Gymnocarpos

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Gymnocarpos
Gymnocarpos decandrus

Gymnocarpos decandrus

Systematics
Eudicotyledons
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Carnation family (Caryophyllaceae)
Subfamily : Paronychioideae
Genre : Gymnocarpos
Scientific name
Gymnocarpos
Forssk.

Gymnocarpos is a plant kind from the family of the Pink family (Caryophyllaceae). It comprises ten species that are native to arid regions from Cape Verde to China.

description

Gymnocarpos are bare and strongly branched subshrubs or herbaceous plants with an upright or prostrate stem . The opposite, sitting or short-stalked leaves are fleshy, cylindrical or weakly trough-shaped and linear-lanceolate or rounded in outline. They are entire, blunt or pointed and have a central nerve emerging as a spike tip. The membranous stipules sit between the petioles, are ovate-triangular and pointed towards the extreme end; they are initially fused, later separated. The leaf margin is almost whole to frayed.

The terminal or nearly terminal inflorescences are dichasic or partially monochasic and occasionally form dense spherical heads. The bracts are membranous and stipple-like to conspicuous and as large or even larger than the flowers, or they are foliage-like with a well-developed blade . The flowers are usually sessile, only the middle ones occasionally have a flower stalk . The flower axis is inverted and occasionally fused with the bracts. The five sepals are membranous on the edge, petals are missing. The five stamens are opposite the sepals and alternate with the five thread-like to triangular staminodes , the anthers are broad, oblong-round. The verkehrteiförmige, free or embedded to parts in the base of the flower ovary is in the upper part papillate . The long stylus is slender, the stigma three-lobed. The fruit has a membranous pericarp , is elongated in outline and papillary above; it tears open irregularly. The egg to kidney-shaped, brown seeds are slightly compressed.

distribution

The genus inhabits dry regions from Cape Verde and the Canary Islands to Mongolia and northwest China, the center of diversity is the Horn of Africa .

Systematics

Flowers of Gymnocarpos decandrus

The genus was first described in 1775 by Pehr Forsskål , the type species is Gymnocarpos decandrus . It is part of the subfamily Paronychioideae ; their exact position in it is still unclear. Closely related is the genera of the wall Mieren ( paronychia ) and the fraction herbs ( Herniaria ). According to molecular genetic studies, it also includes the ( monotypic ) genus Sclerocephalus , so ten species are assigned to it.

literature

  • L. Petrusson, Mats Thulin: Taxonomy and biogeography of Gymnocarpos (Caryophyllaceae). In: Edinburgh Journal of Botany. Volume 53, No. 1, 1996, pp. 1-26, DOI: 10.1017 / S0960428600002687 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Bengt Oxelman, Britta Ahlgren, Mats Thulin: Circumscription and phylogenetic relationships of Gymnocarpos (Caryophyllaceae-Paronychioideae). In: Edinburgh Journal of Botany. Volume 59, No. 2, 2002, pp. 221-237, DOI: 10.10M / S0960428602000045 .
  2. ↑ a b c d David Franklin Chamberlain: Caryophyllaceae. In: Anthony George Miller, Thomas A. Cope (Eds.): Flora of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra. Volume 1, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh 1996, ISBN 0-7486-0475-8 , p. 179, limited preview in Google Book Search

Web links

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