House rear
The Heck house is an old knight's seat that is located in the Werden district of Essen in the Heckstraße named after him. As one of the first buildings of the former Rhine province was in 1910 by the provincial conservator Paul Clemen under monument protection provided.
description
Haus Heck is a simple, almost square building with a floor plan measuring around 11.85 × 11.85 meters and a small, 1.35 × 2.25 meter extension on the northern part of its west side, the first floor was probably used as a toilet. The two floors of the building are of a gable roof finished and have wall thicknesses of up to 1.10 meters. At the southeast corner of the house is a mighty, three- story round tower crowned by a polygonal helmet. The tower, whose walls are about 70 cm thick, measures about six meters in diameter. Quarry stones from the local Ruhr sandstone were used as building material for both buildings . Older publications often state that the round tower is the oldest part of the house and probably dates back to the 11th century. However, an old engraving by Frans Hogenberg from 1581 shows the square building, but there is no round tower at all. The execution of the masonry and the smaller wall thickness compared to the main house speak against it.
The current window openings of the tower were only broken out in 1929 in place of the loopholes at that time. In the basement of the house, which used to be the basement of the building, original medieval barrel vaults have been preserved. The well-preserved mosaic floors from the first quarter of the 19th century are considered to be the most important interior decoration in terms of art history.
history
The exact date of construction of the house is unknown because no documents received can provide information. It was first mentioned in a document in 1390 as "dat hys an der Hecghe", but a knight Heinrich von Hecga appeared as early as 1259 . In 1412 there was another documentary mention of the house, this time in a fiefdom register of Werden Abbey . “Hys an der Hecghe” stood for a wall that was planted with hedges and thus clarified the function of the building: it was part of the fortification system of Becoming. In a town fire in 1498, it was probably destroyed, as were numerous other buildings in Werden, because in 1572 the building was in ruins, which can also be seen in a picture from 1581 and is referred to there as the "Castri Hegge ruins". It provides information on the former building stock: It was a two-part system consisting of a main castle and an approximately equal outer bailey , which were connected by a wall and an archway.
As early as 1599, Dietrich von der Hoven and his wife Margarethe von Oefte could have started to rebuild the building, because a chimney still preserved inside shows this year. The Werden abbot Adolph von Borcken acquired the property for his monastery and had it converted into his residence around 1669. After the secularization in 1803, the Heck house fell to Prussia and from 1805 to 1829 was the seat of the Ruhr Customs Inspection , which raised the lock fees for the ships on the Ruhr .
The cloth manufacturer Mathias Wiese purchased the building from the Prussian government in 1829 for 3,000 thalers . His family remained the owners until 1960 when they sold it to the Catholic parish of St. Ludgerus . In 1966 they sold it to the Evangelical Church Community of Essen-Werden . She has been using the building as a parish hall since 1980, which was rebuilt and restored from 1980 to 1981 while retaining the historical substance .
literature
- Justus Böving: Castles and palaces on the Ruhr . Scholz, Mülheim-Heißen 1990 ( Heimatkundliche Hefte . Volume 4), p. 34.
- Ingo Gutenberger: mansions in Essen . Tosch, Essen 1978 ( Essener Heimatbücher . Volume 2).
- Detlef Hopp : Castles in Werden . In: Kai Niederhöfer (Red.): Burgen AufRuhr. On the way to 100 castles, palaces and mansions in the Ruhr region . Klartext Verlag , Essen 2010, ISBN 978-3-8375-0234-3 , here p. 204.
- Detlef Hopp: Heck house. In: Detlef Hopp, Bianca Khil, Elke Schneider (eds.): Burgenland Essen. Castles, palaces and permanent houses in Essen . Klartext Verlag, Essen 2017, ISBN 978-3-8375-1739-2 , pp. 46–49.
- Herbert Schmitz: Knights, knights ... and yet not a castle. The history of the aristocratic house Heck . In: Historischer Verein Werden (ed.): Stories from the Werden history . Volume 3. 2005, pp. 9-26.
Web links
References and comments
- ↑ a b D. Hopp: Burgen in Werden , p. 204.
- ↑ At least this is what Detlef Hopp suspects in his contribution. However, a copper engraving by Matthäus Merian from the Topographia Westphaliae published in 1647 shows the Heck house still in ruins.
- ↑ rheinruhronline.de , accessed on October 7th.
Coordinates: 51 ° 23 '27.8 " N , 7 ° 0' 5.5" E