Great stone graves near Ristedt
| Great stone graves near Ristedt | |||
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| Coordinates | 52 ° 38 '42.5 " N , 11 ° 1' 58.6" E | ||
| place | Klötze , Saxony-Anhalt , Germany | ||
| Emergence | 3700 to 3350 BC Chr. | ||
The megalithic graves near Ristedt were originally at least six megalithic graves from the Neolithic deep-engraving ceramic culture near Ristedt , a town in the town of Klötze in the Altmark district of Salzwedel , Saxony-Anhalt . Today there is only one poorly preserved complex, the others were destroyed in the 19th century.
location
The preserved grave is located west of Ristedt in the forest and can be reached via a forest path. The destroyed grave KS 162 was by Johann Friedrich Danneil at Ristedt, close to the district boundary to Immekath . Grave KS 163 was about 500 paces (approx. 375 m) east of it. Grave KS 164 was 40 paces (approx. 30 m) north of KS 163. KS 165 was even further north, but no indication of the distance. Grave KS 166 was again north of KS 165, close to the way to Tangeln .
In the immediate vicinity of the preserved grave there are several other large stone graves: The large stone graves at Immekath are about 1.1 km to the southeast and the large stone graves at Tangeln 1 km to the northwest .
Research history
Five graves were first described by Johann Friedrich Danneil in 1843 . At the beginning of the 1890s, Eduard Krause and Otto Schoetensack discovered when the Altmark megalithic graves were taken again, that all these facilities had been destroyed in the meantime. The sixth grave was not mentioned by either Danneil or Krause / Schoetensack, but it is marked on a table sheet from 1902. In 1957 the grave was included in a list of potentially protected ground monuments. In 1991, Hans-Jürgen Beier mistakenly listed the westernmost grave described by Danneil as still preserved. There may be a mix-up with the actually preserved grave. In 2003-04, all remaining large stone graves in the Altmark were recorded and measured as a joint project of the State Office for Monument Preservation and Archeology of Saxony-Anhalt , the Johann Friedrich Danneil Museum in Salzwedel and the association “Young Archaeologists of the Altmark”. The preserved system was once again overlooked. A more detailed scientific recording only took place in 2007.
There are different numbers for the graves. For the destroyed graves, the numbers that Krause and Schoetensack marked them are used below.
| official no. | Danneil (1843) | Krause / Schoetensack (1893) |
Beier (1991) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ? | - | - | - | receive |
| - | D 119 | KS 162 | 1 | destroyed |
| - | D 120 | KS 163 | 2 | destroyed |
| - | D 121 | KS 164 | 3 | destroyed |
| - | D 122 | KS 165 | 4th | destroyed |
| - | D 123 | KS 166 | 5 | destroyed |
description
The preserved grave
From the original structure only the mound and a wall stone of the burial chamber are preserved today. According to information from a local resident, there were still other stones present until at least the 1960s. The hill is still clearly visible. It is oriented east-west and is oval in shape. It has a length of approx. 16 m, a width of 12 m and a height of 0.9 m. The wall stone measures 1.3 m × 1.2 m. It is reddish and has a smooth inside.
The destroyed graves
Grave KS 162
The grave had a mound with a stone surround. Information on dimensions, shape and orientation have not been handed down. Some of the surrounding stones had already been removed from Danneil's exception. The burial chamber had a length of 9.4 m and a width of 3.1 m. Danneil could only make out a capstone. Due to the size of the chamber, it must have been a large dolmen or a passage grave.
Grave KS 163
This grave had an east-west oriented barrow, the dimensions of which have not been recorded. At one corner of the east side was a 2.2 m high guard stone . The burial chamber had a length of 10 m and a width of 3.8 m. Danneil was able to find three cap stones, each 3 m long. Due to the size of the chamber, it must have been a large dolmen or a passage grave.
Grave KS 164
This complex had a burial chamber with a length of 5.6 m and a width of 2.5 m. In Danneil's exception, there were still three cap stones left. It was probably a large dolmen.
Grave KS 165
This complex had a burial chamber with a length of 6.3 m and a width of 2.5 m. In Danneil's exception, there were still three cap stones left. It was probably a large dolmen.
Grave KS 166
The grave had a pile of mounds surrounded by stone and was already partially destroyed when Danneil was taken. A more detailed description of the system is not available. Danneil only mentioned that the stones of the enclosure and the burial chamber were sometimes more than 1.9 m in the ground and only protruded 0.3 m beyond.
Finds
For the reasons described by Danneil graves two ground originate Feuerstein - hatchets . Exactly from which grave or graves they come is not known. The two pieces are now in the possession of the Johann Friedrich Danneil Museum in Salzwedel .
See also
literature
- Hans-Jürgen Beier : The megalithic, submegalithic and pseudomegalithic buildings and the menhirs between the Baltic Sea and the Thuringian Forest (= contributions to the prehistory and early history of Central Europe. Volume 1). Wilkau-Haßlau 1991, p. 53.
- Wilhelm Blasius : Guide to the megalithic grave monuments in the western part of the Salzwedel district. In: Thirty-first annual report of the Altmark Association for Patriotic History and Industry. Issue 2, 1904, pp. 111–112 ( PDF; 8.1 MB ).
- Lothar Mittag, Martin Steinig: New discoveries of megalithic systems in the Tangeln district in 2007. In: 78th annual report of the Altmark Association for Patriotic History in Salzwedel . 2008, pp. 5–14 ( PDF; 8.1 MB ).
- Johann Friedrich Danneil : Special evidence of the barrows in the Altmark . In: Sixth annual report of the Altmark Association for Patriotic History and Industry . 1843, p. 114 ( PDF; 5.5 MB ).
- Eduard Krause , Otto Schoetensack : The megalithic graves (stone chamber graves) of Germany . I .: Altmark . In: Journal of Ethnology . Vol. 25, 1893, p. 159 ( PDF; 39.0 MB ).
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Sheet of the measuring table 1751. Klötze. Reichsamt für Landesaufnahme, Berlin 1902 ( online ).
- ↑ Hartmut Bock , Barbara Fritsch, Lothar Mittag: Großsteingraves der Altmark . State Office for Monument Preservation and Archeology Saxony-Anhalt and State Museum for Prehistory, Halle (Saale) 2006, ISBN 3-939414-03-4 , p. 11.
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