Gustav Kittler

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Kittler's relief on his tombstone in Heilbronn's main cemetery

Gustav Adolf Kittler (born September 5, 1849 in Heilbronn ; † June 9, 1929 there ), known as the "Red Kittler", was a carpenter and social democratic politician. In 1886 he was the first social democratic councilor in Wuerttemberg and in 1919 age president of the state constituent assembly for Wuerttemberg .

Life

Gustav Kittler was the son of a needle maker and button maker. He attended elementary school in Heilbronn and then trained as a carpenter. While for craft joined then usual wandering he came to Ludwigsburg where on 27 December 1871, the illegitimate daughter Kittler and Caroline Stöckles, later SPD deputy Emilie Hiller , was born.

In 1873 Kittler married Marie Josephine Rühle from Ludwigsburg. After the birth of the first legitimate child, he moved back to Heilbronn with his wife and two children in 1874, where he worked as a master carpenter from the mid-1870s. Kittler's wife Marie gave birth to a total of 12 children, four of whom died as babies or toddlers and - in addition to her stepsister Emilie - three daughters and five sons reached adulthood.

Kittler leaflet Trau! Look! Whom? by 1878

Fritz Ulrich described Kittler as a "political fiery man who threw himself into battle with ardent zeal and ardent passion for freedom and justice, for democracy and socialism." In 1874 he founded Heilbronn with four other craftsmen, including Wilhelm Schäffler SDAP local association, which organized its first major event, a workers' autumn festival, in autumn 1877. After Hödel's and Nobiling's attacks on Kaiser Wilhelm I on May 11 and June 2, 1878, there were intensified governmental actions against social democracy and workers' associations throughout the Reich , leaflets distributors were arrested and leaflets confiscated. In Heilbronn, the young assessor (and later mayor) Paul Hegelmaier stood out, with whom Kittler clashed again and again later. On June 10, 1878, Kittler gave Abraham Gumbel's flyer Trau! Look! Whom? that out against the after the forthcoming general election looming, the Socialist Law taught and Kittler a seven-week finally converted by 21 October 1878 prohibiting the socialist movement remand earned. Only on election day, July 30, 1878, was he released again. A later leaflet campaign led to house searches across the country on the Saturday before Easter 1881. Nothing was found with Kittler, but he was arrested again for several weeks.

In 1883 Kittler ran for the Heilbronn municipal council , but, like all social democratic candidates, failed to make it. In 1884, Kittler's adversary Hegelmaier was also elected Lord Mayor of Heilbronn. In the local council election in 1885, Kittler finally succeeded in entering the local council. When he took office on January 4, 1886, he was the first social democratic councilor in Württemberg; It was not until 1892 that the next Social Democrat became a council member in Stuttgart . Kittler was re-elected several times, retired early in 1905 because of a move to Stuttgart, but returned to Heilbronn in 1909 and, following a successful election at the end of 1909, was again a member of the municipal council from 1910. With three interruptions, Kittler was a member of the local council for a total of 35½ years until his death in 1929. In addition, in 1893 he was a member of the Heilbronn Citizens Committee , a second chamber of local politics in the Kingdom of Württemberg, for a year .

After an unsuccessful candidacy for the Landtag in 1889 (he lost in the Heilbronn Stadt constituency to Georg Härle from the People's Party), Kittler ran a total of five Reichstag elections between 1890 and 1903. In the Reichstag election in 1898 , he ran in the Reichstag constituency Heilbronn-Neckarsulm-Brackenheim and came into the runoff, which he lost to the farmer's union candidate Paul Hegelmaier. After the runoff election, on the night of June 25, 1898, there were tumults and a street battle between Kittler and Hegelmaier supporters on the Heilbronn market square, which the summoned military ended with arrests of 30 to 40 people.

In 1905, Kittler handed over his joinery and furniture workshop in Biedermannsgasse 11 to his son Albert. 1910 appeared in the Heilbronn association printing house , which published the SPD newspaper Neckar-Echo , under the title Aus dem third württemb. Reichstag constituency Kittler's memories of his political work in Heilbronn. In 1919 he was the age president of the state constituent assembly for Württemberg, to which his daughter Emilie Hiller (1871-1943) also belonged. A candidate for the state parliament in 1920 did not lead to success.

Honors

Since March 12, 1925, Kittlerstrasse in Heilbronn (between Neckarsulmer Strasse and Kreuzenstrasse in the north of Heilbronn) has been named after Gustav Kittler. Since the Heilbronn National Socialists did not like the name, it was renamed Hans-Sachs-Straße on September 19, 1933 . On May 30, 1945 it was given its old name again.

literature

  • Frank Raberg : Biographical handbook of the Württemberg state parliament members 1815-1933 . On behalf of the Commission for Historical Regional Studies in Baden-Württemberg. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-17-016604-2 , p. 442 .
  • Susanne Stickel-Pieper (arrangement): Trau! Look! Whom? Documents on the history of the labor movement in the Heilbronn / Neckarsulm area 1844–1949 . Distel-Verlag, Heilbronn 1994, ISBN 3-929348-09-8 , in the book ISBN 3-923348-09-8
  • Albert Großhans: 100 years of the SPD Heilbronn 1874–1974 . Social Democratic Party of Germany, Heilbronn local association, Heilbronn 1974

Web links

Wikisource: Gustav Kittler  - Sources and full texts
Commons : Gustav Kittler  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Heilbronn City Archives , Contemporary History Collection, signature ZS-10509, entry on Gustav Kittler in the HEUSS database (accessed on December 28, 2012)
  2. ^ A b Frank Raberg : Emilie Hiller. Social democratic politician, 1871–1943. In: Life pictures from Baden-Wuerttemberg. Volume 21. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-17-018980-8 , pp. 436-456
  3. ↑ Details on Kittler's children and marriage according to Gudrun Silberzahn-Jandt: From the dining room to the state parliament. Emilie Hiller (1871-1943). In: Christhard Schrenk (ed.): Heilbronner Köpfe II. Life pictures from two centuries. Heilbronn City Archives, Heilbronn 1999, ISBN 3-928990-70-5 ( Small series of publications by the Heilbronn City Archives. 45), pp. 37–48
  4. ↑ Quoted from Gudrun Silberzahn-Jandt (see last reference), pp. 39–40
  5. ^ Ulrich Maier: social democrat, banker, peace activist. Abraham Gumbel (1852-1930) . In: Christhard Schrenk (Hrsg.): Heilbronner Köpfe VII. Life pictures from four centuries (= small series of publications of the archive of the city of Heilbronn 61). Heilbronn City Archives, Heilbronn 2014, ISBN 978-3-940646-16-3 , pp. 111-132
  6. ^ Friedrich Dürr , Karl Wulle, Willy Dürr, Helmut Schmolz, Werner Föll: Chronicle of the City of Heilbronn . Volume III: 1922-1933. Heilbronn City Archives, Heilbronn 1986, p. 177 ( Publications of the Archives of the City of Heilbronn . Volume 29).
  7. ↑ Susanne Schlösser: Chronicle of the city of Heilbronn . Volume IV: 1933-1938. Heilbronn City Archives, Heilbronn 2001, ISBN 3-928990-77-2 , p. 52, 510 ( publications of the archive of the city of Heilbronn . Volume 39).
  8. ↑ Alexander Renz: Chronicle of the city of Heilbronn . Volume VI: 1945-1951. Heilbronn City Archives, Heilbronn 1995, ISBN 3-928990-55-1 , p. 568 ( publications of the archive of the city of Heilbronn . Volume 34).
personal data
SURNAME Kittler, Gustav
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kittler, Gustav Adolf (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German carpenter and politician (SPD)
DATE OF BIRTH September 5, 1849
PLACE OF BIRTH Heilbronn
DATE OF DEATH June 9, 1929
Place of death Heilbronn