Hasbergen (Delmenhorst)
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Hasbergen
District-free city of Delmenhorst
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| Height : | 7 m | |
| Area : | 20.03 km² | |
| Residents : | 2442 (Nov. 30, 1973) | |
| Population density : | 122 inhabitants / km² | |
| Incorporation : | March 1, 1974 | |
| Postal code : | 27751 | |
| Area code : | 04221 | |
Location of Hasbergen in Lower Saxony |
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Hasbergen is a district of the city of Delmenhorst in Lower Saxony . Until the incorporation on May 1, 1974, Hasbergen formed the municipality Hasbergen together with the surrounding villages. However, after the municipality was dissolved as a regional body, the Hasbergen parish was retained.
geography
Geographical location
Hasbergen comprises the northeastern part of the city of Delmenhorst and is located on a ridge surrounded by marshland . The district is in close proximity to the western border of the city of Bremen and about 35 kilometers east of Oldenburg . The place is traversed by the Delme, which flows into the Ochtum flowing to the Weser . Due to the low location as well as the influence of the tide and the incoming water from the Oberland, the region is very vulnerable to flooding. The community area consists of around 50% grassland and 30% arable land. Forests, bodies of water and built-up areas make up the rest.
Former districts
The former municipality of Hasbergen consisted of the following localities or farmers : Deichhausen, Sandhausen, Neuendeel, Hasbergen, Schohasbergen, Iprump and Stickgras.
Landscape and townscape
Hasbergen can be divided into three areas, the Mühlenende (Möhlenende) in the west, the Mitteldorf (Mitteldorp) and the Kirchende (Karkende) in the east. In terms of the building structure, there is a clustered village in the mill area , to which a street village is attached to the east . Research suggests that the clustered village is the older part and that the street village, at the east end of which the church is located, arose from later settlement. In the area of the mill, the Delme flows north from Delmenhorst to the Ochtum.
The villages of Brückenesch, Schohasbergen, Brandhöfen and Hullen join to the southeast of Hasbergen. Schohasbergen originated as an elder colony in the form of a row village . To protect against flooding, the courtyards were built on Wurten , which can still be seen today. The localities are surrounded by arable and pasture land in the north as far as Ochtum and in the south as far as Heidkruger Bäke. Further south you reach Tannen and Iprump on the Bremer Heerstraße.
To the north of Hasbergen, the village of Neuendeel and, a little further west, the Hemmelskamp estate, located in a wooded area, adjoin. Numerous brakes around the settlement indicate past storm surges. This landscape continues north to Sandhausen. The neighboring town of Sandhausen is in the north of Deichhausen, which is located on the transition to the marshland in the Wesermarsch . In addition, Deichhausen is located in the area of the former border fortifications of the Stedinger Land . The entire settlement belt from Hasbergen to Deichhausen is accompanied to the east by a dike along the Ochtum.
history
Old urn graves and other prehistoric finds indicate that the first people settled in the region as early as the Stone Age. At the time of the Great Migration, the Saxons settled in Northern Europe and partly remained sedentary. At the end of the 8th century, the Franks under Charlemagne conquered the empire of Saxony and introduced the Christian faith. The land was divided into dioceses and the region around Hasbergen was subordinated to the diocese of Bremen.
From the 11th century, Bremen became a trading center. Numerous immigrants from the Netherlands came to the region via trade routes and made the swampy marshland around Hasbergen colonizable. In the course of several regional reforms, Hasbergen was first mentioned in a settlement agreement on September 3, 1142.
The Stedingers, settled northwest of Hasbergen, refused to make payments to the Archbishopric of Bremen, whereupon the Archbishop of Bremen Gerhard II condemned the Stedingers as heretics and called for a crusade. In the battle of Altenesch in 1234 the Stedinger were defeated and in the following years the border towns of Ochtum, Deichhausen and Sandhausen were attached to Hasbergen. After the Stedinger War, the Schlutterburg was rebuilt and the “de Horst” manor in the Delmen lowlands was expanded into a fortified castle and the county of Delmenhorst was first mentioned in 1254.
Around 1142 Hasbergen separated from the Ganderkesee parish and became an independent broadcasting community to which the county of Delmenhorst also belonged. After the construction of the St. Mary's Chapter in Delmenhorst in 1285 and with the death of Hasberg pastor Johannes de Siden, the Hasbergen parish was subordinated to the Delmenhorst Church around 1350. In a road contract of 1311, at Delmenhorst's request, the Flemish trade route, which originally led through Hasbergen to Bremen, was now diverted through Delmenhorst, which meant a deterioration in trade relations for Hasbergen. In Hasbergen a customs post was built on the Varrelgraben. In 1380 the St. Laurentius Church in Hasbergen was consecrated.
The village of Schohasbergen was first mentioned in 1417. The watermill is mentioned for the first time in the Oldenburger Saalbuch around 1450. In 1450 the robber baron Count Gerd took control of Delmenhorst. The trade relations between the Hanseatic League and Delmenhorst broke off due to frequent robberies of merchants. In 1463 Gerd attacked, looted and pillaged the community of Hasbergen. After numerous siege attempts, in which Hasbergen was not spared, troops from the Hanseatic cities succeeded in taking Delmenhorst Castle in 1482. Count Gerd was sent into exile and the county of Delmenhorst came under Munster rule.
In a conquest campaign by Count Christoph von Oldenburg in 1538, large parts of Delmenhorst and Hasbergen were destroyed and burned down. It is reported that around 40 houses and the mill were killed in the fire. The place name Brandhöfen probably originated from these events.
In 1547 Count Anton I of Oldenburg was able to take Delmenhorst with the support of Emperor Karl V. Delmenhorst fell again under Oldenburg rule. In 1597, after an inheritance dispute, Delmenhorst separated from Oldenburg again under the rule of Count Anton II, then returned in 1647 after the death of Count Christian IX. back to the county of Oldenburg.
During the Thirty Years' War , Hasbergen was frequented by looters, especially in 1622 and 1623. In 1655 the parishes of Stuhr, Hasbergen, Ganderkesee, Schönemoor and Hude were attacked by the plague. For fear of a possible reconquest of Delmenhorst by the Bishop of Münster, Count Anton-Günther from Oldenburg sought help from the Danish royal family. However, there was no attack. Count Anton-Günther died in 1667 and the two counties of Oldenburg and Delmenhorst fell to the Danish royal family. At the end of the French conquest in 1679, large stretches of land, including Hasbergen, were heavily destroyed and looted, in 1700 this happened again by Swedish armies in the Northern War.
Due to war burdens, Denmark pledged the county of Delmenhorst to the Electorate of Hanover for 20 years in 1711 and received it back in 1731. In 1773 the county of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst was transferred to Duke Friedrich August von Lübeck and Oldenburg was made a duchy. From the middle of the 18th century Hasbergen developed into a stronghold of cork tailoring (Proppensnieder) in Northern Germany. After the French Revolution in 1789, the war expanded into the Duchy of Oldenburg in 1795. Between 1811 and 1813 Delmenhorst was occupied by French armies. After a new division of the administrative districts, Hasbergen became a parish again in the Delmenhorst district .
After the end of the First World War , the Hasbergen Energy Center (EZH) was founded and the community was connected to the power grid. In March 1927 the Hasbergen Volunteer Fire Brigade was founded. From 1933 Hasbergen was together with the municipalities of Stuhr and Schönemoor the greater municipality of Hasbergen. In the course of the political reorganization of Germany after the Second World War , the large municipality of Hasbergen was dissolved in 1948, the municipality of Hasbergen now belonged to the district of Oldenburg. Hasbergen was incorporated into the city of Delmenhorst on March 1, 1974 through a regional reform. In 1978 Delmenhorst's freedom of district was confirmed. In 1992 the Hasbergen community celebrated its 850th anniversary.
Origin of the place name
The name Hasbergen was first mentioned in a document in 1142 and has retained its original form to this day. Some variations of the name that have emerged in the course of history are e.g. B. Hasberche, Hasenberghe, Haspergen and Haßbergen. At the end of the 15th century there was also the name Kerkhasbergen to distinguish it from Schadehasbergen, today's Schohasbergen. There are different interpretations for the origin of the name Hasbergen. A legend from the collection of legends of Ludwig Strackerjan from 1867 is the most widespread. According to this story, during a storm surge, a horse with a foal, followed by a pack of wolves, escaped through the waves to safety on a hill. The church is located on the said hill today. The name Hasbergen is therefore composed of the word part "Has", which is derived from the English horse and translated means horse or steed, as well as from "mountain", ie the hill. Hasbergen loosely translated means Rossberg. If you refer to the Low German term “Hasbargen”, the second part of the word can also be derived from “to bergen”, since the horses hid themselves from the wolves. The name Hasbergen can also be found in a village south of Osnabrück and written with ß in a village near Nienburg.
Legends and anecdotes
In addition to the legend about the horse that jumped out of the floods onto a hill from which the place name originated, there are a number of other traditional legends and stories that accompany community life in cultural, political and religious terms.
The Steller church door
Between 1230 and 1400 there was a village called Stelle in Bremer Vieland. The Steller were not welcomed in Hasbergen and so it was decided to integrate a separate entrance door for visitors from Stelle into the north wall of the church. This door, however, was so low that the steller could only enter it with their heads bowed (reverently). After numerous alterations and renovations, the former church door is no longer there.
Say about the church bells
Another legend is about the bells in the Hasberg church tower. According to this legend, the devil once told the sexton to ring the church bells at midnight (one of the three bells was not consecrated). When the sexton refused, the devil himself did so during the night. Surprised by the sexton, the devil fled with the unconsecrated bell and sank it in the Thölenmeer near Hasport, where it is said to still be lying on the bottom.
The cannon ball in the church wall
In the 17th century the church was shot at by Bremen cannons. According to legend, this happened because the people of Bremen wanted the church bell, but the Hasbergers did not want to give it away. A cannonball flew into the church wall, another is said to have hit the bell and thrown it into the lake near Hasport. The story represents another assumption about the whereabouts of the church bell. To commemorate this event, the ball has been walled into the choir wall.
Storm surge 1962
The storm surge in 1962 caused severe damage to what was then the municipality of Hasbergen and flooded a large part of the municipality. Due to timely warnings there were no human lives to complain about, but the water penetrated into stables and residential buildings due to insufficiently high surcharges and led to livestock losses. The cemetery wall and the damming of the watermill on the Delme were also flooded . The connecting road from the Deichhausen district to Bremen-Strom was completely destroyed. The highest water level in the village was determined in the early morning hours of February 17, 1962 at +4.43 meters above sea level at the Varreler Bäke in the district of Iprump.
religion
The parish of Hasbergen is Evangelical-Lutheran and consists of the parish districts of Hasbergen, Stickgras and Bungerhof. It belongs to the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Oldenburg . Each parish has its own church. The St. Laurentius Church is in Hasbergen, the Emmaus Chapel in Bungerhof and the Luther Church in Stickgras.
politics
Local council
Hasbergen has been a part of the independent city of Delmenhorst since its incorporation in 1974 and is administered from Delmenhorst. Hasbergen is the only part of Delmenhorst that elects its own local council. The local council was set up in the course of the incorporation as a replacement for the Hasberg municipal council in order to give the Hasbergers certain rights of co-decision and hearing on political issues that affect the village. The local council consists of 13 council members who are directly elected every five years. The chairman is the local mayor, whom the local council elects from among its members.
Local mayor
- Wolfhard Köhler (CDU): since 2014
- Friedrich Tönjes (CDU): 2006–2014
coat of arms
The former coat of arms of the Hasbergen community is still used today as a distinguishing mark. Until the 1930s, the municipality did not have its own coat of arms. Since people resisted the national emblem of the NSDAP in the time of National Socialism , they looked for an alternative and remembered a tombstone of the Borchert Plate family (around 1743) in the Hasberg cemetery, which bears a portrait of a horse the water jumps on a hill. Nothing is known about the origin of this family coat of arms, but clear parallels to the old legend are unmistakable. It was decided to show the motif on the future municipal coat of arms.
Culture and sights
architecture
The townscape of Hasbergen and the surrounding peasantry is determined not only by the landscape but also primarily by the architecture of the buildings. Between the normal houses there is a large number of old farms with half-timbered houses . This type of building, also known as the Lower Saxony house, was built around the 13th century and is common in northern Germany. They are so-called single houses , which combine living quarters and stables in one building. Some of these farms in Hasbergen are hundreds of years old and are listed as historical monuments.
Attractions
St. Laurentius Church in Hasbergen
The St. Laurentius Church in Hasbergen was consecrated to St. Laurentius in 1380. It cannot be assigned to a clear architectural style, as it has constantly changed over the course of time due to frequent rebuilding and renovation measures. The building consists of a nave with a gable roof and a straight choir extension and a square church tower that adjoins the west side. The interior of the nave measures 24.20 m in length and 7.25 m in width. The tower has an inner surface of 4.50 by 4.50 m. A cannonball is walled into the choir wall . It reminds of the bombardment of the church by Bremen cannons in the 17th century. In 1912, the tombstone of the first pastor of the parish, Johannes de Siden, was exposed during renovation work. This stone is the oldest tombstone found in northern Germany to date.
Hasbergen museum mill
One of the symbols of the village is the mill. The watermill, located on the Delme, was first mentioned in the Oldenburg Hall Book around 1450. In 1538 it fell victim to fire during the conquest of Count Christian von Oldenburg and burned it down. When the county of Delmenhorst again belonged to the county of Oldenburg after the reconquest by Count Anton I in 1547, the Oldenburg coat of arms was attached to the east wall of the mill. In 1899 the fulling mill on the other side of the river was demolished. In 1939 a flood destroyed the waterwheel and parts of the dam. A renewal was initially not possible due to the war. From the 1950s onwards, a turbine was used to replace the electric drive until the mill was shut down in 1986. The mill has housed a museum since 1991. The historical main building contains a completely preserved and functional mill facility, in the extension various exhibitions deal with the history of the mill and the regional history. The museum is run by Dörfergemeinschaft Hasbergen e. V. supervised.
Associations and institutions
- Hasbergen volunteer fire brigade, founded in 1927. The first captain was the teacher Theodor Meyer. The Hasbergen fire brigade has been part of the Delmenhorst volunteer fire brigade since 1974 and has the northern fire fighting district of the city as its operational area.
- The Hasbergen village community is dedicated to the cultural and social area of the community. In addition to organizing events, the village community also participates in projects to shape the community and looks after the museum mill.
- The Hasberger Verkehrsverein was founded in 1996 to take over the organization of the Hökermarkt, which has been taking place since the 850th anniversary in 1992. In addition, the tourist office organizes regular village tours.
- Other clubs and institutions are u. a. the Schützenverein Neuendeel, the sports club TuS Hasbergen and the Canoe Club Hasbergen. In addition, the church maintains a wind group and a choir and offers child and youth care.
Regular events
The Hökermarkt was held for the first time in 1992 as part of the village's 850th anniversary and has become an annual event. It stretches the entire length of the village street and receives around 20,000 visitors every year.
Others
In the mid-1990s, an episode of the NDR talk show Talk op Platt was broadcast from Hasbergen.
literature
- Kurt Müsegades: Hasbergen - A Millennium Community History . Published by the municipality of Hasbergen in 1974.
- Kurt Müsegades: 850 years Hasbergen . Festschrift for the 850th anniversary of Hasbergen, 1992.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 274 .
- ^ Günther Traeger: The storm surge from 16./17. February 1962 in the state of Bremen . In: The Coast , Vol. 10, Issue 1, Heide 1962
- ^ Hasbergen parish
- ↑ Main statute of the city of Delmenhorst - §4 Local Council ( Memento of the original from November 1, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed March 23, 2015
- ^ City of Delmenhorst - Culture & Education - Museum Mill. In: delmenhorst.de. Archived from the original on February 26, 2012 ; Retrieved February 25, 2012 .
Brendel / Adelheide | Bungerhof (with Deichhausen, Neuendeel, Hasbergen , Schönemoorer Straße, Deichhäuser Heide) | Deichhorst | Dark place | Dwoberg / Ströhen | Hasport / Annenheide | Iprump / stick grass | Middle | Schafkoven / Donneresch | Stickgras / Annenriede