Guillaume-Antoine Olivier

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Guillaume-Antoine Olivier

Guillaume-Antoine Olivier (born January 19, 1756 in Les Arcs near Toulon , † October 1, 1814 in Lyon ) was a French doctor and zoologist . Its official botanical author abbreviation is " Olivier ".

Live and act

As the son of a doctor, he also studied medicine at the University of Montpellier , Université Montpellier . His interest in natural history was u. a. awakened by Pierre Marie Auguste Broussonet . He practiced medicine with little vigor in his hometown of Les Arcs.

Olivier traveled together with Jean-Guillaume Bruguière from 1792 to 1798 in eastern North Africa and the Middle East and collected many plants and animals there. He was the first to describe numerous beetles for science. He returned to France with a large natural history collection from the countries he visited, such as the Ottoman Empire , Asia Minor, Persia (Iran) , Egypt and some islands in the Mediterranean, such as the Greek islands (Cyprus, Crete (August 1, 1794 - 29 October 1794), Santorini, Corfu).

Historical map of the Greek island of Santorini based on Guillaume-Antoine Olivier from 1801

During his stay in the Levant , Olivier visited Istanbul three times. He first came on May 22nd, 1793 and lived there until October 26th. His second visit lasted from July 14th to August 30th, 1795, the third from October 17th, 1797 to May 30th, 1798. In 1800 he was appointed professor of zoology at the Veterinary College in Alfort, École nationale vétérinaire d ' Alfort called. His extensive collection has been incorporated into the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris. A smaller part of the collection is in a museum in Edinburgh.

He was close friends with Johan Christian Fabricius and a patron of Pierre André Latreilles . But also with Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck and Jean-Guillaume Bruguière G.-A. Olivier friends.

From March 26th, 1800 he was a member of the Académie des Sciences in Paris.

Honors

After him the plant genus is Oliveria Vent. named from the umbelliferae family (Apiaceae).

Works (selection)

From Entomology, ou histoire naturelle des Insectes
  • Voyage dans l'empire Othoman, l'Égypte et la Perse , 1801–1807. ( Travel through the Turkish Empire, Egypt and Persia, during the first six years of the French Republic or from 1792 to 1798 : Volume 1 , Volume 2 , Volume 3 )
  • Entomology, ou histoire naturelle des Insectes , 1808.
  • Encyclopedie methodique. History naturelle. Insectes Vol. 5. Panckoucke, Paris. 793 pp. (1790)
  • Encyclopedie methodique. Histoire naturelle. Insectes Vol. 5. Panckoucke, Paris. 827 pp. (1792 a.)
  • Encyclopedie methodique. Histoire naturelle. Insects. Vol. 6: 369-704. Paris. (1792 b.)
  • Latreille, PA; M. Olivier (ed.): Encyclopédie Méthodique. Histoire Naturelle. Insectes. Agasse, Paris. Vol. 8. 567-587. (1811)
Rafetus euphraticus. Drawn around 1790; published between 1801 and 1807

Web links

Commons : Guillaume-Antoine Olivier  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Biography in English from JSTOR
  2. ↑ Lac, HW: The early botanical exploration of the island of Crete. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Vienna 98 B Suppl. 183-236 Vienna, December (1996), p. 225
  3. ↑ Damkaer, David M .: The Copepodologist's Cabinet: A Biographical and Bibliographical History. Memoirs of the American Philosophical Society. (2002), pp.104
  4. ↑ Baytop, Asuman: Plant collectors in Anatolia (Turkey). PHYTOLOGIA BALCANICA 16 (2): 187 - 213 Sofia, (2010) (PDF; 247 kB)
  5. ↑ Short biography in English
  6. ↑ biography of J.Ch. Fabricius and references to G.-A. Olivier of the University of Kiel ( Memento of the original from January 26, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.uni-kiel.de
  7. ^ Wolfgang Lefèvre: Jean Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829). P. 6-7 (PDF; 81 kB)
  8. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Olivier, Guillaume-Antoine
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French doctor and zoologist
DATE OF BIRTH January 19, 1756
PLACE OF BIRTH Les Arcs near Toulon
DATE OF DEATH October 1, 1814
Place of death Lyon