for »white« and »orrhos ορρος « for »rump, rump«.

literature

  • Rolf Grantsau : The hummingbirds of Brazil . A key for all hummingbird shapes in Brazil. Expressão e Cultura, Rio de Janeiro 1988, ISBN 85-208-0101-3 .
  • Thomas Scott Schulenberg, Douglas Forrester Stotz, Daniel Franklin Lane, John Patton O'Neill, Theodore Albert Parker III : Birds of Peru . Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey 2007, ISBN 978-0-7136-8673-9 .
  • Steven Leon Hilty, John A. Gwynne, Guy Tudor : Birds of Venezuela . Princeton University Press, Princeton 2002, ISBN 0-691-09250-8 ( books.google.de ).
  • Emílio Joaquim da Silva Maia: Duas especies de Beija Flores . In: Minerva brasiliense: jornal de ciências, letras e artes publicado por uma Associação de Literatos . tape 1 , no. 1 , 1843, p. 2–3 ( memoria.bn.br [PDF; 5.0 MB ]).
  • Philip Lutley Sclater, Osbert Salvin: List of Birds by Mr. Wallace on the Lower Amazonas and Rio Negro . In: Proceedings of Scientific Meeting of the Zoological Society of London for the Year 1867 . 1867, p. 566-596 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • James A. Jobling: Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names . Christopher Helm, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4 .
  • Mathurin-Jacques Brisson: Ornithologie, ou, Méthode contenant la division des oiseaux en ordres, sections, genres, especes & leurs variétés: a laquelle on a joint une description exacte de chaque espece, avec les citations des auteurs qui en ont traité, les noms quils leur ont donnés, ceux que leur ont donnés les différentes nations, & les noms vulgaires . tape 1 . Ad Ripam Augustinorum, apud Cl. Joannem-Baptistam Bauche, bibliopolam, ad Insigne S. Genovesae, & S. Joannis in Deserto, Paris 1760 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Joseph A. Tobias: Far from the birding crowd: range extensions and recent additions to the Bolivia avifauna . In: Neotropical Birding . tape 2 , 2007, p. 36-39 .

Web links

Commons : Green-tailed Glamorings  - Collection of images, videos, and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d Rolf Grantsau, p. 100.
  2. a b Steven Leon Hilty u. a. (2001), p. 416.
  3. a b Thomas Scott Schulenberg u. a., p. 222.
  4. ^ IOC World Bird List Hummingbirds
  5. a b Emílio Joaquim da Silva Maia, p. 2.
  6. ^ Philip Lutley Sclater et al. a., p. 584.
  7. Emílio Joaquim da Silva Maia, p. 3.
  8. ^ Mathurin-Jacques Brisson, p. 40.
  9. James A. Jobling, p. 314.
  10. James A. Jobling, p. 225.

Remarks

  1. This can be seen from Brissons Volume 3 on p. 667. Polytmus guainumbi was previously published without a scientific name, so that this explains why the genus has a year of publication before the species name of Pallas.