Awn rattlespot

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Awn rattlespot
Awn rattlespot (Rhinanthus glacialis)

Awn rattlespot ( Rhinanthus glacialis )

Systematics
Asterids
Euasterids I
Order : Mint family (Lamiales)
Family : Summer root family (Orobanchaceae)
Genre : Rattle Pots ( Rhinanthus )
Type : Awn rattlespot
Scientific name
Rhinanthus glacialis
Personnat

The awns-rattle ( Rhinanthus glacialis ), also Begrannter rattle called, is a species of the genus rhinanthus ( Rhinanthus ) within the family of broomrape plants (Orobanchaceae). It thrives in European mountains .

description

Illustration from Atlas of the Alpine Flora, 1882
Inflorescences

Vegetative characteristics

The awn rattlespot grows as an annual herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 10 to 50 centimeters.

The opposite stems are distributed in leaves and are sessile. The simple leaf blade is lanceolate with a length of up to 4 centimeters with a notched to serrated leaf margin.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends mainly from June to September. Laterally and terminally short racemose inflorescences are formed. The bald bracts have awn-like, pointed teeth, of which the lower 4 to 8 millimeters long and 1 to 5 millimeter long awns (hence the common name ) have.

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic with a double flower envelope . The mostly bald calyx is ciliate at most at the edge. The yellow crown is 15 to 25 millimeters long and two-lipped. The corolla-tube strongly curved upwards. The crown throat is open. The upper lip is arched like a helmet with two 1 to 2 millimeter long, bluish teeth. The protruding lower lip is three-lobed.

The durable, bulbous calyx encloses the capsule fruit .

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 14.

ecology

Awn rattlespot is a mesomorphic therophyte and semi-parasite .

Occurrence

The Grannen-Klappertopf is widespread in Europe in the Alps and the low mountain ranges.

Sunny, dry locations are preferred. It thrives on poor grasslands such as Bürstling lawns , rock debris and snow heather-pine forests. The awning rattle pot is considered to be pH- indifferent.

Systematics

The first description of Rhinanthus glacialis was in 1863 by Victor Personnat .

From Rhinanthus glacialis there are about six subspecies:

  • Rhinanthus glacialis Personnat subsp. glacialis : It occurs in Germany and Slovenia.
  • Rhinanthus glacialis subsp. aristatus (Čelak.) Rauschert (Syn .: Rhinanthus aristatus Čelak. , Alectorolophus aristatus (Čelak.) Sterneck , Alectorolophus gracilis Sterneck ): It occurs in Germany and the Ukraine . In Central Europe it usually thrives in societies of the order Nardetalia.
  • Rhinanthus glacialis subsp. gracilis (Chabert) Dostál (Syn .: Rhinanthus lanceolatus var. gracilis Chabert ): It occurs in Germany and the Czech Republic .
  • Rhinanthus glacialis subsp. lanceolatus (. Neilr) Dostál (Syn .: Rhinanthus lanceolatus . (Neilr) Chabert , Rhinanthus alpinus var. lanceolatus Neilr. , alectorolophus lanceolatus Sterneck , Rhinanthus lanceolatus (Neilr) Chabert. var. lanceolatus ): It comes in Slovenia before. It thrives in Central Europe companies of the Nardion association.
  • Rhinanthus glacialis subsp. simplex (Sterneck) Dostál : It occurs in Germany and Slovenia. It thrives in fresh mountain meadows.
  • Rhinanthus glacialis subsp. subalpinus (Sterneck) Dostál (Syn .: Alectorolophus lanceolatus var. subalpinus Sterneck , Alectorolophus subalpinus Sterneck , Rhinanthus subalpinus (Sterneck) Schinz & Thell. ): It occurs in Germany, Slovenia and the Ukraine. In Central Europe it is a species of the order Seslerietalia, but also occurs in societies of the Mesobromion association.

literature

  • Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpine flowers. Recognize and determine (=  Steinbach's natural guide ). Mosaik, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 .
  • Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Rhinanthus glacialis Personnat, Begrannter Klappertopf. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ^ Konrad Lauber, Gerhart Wagner: Flora Helvetica. Flora of Switzerland. Verlag Paul Haupt, Bern, Stuttgart, Vienna, 1996, ISBN 3-258-05405-3 , p. 954.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g Karol Marhold, 2011: Scrophulariaceae : Datasheet Rhinanthus glacialis In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
  4. ↑ a b c d Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 857-858 .

Web links

Commons : Grannen-Klappertopf ( Rhinanthus glacialis )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files