Port of Durrës

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Port of Durrës
Logo of the port of Durrës
Data
UN / LOCODE AL DRZ
operator Autoriteti Portual Durrës
Port type seaport
Total area of ​​the port 65 ha
Passengers 839,598 (2016)
Goods handled Bulk, container
Throughput 3.464 million t (2016)
Container (TEU) 1.579 million (2016)
website www.apdurres.com.al
Geographic information
place Durrës
Qark Qark Durrës
Country Albania
Aerial view
Aerial view
Coordinates 41 ° 18 '35 "  N , 19 ° 27' 26"  E Coordinates: 41 ° 18 '35 "  N , 19 ° 27' 26"  E
Port of Durrës (Albania)
Port of Durrës
Location Durrës port

The port of Durrës ( Albanian  Porti i Durrësit ) is the largest port in Albania . The port of the city of Durrës is not only of great importance for goods and passenger traffic in Albania , but also for the landlocked countries of Kosovo and North Macedonia that border to the east . It consists of a ferry terminal , a container terminal and two further areas for general cargo and bulk cargo in the west and east.

The port is operated by the Autoriteti Portual Durrës , a state owned company.

geography

Drive through the shipping channel to the port

The port is located in front of the city of Durrës at the northern end of the Bay of Durrës ( Albanian  Gjiri i Durrësit ). The port area takes up the city's coast over a length of around two kilometers, some of which are only 150 meters wide.

A 6775 meter long, 9.5 meter deep and 120 meter wide shipping channel leads through the shallow bay of Durrës from the harbor basin into the deeper waters of the Adriatic .

Two moles form the artificial harbor basin , which is 1200 to 900 meters long, 550 meters wide and around eleven meters deep. The west quay protrudes over 900 meters south into the bay, the east pier almost one and a half kilometers. The entrance between the jetties, which faces west-northwest, is around 190 meters wide.

On the land side, the port has a connection to the railway network and to the Durrës – Tirana motorway . It is the starting point of the Pan-European Transport Corridor VIII . A footbridge leads from the ferry terminal to the Hekurudha Shqiptare train station and bus station in downtown Durrës.

Wedged between the railway line in the north, the city in the west and the sea, the port lacks space to grow.

About ten kilometers further north at the other end of the Durrës peninsula is the port of Romano near Porto Romano . The terminal for crude oil and liquefied gas started operations in 2009.

history

The port of Durrës (then Dyrrachium or Epidamnos) goes back a long way to antiquity . As the end point of the Via Egnatia , it was part of the direct connection from Rome to Constantinople . In the Middle Ages , the city retained its importance as an important port on the Adriatic. The rule changed regularly. The Venetians in 1392 were followed by the Ottomans in 1501 . Under Ottoman rule, the exchange over the sea, especially to Italy, and thus the port lost its importance. Although the population of the city was very small as a result, Durrës remained the most important port on the Albanian Adriatic coast.

Landing piers around 1912 (picture postcard from Purger & Co. )

From the late 19th century Durres was regularly battleships various steamship - companies operate, including the 1876 founded Italian company Puglia and the Austrian Lloyd .

“Because of the silted up roadstead, the steamer anchors quite a distance. Landing by boat in choppy seas is sometimes cumbersome. "

- A. Hartleben's Illustrated Guide (1907)
The port in the First World War

On March 7, 1914, Wilhelm I , Prince of Albania, set foot on Albanian soil for the first time with his wife Sophie von Schönburg-Waldenburg and their two children in Durrës. During the First World War, the army of the Kingdom of Serbia , which withdrew from the Austro-Hungarian army that was successful in the Serbian campaign, embarked in Durrës. The Italian Navy had to evacuate the Serbs, including King Peter I , to Corfu . In the further course of the war Durrës was occupied by the Austrians. Until well after the war, the port consisted of only two jetties around 50 meters long .

In the interwar period, the port was gradually expanded and dredged, particularly with Italian help. A first landing stage was extended to 140 meters in 1926 and later to over 400 meters. In 1930 the large ships still had to anchor in the bay and the passengers had to be brought to the landing stage by dinghy, but construction work on the mools was already in progress. The project envisaged the construction of two mools with a length of 1000 and 1400 meters and a basin depth of six meters. The work lasted from 1928 to 1934.

On April 7, 1939 , Italy occupied Albania . The military attack started mainly in the port of Durrës. The port was further expanded into a modern facility.

In communist Albania , which practically did not allow tourism and travel for its own citizens, the port was primarily important for goods traffic. In 1945 a shipyard was founded and the construction of the railroad as a feeder began. At that time it was named after Enver Hoxha . In July 1990 around 5,000 embassy refugees - 3,200 people had fled to the German embassy alone - were brought by bus from Tirana to Durrës, where they were allowed to leave the country by ferry. After the collapse of the regime in March 1991 around 25,000 Albanians hijacked ships and boats in the ports of Durrës and Vlora and drove to Italy. Further waves of escape followed in June and August of the same year, including with the Vlora . In the following years of transformation, the port was considered extremely unsafe and dangerous.

Goods and transport

Container terminal and ferries (2009)

The port has berths over a length of around 2275 meters. In 2016, 3.464 million tons of goods were turned over in the port and 1,552 ships were registered. In the container terminal, 1.579 million tons of goods were turned over and 200 ships were registered. The capacity of the container terminal is given as around 80,000 TEU per year, but the turnover of goods in 2016 was significantly higher at almost 120,000 TEU. There are plans to excavate the basin and the channel to 10.5 meters to make the port accessible to ships with up to 30,000 DWT .

Various Adriatic ferries call at Durrës port regularly. Most ferries connect Durrës with Bari and Ancona , some also with Trieste and rarely with Brindisi . A new ferry terminal was opened in 2013. In 2016, 839,598 passengers and 240,473 vehicles were shipped on or by 1,036 ferries . In 2019, 19 cruise ships with over 4,500 passengers on board called at the port.

A small harbor for fishing boats was built on the sea side of the west pier and opened in 2013. The fishing port is protected by a small new pier.

The Albanian Navy also uses the port.

Since the beginning of 2019 there has been a customs office of the Republic of Kosovo in the port . This simplifies the import of goods into Kosovo and relieves the Vërmica / Morina border crossing . Albania and Kosovo are gradually harmonizing their customs systems and are striving for a customs union in the long term .

literature

Web links

Commons : Port of Durrës  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Transporti Detar. (DOC) (No longer available online.) In: Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure. Archived from the original on April 19, 2016 ; Retrieved April 18, 2017 (Albanian).
  2. ↑ a b Visit to the port of Durrës. In: German Industry and Trade Association in Albania. October 7, 2013, archived from the original on April 19, 2017 ; Retrieved April 18, 2017 .
  3. ↑ a b Characteristics. In: Autoriteti Portual Durrës. Retrieved April 18, 2017 (Albanian).
  4. ↑ Hasan Cipuri et al .: Porti ynë në rrjedhën e viteve . Ed .: Drejtori i Autoritetit Portual të Durrësit. Ilar, Tirana 2009, ISBN 978-99956-07-73-9 ( apdurres.com.al [PDF]).
  5. ↑ Distances measured on maps, names and original coastline based on the sketch in F. Wallisch, p. 11.
  6. ^ History. In: Romano Port. Retrieved April 18, 2017 .
  7. ↑ Illustrated guides through Dalmatia along the coast from Albania to Corfu and to the Ionian Islands (=  A. Hartleben's Illustrated Guide . No. 12 ). 7th edition. A. Hartleben's Verlag, Vienna 1907, p. 192 .
  8. ^ A b Pirro Marconi, Sestilio Montanelli et al .: Albania . Ed .: Consociazione Turistica Italiana (=  Guida d'Italia . No. 25 ). Unione tipografica, Milan 1940, p. 144 ( online version in Google Book Search [accessed November 9, 2016]).
  9. ↑ a b Roberto Almagià: L'Albania (=  Collezione Omnia . No. 22-23 ). Paolo Cremonese, Rome 1930, p. 234 .
  10. ^ Friedrich Wallisch : Neuland Albania . Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1931, p. 10 f .
  11. ↑ Erich von Luckwald : Albania. Land between yesterday and tomorrow . F. Bruckmann, Munich 1942, p. 15, 41 .
  12. ^ Navy History. In: Armed Forces of Albania. Retrieved April 18, 2017 .
  13. ↑ Statistikat: Trafiku: Porti Durres. Të dhënat mbi trafikun në Portin e Durrësit ne vitet 2011–2016. In: Autoriteti Portual Durrës. Retrieved April 18, 2017 (Albanian).
  14. ↑ Statistics: Trafiku: Terminali i Konteinereve. Të dhënat mbi trafikun në Terminalin e Konteinëreve ne vitet 2011–2016. In: Autoriteti Portual Durres. Retrieved April 18, 2017 (Albanian).
  15. ↑ Terminali i Konteinereve. In: Autoriteti Portual Durrës. Retrieved April 18, 2017 (Albanian).
  16. ^ Durres Port Dredging Project. In: European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. September 3, 2013, accessed April 18, 2017 .
  17. ↑ Linja e Trageteve. In: Autoriteti Portual Durrës. Retrieved April 18, 2017 (Albanian).
  18. ↑ Statistics: Trafiku: Terminali i Trageteve. Të dhënat mbi trafikun në Terminalin e Trageteve në vitet 2011–2016. In: Autoriteti Portual Durrës. Retrieved April 18, 2017 (Albanian).
  19. ↑ Porti i Durrësit pjesë e gudiave turistike të kroçerave, më shumë se 4500 turistë and ndalën vetëm përgjatë 2019-ës. In: Autoriteti Portual Durrës. January 23, 2020, accessed February 1, 2020 (Albanian).
  20. ↑ Ilirian Agolli: Port i ri peshkimi në Durres. In: Voice of America. May 18, 2013, accessed April 18, 2017 (Albanian).
  21. ↑ Kosovo Customs to open offices at Albania's port of Durrës. In: PortSEurope.com. January 15, 2019, accessed December 2, 2019 .
  22. ^ The Customs Office of Kosovo Inauguration at the Port of Durres. In: General Directorate of Customs of Albania. Accessed December 2, 2019 .