Hammerstein marriage

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The Hammerstein marriage was the marriage between the Konradin Otto von Hammerstein (* approx. 975, † probably June 5, 1036, 1016 Count in the Wetterau , 1019 Count in Engersgau ) and Irmingard von Verdun († 1042), the daughter of Count Gottfried of the prisoner of landlords (Verdun) from the family of the Wigeriche .

Since Otto and Irmingard were distantly related (see below), Emperor Heinrich II - although Otto's friend - objected to the marriage at the urging of Erkanbald , the Archbishop of Mainz . Otto and Irmingard were summoned to appear before the archbishop's court, but did not appear, whereupon the couple was excommunicated in Nijmegen in 1018 . At the Fürstentag von Bürgel (now Offenbach's district ), the illegality of the marriage was established a little later. Otto apparently submitted, but nevertheless stuck to his marriage to Irmingard.

The marriage dispute in Hammerstein escalated when Otto tried to get rid of Archbishop Erkanbald, who was standing in the way of his marriage; the attempt to capture him failed, however, only his entourage fell into Otto's hands and was imprisoned at Hammerstein Castle. When attempts to mediate - also by the emperor himself - failed, an imperial assembly decided to crack down on the couple. Otto retired to his castle, where he was besieged by the emperor in autumn 1020 and had to surrender at Christmas.

Otto received free deduction, his assets were confiscated, and the couple took up a wandering life over the next few years until Otto submitted again in 1023 and renounced the marriage a second time - in return for his goods being returned.

Irmingard's refusal to accept the decision and her appeal to Pope Benedict VIII , which she presented herself in Rome, led to a further escalation of the dispute. Irmingard's intervention in Rome made the dispute a question of prestige for the Archbishop of Mainz Aribo , the successor of Erkanbald, who now tried to influence the Pope in his favor by confirming the previous resolutions by a further synod in Seligenstadt (August 12, 1023 ) Took back cover - and thus expressly denied the Pope the decision-making power in the last instance, which in turn could not tolerate.

The subsequent investigation of the case in Germany by a papal delegation turned out to be to the detriment of the Mainz resident: the pallium was withdrawn from him, whereupon he in turn switched the emperor on and in the spring of 1024 reassured himself the support of his bishops at a synod in Höchst .

Benedict VIII died before the reply that had now been formulated reached him, and his successor John XIX. avoided taking a position on the whole question at all, so that Aribo remained without a pallium.

At the Frankfurt Synod of 1027 , Aribo put the topic back on the agenda, but the new Emperor Konrad II in particular was unwilling to take action against marriage, as he was related firstly to Otto and secondly himself in a similar (but canonically still allowed) marriage lived. He ended the proceedings against Otto and Irmingard, who were then able to continue their marriage.

The loser was now clearly Aribo, who in 1031 even traveled to Rome to do penance to get the revoked pallium back. The result of this step is not known, and Aribo was unable to announce it at home, as he died on the return journey in Como .

The relationship between Otto and Irmingard

Wigerich
 
 Kunigunde,
granddaughter of Ludwig the Stammler
 
 Gerhard von Metz
( Matfriede )
 
 Oda
( Liudolfinger )
 
 Charles the Simple
( Carolingian )
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Gozelo
 
 
 
 Uda
 
 Gottfried von Jülich ,
Count Palatine of Lorraine
 
 Ermentrud
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Mathilde of Saxony
( Billunger )
 
 Gottfried the prisoner
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Gerberga
 
 Megingoz
Graf in Geldern
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Irmintrud
 
 Heribert Graf im Kinziggau
( Konradiner )
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Irmingard of Verdun
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Otto von Hammerstein
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Otto and Irmingard were related to each other in the 7th degree according to canonical / Germanic law. Otto's great-grandfather Gottfried and Irmingard's grandmother Uda were siblings (children of Gerhard and Oda). The generations up to the common ancestor are counted on both sides.

literature

  • Eduard Hlawitschka : The beginnings of the House of Habsburg-Lothringen. Genealogical studies of the history of Lorraine and the empire in the 9th, 10th and 11th centuries (= publications of the Commission for Saarland State History and Folk Research. Vol. 4, ISSN  0454-2533 ). Minerva-Verlag Thinnes u. Nolte, Saarbrücken 1969.
  • Eduard Hlawitschka: Emperor Heinrich II., The Hammersteinsche marriage process and the Ezzone. In: Rheinische Vierteljahrsblätter . Vol. 76, 2012, pp. 53-90.
  • Hein H. Jongbloed: Wanburtich. Henry II's participation in the election of Kamba (1024). In: German Archive for Research into the Middle Ages . Vol. 62, 2006, pp. 1–63 ( digitized version )
  • Mathias Koch: Irmgard von Hammerstein († around 1042). In: Georg Mölich (Ed.): Rheinische Lebensbilder. Volume 18. Rheinland-Verlag et al., Cologne 2000, ISBN 3-7927-1752-2 , pp. 7-26.
  • Siegfried Reicke : The Hammerstein marriage trade in the light of the medieval system of rule. In: Rheinische Vierteljahrsblätter. Vol. 38, 1974, pp. 203-224.
  • Dieter Wolf , Count Otto von Hammerstein and the Konradin family . in: Anniversary publication on the occasion of the 1000th anniversary of the Bürgel Reichstag 1018–2018. Pp. 32-75, pp. 97-100.