Hamr (Val)
| Hamr | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Jihočeský kraj | ||||
| District : | Tábor | ||||
| Municipality : | Val | ||||
| Area : | 149.6911 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 9 ' N , 14 ° 46' E | ||||
| Height: | 420 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 72 (March 1, 2001) | ||||
| Postal code : | 391 81 | ||||
| License plate : | C. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Drahov - Val | ||||
| Next international airport : | České Budějovice Airport | ||||
Hamr (German hammer , formerly hammer on the island ) is a district of the municipality of Val in the Czech Republic . It is located six kilometers southeast of Veselí nad Lužnicí in South Bohemia and belongs to the Okres Tábor . Hamr also forms a cadastral district that bears the name Hamr nad Nežárkou .
geography
Hamr is located on the left bank of the Nežárka opposite the confluences of the Plešský potok and Vřesenský potok in the pond landscape of the Wittingau basin . The Přední Sax, Hluboký Sax, Hluboký u Hamru, Smíchov I, Smíchov II and Odměrna ponds extend to the north and northeast; southwest of the Vlkovský rybník, in the west of the Šípov and northwest of the Hladov. The Travná cesta (435 m) rises in the south, the U Výra (426 m) to the west and the Kozina (434 m) and the Šibeniční vrch (446 m) in the northwest.
Neighboring towns are Drahov in the north, Vřesná, Bald Inca Kostroun, Ovčín and Nítovice in the Northeast, V Drápale, Řehořinky and cikar the east, Metel, Evženovo Údolí, Pávek and Albrechtice in the southeast, Vyšné and Val in the south, Basta, U Nohavů, Vlkov and Hlavičky in the west and Dehetník, Mlýn Křkavec, Veselí nad Lužnicí and Mezímostí nad Nežárkou in the northwest.
history
The settlement of Ostrov probably arose together with Val, Vlkov and the Dehetník farm in the 13th century in the course of settling the primeval forests on the Lainsitz and Nežárka. Its original name derives from its island location between the Nežárka, swamps and three fish ponds. Ostrov was first mentioned in writing in 1395. After the picards ( Adamites ) expelled from Tábor and South Moravia under the leadership of their fanatical preacher and blacksmith Adam Rohan occupied Ostrov and the surrounding forests in 1420, and from there raids and murders into the The owner of the Ostrov Fortress, Hans Schorz von Wall ( Hanuš Šorc z Valu ) tried in vain to dissolve the camp by force. Schorz fell into the hands of the Adamites, was killed and his corpse was thrown into the Nežárka. In 1421 Jan Žižka undertook a punitive expedition against the Picards with the support of Ulrich von Neuhaus and took the Ostrov Fortress defended by Captain Božek Klatovsky. He had the 40 Adamites captured in the process, and according to tradition, only one priest should have been taken prisoner in order to exemplify the trial. In later transfigured representations of the event it is reported that the Adamites allegedly fought the fight against Žižka in Adam's costume.
Later, the von Wall lords sold the Ostrov estate to the Sobětice lords, who built a yard and an iron hammer on the Nežárka in addition to the fortress. At the beginning of the 16th century, Bohuslav von Val and Úsuší acquired the Ostrov estate and reunited it with Wall . In 1525 he had a new fortress built in Ostrov and moved his seat from Wall to Ostrov. In the following time, the settlement of Ostrov grew into a village, which was called the hammer on the island after the iron hammer . In the second half of the 16th century, Albrecht Valovský von Úsuší had the Hammer Castle built on the island instead of the Ostrov Fortress and combined both properties into one estate, Hammer and Wall . In 1581, he built the church of Sts on a rocky knoll across the Kladen pond. Trinity as a branch of the Veselí parish and designated it as his burial place. The iron hammer probably went out during the Thirty Years War, and the Neue Mühle was first mentioned in its place in 1644. In the same year a brewery was built in the castle garden. In 1696 the Imperial and Royal Rittmeister Leopold Freiherr von Gerard acquired the estate. In 1714 Wenzel Ritter von Goltz-Goltz bought the property from him. He raised the church to a parish church in 1724. After the death of Anton Wenzel Ritter von Goltz-Goltz, his pupils sold the Hammer and Wall estate in 1729 to Eleonora Amalie zu Schwarzenberg , who two years later left it to her husband Adam Franz zu Schwarzenberg , who attached it to his rule in Wittingau . In 1732 the brewery burned down, the princes zu Schwarzenberg had no interest in rebuilding . The first attempts to use the Nežárka for rafting were made in 1747 below the mill weir. After the Kladen pond was drained, the village and the small settlement around the church grew into one unit.
In 1840, the Hammer and Wall estate included the villages of Hammer, Wall and Wlkow . The village of Hammer consisted of 26 houses with 235 inhabitants. Hammer belonged to the parish church, the parish, the school, a mill with a board saw and the wasteland of Luschnitz, which consists of two houses. Hammer was the pastor for Wall and Wlkow including the associated wastelands. Regular rafting on the Nežárka began in 1842, and it was agreed with the miller that the mill weir should be opened during rafting times. The U Koloušků inn became a place of rest for the raftsmen. In 1850, the estate included the villages of Hamr (236 inhabitants), Val (225 inhabitants), Višné (56 inhabitants), Albrechtice (27 inhabitants), Dehetník (16 inhabitants) and Vlkov (259 inhabitants). Until the middle of the 19th century, the village was always subject to the Hammer und Wall estate.
After the abolition of patrimonial formed Hamr / Hammer 1850 a district of the municipality Vlkov in the district administration Trebon / Wittingau and the judicial district Veseli nad Lužnicí . In 1863 Hamr / Hammer had 224 inhabitants. In 1866 a 38 m long and 4.20 m wide wooden bridge was built over the Nežárka. Another 18 m long bridge of the same width led over the Old Nežárka. In 1891 a new mill weir was placed in the Nežárka. Until 1880 Hamr was part of Vlkov and then became an independent municipality. The mill operated until 1945 and the house was sold to the community in 1959. After the Okres Třeboň was abolished, Hamr became part of the Okres Soběslav in 1948. The Okres Soběslav was dissolved again in 1961 and Hamr assigned to the Okres Tábor; at the same time it was incorporated into Val. On January 1, 1989, Val and Hamr were incorporated into Veselí nad Lužnicí. After a referendum, Val and Hamr broke up on November 24, 1990 and have since formed their own community again. In 1991 there were 42 people living in Hamr; the 2001 census counted 40 houses and 72 residents.
Attractions
- Parish Church of St. Trinity, it was created in 1581 and was elevated to a parish church in 1724. The single-nave Renaissance building with a bell tower still has its original sgraffito plaster and is protected as a cultural monument
- Rectory, built in 1724, it is also protected as a monument
- Hammer Castle, it was built in the second half of the 16th century for Albrecht Valovský von Úsuší from the Gothic Ostrov fortress and served as the seat of the Hammer und Wall estate until 1728
- Chapel of St. Anthony of Padua at the north-western exit of the town on the Nežárka, it was created in the 17th century at a spring and was enlarged in the first half of the 18th century
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/77612/redirect
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 9: Budweiser Kreis. Ehrlich, Prague 1841, p. 64.
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer: The Kingdom of Bohemia. Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 9: Budweiser Kreis. Ehrlich, Prague 1841, pp. 97–98.