Hans Hachmann
Hans Hachmann (born April 5, 1930 in Barmstedt ; † March 5, 2004 in Westerland ) was a German master gardener and plant breeder. With TJ Rudolf Seidel (1861–1918) and Dietrich G. Hobbie (1899–1985), Hans Hachmann is one of the most important German rhododendron breeders.
Live and act
Hans Hachmann was born in Barmstedt (Schleswig-Holstein) in 1930. His father, Johannes Hachmann, had founded the Hachmann tree nursery there the year before .
Hans Hachmann completed his training as a gardener from 1944-47 and then worked as a young gardener in Holstein and Ammerland . His enthusiasm for rhododendrons began in the Ammerland nursery in Bruns . This was reinforced by the rhododendrons of the breeder Dietrich G. Hobbie in the nearby Linsweg. When Hans Hachmann joined his parents' business in 1950, he brought fifty rhododendron varieties with him from the Ammerland as well as the idea of cultivating and developing this plant species in Schleswig-Holstein. The rose breeder Wilhelm Kordes , who lives in the neighboring Klein Offenseth-Sparrieshoop, encouraged Hans Hachmann to do so.
It takes 15 to 20 years for rhododendrons from the first crossing of two varieties to the selection of promising seedlings and the propagation of selected new varieties. From 1974/75 Hans Hachmann was able to bring his own rhododendron breeds onto the market. A few years later, various gardening magazines began to report on Hans Hachmann's new rhododendron products. In this way, not only the specialist audience, but also a large group of garden lovers became aware of the breeder.
In the course of fifty years of breeding work, more than 400 new varieties were created from around 5000 crosses. Hans Hachmann's innovations have been on show at state and federal horticultural shows for many years and have received numerous awards. That is why rhododendron enthusiasts from all over the world like to travel to Barmstedt to visit the rhododendron comparison garden of the Hachmann tree nursery.
Rhododendron varieties by Hans Hachmann can be found not only in private gardens, but also in many botanical gardens in Europe, for example in the Hamburg Botanical Garden , the Botanical Garden of the University of Bergen (Norway) and in the city of Bergen itself, in the Milde Arboretum, Norway , in the Botanical Garden Frankfurt am Main and the Palmengarten Frankfurt as well as in the Lausitzer Foundlingspark Nochten .
Hans Hachmann also made a name for himself beyond the borders of Germany. His rhododendron breeds are particularly popular in Northern Europe and the USA. In many countries licensees are now producing varieties by Hans Hachmann for their domestic market (Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Great Britain, France, Poland, Czech Republic, USA, Brazil, Australia and New Zealand).
In addition to rhododendrons, Hans Hachmann's breeding work also includes Potentilla fruticosa and Ilex varieties.
Hans Hachmann died on March 5, 2004 while on vacation on the island of Sylt . The Hachmann tree nursery is currently run in the third generation by his son Holger Hachmann, who continues to grow rhododendrons. One of his own rhododendron breeds was christened 'Hans Hachmann' in 2009.
Rhododendron Cultures
Large-flowered hybrids
When breeding new rhododendron hybrids, Hans Hachmann attached particular importance to sufficient winter hardiness, pure, bright flower colors, abundance of flowers, unusual flowering times, large flowers, beautiful, healthy, leafy foliage plants with a good structure, low compact growing varieties, extensive lime tolerance, fragrance, plant health and flowering duration.
Rhododendron yakushimanum hybrids (Rhod.yakushimanum)
In 1962, Hans Hachmann received a young plant from Great Britain, the Rhododendron yakushimanum, which was only introduced from the southern Japanese island of Yakushima in 1934 . Their extraordinary winter hardiness of −30 ° to −35 ° C corresponded to one of his highest breeding goals. That is why Hans Hachmann crossed this species with large-flowered varieties. From these crossings, 38 Rhododendron yakushimanum hybrids emerged, which are characterized by both the beauty of the flower and the particular winter hardiness.
Wild species / hybrids
Wild rhododendron species are found mainly in Central Asia in countries such as China, Tibet, Nepal, India, Korea, Japan, the Caucasus and North America. The second generation of breeders in particular is working on their genetic potential.
Japanese azaleas (Rhod. Obtusum)
The vernacular speaks misleadingly here of azaleas, the botanist also counts this group among the rhododendrons. With this rhododendron species, Hans Hachmann directed his main attention to winter hardiness (at least −20 ° C). Japanese azaleas are neither deciduous nor evergreen, but "evergreen". The ability to keep as much leaves as possible in winter was a second breeding goal of Hans Hachmann. Compact growth, sun resistance of the flower, expansion of the flower color spectrum and ease of care were further breeding criteria that he pursued.
Knap Hill Azaleas (Rhod.luteum)
The optimization of the deciduous azaleas was also part of Hachmann's diverse breeding program. His main focus was in this type of winter hardiness and the better propagation of the varieties. Its best-known selections are the fireworks, gold topaz and nabucco varieties.
Lime tolerant INKARHO® rhododendrons
In the development of lime-tolerant rhododendrons, Hans Hachmann worked closely with the Federal Research Institute for Horticultural Plant Breeding in Ahrensburg. Together, root-strong, lime-tolerant finishing documents were created that are also suitable for less favorable soils, such as clay or loam soils.
Honors
Hans Hachmann's rhododendron varieties have received high ratings and awards at horticultural exhibitions at home and abroad since 1979. Overall, the Zentralverband Gartenbau e. V. Rhododendron cultivations by Hans Hachmann at federal and state horticultural shows with 166 gold medals, as well as 76 in silver and 12 in bronze.
- October 19, 1985: Georg Arends commemorative coin (award in the presence of the Federal Chancellor on the occasion of the Federal Garden Show in Berlin)
- 1991: Honorary membership of the German Rhododendron Society
- July 19, 1992: Cross of Merit on the ribbon of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
- 1996: Gold Medal of the American Rhododendron Society on the occasion of the annual conference in Oban / Scotland
- 1999: Loderer Rhododendron Challenge Cup of the Royal Horticultural Society
- 2001: Award of Garden Merit of the Royal Horticultural Society for the varieties 'Fantastica', 'Hachmanns Marlis', 'Rendezvous' and 'Tatjana'
Memberships
- Association of German Tree Nurseries (here active in the “Breeding and Nomenclature” and “Evergreens and Conifers” committees)
- German Rhododendron Society
- American Rhododendron Society
- Pagan society
- German Dendrological Society
literature
- Passion for rhododendrons: Range book 2009–2013 . Hachmann, Barmstedt 2009.
- Helga Panten: Plant collectors and their passion: 34 portraits - tips - addresses. With a foreword by Loki Schmidt . Köllen, Bonn 2009, ISBN 978-3-88579-145-4 , Du mit Dien neemodschen Kram ..., Hans Hachmann und seine Rhododendren, p. 95-99 .
- Hartwig Schepker, Odo Tschetsch: Rhododendron 'Hans Hachmann' . In: Rhododendron and Immergrüne: Yearbook / German Rhododendron Society . tape 7 , 2009, ISSN 0482-9905 , p. 55-56 .
- Gerald Dixon: The Hachmann Legacy . In: Rhododendrons with Camellias and Magnolias . The Royal Horticultural Society, 2005, ISSN 0269-5561 , p. 58-60 .
- Andreas Bärtels: Rhododendron by Hans Hachmann . In: gardening practice . tape 30 , March 2004, ISSN 0341-2105 , p. 13-20 . (This article appeared one day before the sudden death of Hans Hachmann. The article thus became a kind of obituary, in which the life's work of the breeder is described in a comprehensive way.)
- Obituary: Hans Hachmann died on March 5th . In: Rhododendron and evergreen deciduous trees: Yearbook / German Rhododendron Society . 2004, ISSN 0482-9905 , p. 92-99 .
- Gerhard Röbbelen (Ed.): Biographical lexicon for the history of plant breeding . Episode 2. Ges. For Plant Breeding, AG History of Plant Breeding, Göttingen 2002, Hachmann, Hans gärtn. Plant Breeder, S. 110-111 .
- Walter Schmalscheidt: Rhododendron and azalea breeding in Germany . 2nd revised and expanded edition. Part 2 (1930-1990). Gartenbild Heinz Hansmann, Rinteln 1991, ISBN 3-928521-00-4 , Hans Hachmann, a rhododendron breeder out of passion, p. 115-165 .
- Gerhard Stück: Hans Hachmann - A life for rhododendrons . In: Rhododendron and evergreen deciduous trees: Yearbook / German Rhododendron Society . 1990, ISSN 0482-9905 , pp. 7-84 .
- The long way to even more beautiful rhododendrons . In: My beautiful garden . 1984, ISSN 0178-1308 , pp. 8-11 .
- Gerhard Stück: Rhododendron hybrids from Holstein . In: Rhododendron and evergreen deciduous trees: Yearbook / German Rhododendron Society . 1983, ISSN 0482-9905 , p. 59-99 .
- H. Maethe: There is no getting around Barmstedt . In: German tree nursery . tape 33 , no. 9 , 1981, ISSN 0011-992X , pp. 378-401 .
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Hachmann, Hans |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German plant breeder |
| DATE OF BIRTH | April 5, 1930 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Barmstedt |
| DATE OF DEATH | March 5, 2004 |
| Place of death | Westerland |