Grigory Ivanovich Kotovsky
Grigory Kotovsky (also Grigori Ivanovich Kotovsky or Grigory Kotowski and Russian Григорий Иванович Котовский; born June 12 . Jul / 24. June 1881 greg. In Hînceşti , today Moldova ; † 6. August 1925 in Birsula , Ukraine ) was a Soviet Commander in chief and communist functionary .
Life
Kotowski was born in Hînceşti in what was then Russian Bessarabia in 1881 . His father had Polish, his mother Russian roots. Kotowski began his military career in the Imperial Russian Army and became politically active from 1902 onwards. In 1905 and 1915 he finally led two Moldovan rebellions against the tsarist authorities. Kotowski initially went underground, but was caught and sentenced to death. In May 1917, however, he was released to take part as a soldier in the end of the First World War. Kotowski fought on the Romanian front.
After the October Revolution and the beginning of the Russian Civil War, Kotowski joined the local communists of Rumcherod and was initially considered a supporter of the Left Social Revolutionaries before he turned to the Bolsheviks . In 1918 he took over the leadership of the revolutionary troops in Tiraspol and contributed significantly to the takeover of power by the Bolsheviks in southeastern Ukraine. Kotowski continued to maintain contacts in his Moldovan homeland, which has now been annexed by Romania. In 1920 he finally fought against the troops of Józef Piłsudski in the Polish-Soviet war .
Already after the defeat of the Soviet troops by the Polish army in 1920 he withdrew from active participation in combat operations and officially became a member of the Communist Party of Russia . In 1924 he was instrumental in founding the Moldovan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic , an autonomous region for the Romanian-speaking minority in Ukraine. On August 6, 1925, Kotowski was shot by his close confidante and friend Meier Saider for unclear motives. Saider was sentenced to ten years in prison and released in 1928 after three years for good conduct, before he was murdered in 1930 by Kotowski's former companions.
The Ukrainian town of Birsula, where he died in 1925 and was laid out in a mausoleum , was renamed Kotovsk by the Soviet authorities in 1935 . The mausoleum was destroyed years later during the Romanian annexation of Transnistria . The village was renamed Podilsk in the course of the Ukrainian decommunization in 2016 .
Web links
- Article Grigori Iwanowitsch Kotowski in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Верховна Рада України; Постанова від 12.05.2016 № 1353-VIII Про перейменування деяких населених пунктів .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Kotowski, Grigory Ivanovich |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Kotowski, Grigori; Kotovsky, Grigory Ivanovich; Kotowski, Grigory; Котовский, Григорий Иванович (Russian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Commander in Chief of the Red Army |
| DATE OF BIRTH | June 24, 1881 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Hînceşti, Moldova |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 6, 1925 |
| Place of death | Birsula, Ukraine |