Great Midlum

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Great Midlum
Parish Hinte
Great Midlum coat of arms
Coordinates: 53 ° 24 ′ 38 "  N , 7 ° 9 ′ 33"  E
Height : 0  (0-4)  m above sea level NN
Residents : 760
Incorporation : July 1, 1972
Postal code : 26759
Area code : 04925

Groß Midlum is a district of Hinte (a municipality in the Aurich district in East Frisia ) with about 760 inhabitants.


history

The village center was built on a terp in the Kleimarsch area, which is still clearly visible today. The place Midlum, formerly “Middilhem”, was mentioned as early as 1000, the addition of “large” was used since the 16th century to avoid confusion with the place Midlum in the Rheiderland between Jemgum and Hatzum . Groß Midlum was an old chief's seat in East Friesland with a castle that was considered one of the most beautiful buildings of the Krummhörn. However, the entire castle complex was demolished about 200 years ago, only an outer wall of the castle grounds is still preserved.

During the Hanoverian period in East Friesia, Groß-Midlum was part of the Emden District (1824), which included the Larrelt Bailiwick and in turn the Larrelt Sub-Bailiwick, which in addition to the main town and Groß-Midlum also included Wybelsum, Twixlum, Logumer Vorwerk, Freepsum and Westerhusen.

For centuries, the natural depths and drainage channels that crisscross the Krummhörn in a dense network were the most important modes of transport. Not only the villages but also many farms were connected to the city of Emden and the port of Greetsiel via ditches and canals. The boat traffic with Emden was particularly important. Village boatmen took over the supply of goods from the city and delivered agricultural products in the opposite direction: “From the Sielhafenort, smaller ships, so-called Loog ships, transported the cargo to the inland and supplied the marsh villages (loog = village). The Loogschiffe from the Krummhörn enlivened the canals of the city of Emden into the 20th century. ”As early as 1824, the cultural historian Fridrich Arends wrote in his description of the land of the Principality of East Friesland and the Harlingerland :“ There is no office more abundant than this with water. (…) In winter and spring, the grain and other goods are always transported by water both in this and in the Greetmer office, which is extremely useful in the case of the poor dirt roads in the season. "

Peat, which was mostly extracted in the East Frisian Fehnen, played an important role as heating material for the inhabitants of the Krummhörn for centuries . The peat ships brought the material on the East Frisian canal network to the Krummhörn villages, including to Groß-Midlum. On their way back into the Fehnsiedlungen the Torfschiffer often took clay soil from the march, with your home were dug fertilized land. “Contemporary witnesses have reported on these excavations by the ferrymen. The ferry boatman Köster from Großefehn in Groß-Midlum near the church is said to have removed earth. "

In April 1919 there were so-called "bacon removals" from Emden workers, which were followed by rioting on the farm workers. Together with the Rheiderland , the district of Emden was the part of East Frisia most affected by this unrest. Workers broke into the surrounding villages in closed trains and stole food from farmers in clashes. The situation only calmed down after the deployment of the Reichswehr troops stationed in the region . As a reaction to this, resident groups were formed in almost all villages in the Emden area . The Groß-Midlums resident army comprised 33 people. These had 18 weapons. The resident services were only dissolved after a corresponding decree by the Prussian Interior Minister Carl Severing on April 10, 1920.

If the agricultural town did not have more than 400 inhabitants until 1925, it has grown to almost twice the number of parishioners up to the present day. Several new housing estates that have been outsourced now surround the terp.

Until July 1, 1972, Groß Midlum was an independent municipality. From 1899 to 1963 it had a connection to the Emden-Pewsum – Greetsiel railway line (from 1906). The former train station is now the village restaurant "Midlumer Scheune".

Personalities

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Curt Heinrich Conrad Friedrich Jansen: Statistical Handbook of the Kingdom of Hanover 1824 . S. 165 f., Textarchiv - Internet Archive .
  2. ^ Harm Wiemann, Johannes Engelmann: Old streets and ways in East Friesland . Self-published, Pewsum 1974, p. 169 (East Frisia in the protection of the dyke; 8)
  3. ↑ Fridrich Arends: Earth description of the principality of East Friesland and the Harlingerland . Emden 1824, p. 279 ff., Textarchiv - Internet Archive .
  4. ^ Gunther Hummerich: The peat shipping of the Fehntjer in Emden and the Krummhörn in the 19th and 20th centuries. In: Emder Yearbook for Historical Regional Studies in Ostfriesland , Volume 88/89 (2008/2009), pp. 142–173, here p. 163.
  5. Jump up ↑ Hans Bernhard Eden: The Resident Services of Ostfriesland from 1919 to 1921. In: Emder Yearbook for Historical Regional Studies Ostfriesland , Volume 65 (1985), pp. 81-134, here pp. 94, 98, 105, 114.
  6. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 263 .