Hamida Javanshir

Hamida Jawanshir (1890s)

Hamida Dschawanschir ( Russian Гамида Джаваншир * January 7 ^jul. / 19th January  1873 ^greg. In Böyük Kəhrizli in Shushi ; † 6 February 1955 in Baku ) was an Azerbaijani - Russian - Soviet entrepreneur , writer , translator , philanthropist and patron .

Life

Dschawanschir's father was the military engineer and historian Akhmed-bey Dschawanschir (1823-1903), whose great-grandfather Khan Panah-Ali had founded the Karabakh Khanate . She received a domestic Azerbaijani - Russian education. She then educated herself further and read a lot.

1889 Dschawanschir married the lieutenant colonel of the Imperial Russian Army Ibrahim- bey Dawatdarow. They lived in Brest-Litovsk and had two children. She took dance lessons and studied German and Polish after already speaking French . In 1900 the family moved to Kars , where Dawatdarow became the fortress commander. After her husband's death in 1902, she returned to Böyük Kəhrizli with her children and ran her father's estate and cotton trade , which she then inherited.

1905 traveled Dschawanschir to Tbilisi to stories for children and translations of her father from the publisher marriage to have it published. Here she met the writer Jalil Mammadkulisade (1866–1932), whom she married in 1907. During the famine in Karabakh in 1907, she distributed food and served as a mediator between Armenians and Azerbaijanis after two years of massacres. In Böyük Kəhrizli she founded a hospital and a weaving mill . With others she founded the Caucasian Muslim Women's Charity Society (1906-1917). In 1909, with the help and participation of her husband, she opened a school for 30 boys and 10 girls. In 1911 she went to great lengths to help the sick poet Mirsa Alekper Sabir to heal, for which the poet dedicated a poem to her. Üzeyir Hacibəyov reported on it in the Malumat newspaper in August 1911. She also took part in the publication of the Molla Nasreddin magazine , which was devoted to the problems of women's freedom.

In 1912 at the 13th Congress of Cotton Planters in Transcaucasia , Javanshir proposed to set up warehouses in Karabakh for the sale of agricultural implements and machines from Tbilisi in order to improve this branch of the economy .

After the October Revolution , Dschawanschir initially continued to live in Böyük Kəhrizli. During a smallpox epidemic , she bought and vaccinated smallpox vaccine . Because of her noble origins, she was expropriated and lost her right to vote. After a year in Tabriz , the family settled in Baku in 1921. After the death of her husband Jalil Mammadkulisade, Jawansheer devoted himself to promoting her husband's works and published them. She wrote memory books about Sabir, her husband and her father. She translated works by Azerbaijani writers and some of her husband's works into Russian . She collected Azerbaijani folk tunes and stories about historical people.

Javanshir's distant cousin was the politician Behbud Khan Javanshir .

Javanshir was buried next to her husband in the Fuxri Xiyaban honorary cemetery in Baku . The Javanshir Museum was founded in Böyük Kəhrizli in 2006 to mark the centenary of the Molla Nasreddin magazine .

Web links

• Literature by and about Hamida Dschawanschir in the bibliographic database WorldCat
• Catalog of the Russian National Library : Мамедкулизаде, Гамида

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Məmmədquluzadə-Cavanşir Həmidə xanım Əhməd bəy qızı (accessed January 13, 2020).
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Мамедкулизаде Г .: Мои воспоминания о Джалиле Мамедкулизаде (Подготовка текста, предисловие и комментарии Аббаса Заманова, редактор Азиз Шариф) . Элм, Baku 1970.
3. ↑ Meqaulduz və onun işığı (accessed January 13, 2020).
4. ↑ Джавадов Г. Д .: Традиционное орудие пахоты Карабаха в XIX– начале XX века . In: Известия Академии наук Азербайджанской ССР . No. 4 , 1985, pp. 85 .
5. ↑ В СЕЛЕ КЯХРИЗЛИ СОЗДАН ДОМ-МУЗЕЙ ГАМИДЫ ХАНУМ ДЖАВАНШИР (accessed January 13, 2020).