House Lara

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The Lara House was one of the five most important families of the medieval Kingdom of Castile between the late 11th and mid-14th centuries, with enormous influence both here and in the Kingdom of León . Numerous possessions in Castile, León, Andalusia and Galicia made it possible for her to have a stabilizing and destabilizing effect on the country's politics. As grandees of Spain from 1520, they held the titles of Duke of Nájera and Margrave of Aguilar de Campoo . The ancestral lands ( Tierra de Lara ) lie in the southeastern area of ​​today's province of Burgos ; there is also an administrative unit ( comarca ) with the name Alfoz de Lara , which however only includes part of the former territory.

Coat of arms of the House of Lara

origin

The chronicler Luis de Salazar y Castro (1658–1734) sees the Lara family as descendants of the Counts of Castile . However, this connection has not been proven (Piferrer, see below), but may be possible in the female line. Historians and genealogists agree that the ancestor of the Gonzalo Núñez family (* around 1052, † after 1105) is the first attested owner of the "Alfoz de Lara" - a temporary property and not personal property, as they are not considered Señores de Lara occur. The active participation of Lara's owners in the Reconquista brought them close ties with the royal family as well as - based on a narrowly defined area southeast of Burgos - their extensive property in Castile, Galicia, León and Andalusia.

history

In the 12th century, Pedro González de Lara maintained close relations with Queen Urraca of León-Castile († 1126) and then stood in opposition to Alfonso VII (1130). Rodrigo González de Lara , his brother, in turn alienated himself from the monarch through the plundering of the Andalusian counties, although he was later his support in the fight against the Almoravids . Manrique Pérez de Lara, Álvar Pérez and Nuño Pérez de Lara had great influence in the reign during the minority of Alfonso VIII († 1214). Álvar Núñez de Lara was the regent of Henry I († 1217), Nuño González de Lara served Ferdinand III. († 1252) and Alfonso X († 1284), but also led a nobility opposition to the king in 1270. Juan Núñez de Lara el Mayor, sovereign lord of Albarracín , opposed the coronation of Sancho IV and fled to France. Juan Núñez de Lara was the head of several uprisings against Alfonso XI. († 1350).

Finally, the family that Henry II († 1379) had supported, was expropriated by Peter I († 1369), but got their possessions back when Henry ascended the throne. The house of Lara was also behind Isabella I in her dispute with Joanna of Castile (Juana la Beltraneja) .

The only branch of this extensive family who came to high titles, was the offspring Manrique de Lara, as grandees of Spain, the Castilian title of Duque de Najera, Marqués de Aguilar de Campoo, Conde de Paredes de Nava , Conde de Osorno led and including the writers Gómez Manrique and Jorge Manrique , numerous church princes and a number of knights of the Order of the Golden Fleece . The Conde de Paredes de Nava served as Master of the Order of Jacob .

In 1520, Emperor Charles V made the House of Lara or its most outstanding representatives grandees of Spain: the Duke of Nájera and the Marqués de Aguilar del Campoo.

Tribe list

  1. Nuño / Munio
    1. Don Gonzalo Núñez de Lara , † after 1105; ∞ Doña Goto
      1. Doña Teresa González;
      2. Don Pedro González de Lara , X 1130 Bayonne , Alférez of Castile 1089-1091 and 1107-1109; ∞ Doña Eva, widow of Conde Don García Ordóñez, † after 1147, possibly daughter of Aimery II. (Almanricus) Vice Count of Rochechouart ( House of Rochechouart ), son of Eva of Angoulême ( House of Taillefer ); Don Pedro González was the lover of Queen Doña Urraca, Queen of Castile and León , daughter of King Alfonso VI. ( House Jiménez )
        1. Don Manrique (Almanricus) Pérez de Lara, X 1164, from 1158 regent during the minority of King Alfonso VIII of Castile ; ∞ Ermesinde de Narbonne, daughter of Aimery II. Vice Count of Narbonne and Ermesinde, † 1177 - descendants see house Manrique de Lara
        2. Don Álvaro Pérez de Lara, † 1172
        3. Doña Mayor Pérez de Lara, † before 1147
        4. Don Nuño Pérez de Lara, † 1177, Alférez of King Alfonso VII 1145–1155; ∞ Doña Teresa Fernández de Traba, daughter of Don Fernando de Traba Conde de Trastámara , she became the lover and in 1179 the wife of Ferdinand II , King of León ( House of Burgundy-Ivrea )
          1. Don Álvaro Núñez de Lara, † 1219, Alférez of King Alfonso VIII of Castile 1199–1201 and 1208–1217, Señor de Lara, Lerma y Pancorbo; ∞ Doña Urraca Díaz de Haro, daughter of Don Diego López Conde de Haro, Señor Soberano de Vizcaya
            1. Don Rodrigo Álvarez de Lara
            2. (illegitimate, mother: Terese Gil de Osorno) Fernando; ∞ Teresa Rodríguez de Villalobos
            3. (illegitimate, mother: Terese Gil de Osorno) Gonzalo
            4. (illegitimate, mother: Terese Gil de Osorno) Rodrigo
            5. (illegitimate, mother: Terese Gil de Osorno) Nuño
          2. Don Fernando Núñez de Lara, † in exile in Marrakech 1217, Alférez of Alfons VIII , King of Castile , 1187–1188 and 1201–1205, Señor de Castrogeriz; ∞ Doña Mayor González, daughter of Conde Don Gonzalo Rodríguez de Bureba
            1. Don Álvaro Núñez de Lara, † 1239, Señor de Lara; ∞ Doña María Alfonso de León, † after 1252, illegitimate daughter of Don Alfons IX. , King of León , and Doña Teresa Gil de Soverosa, and lover of their nephew Alfonso X of Castile
              1. Son (Don Rodrigo Álvarez de Lara) Señor de Alcalá; ∞ Doña Sancha Díaz
                1. Doña Sancha Rodríguez de Lara; ∞ Don Pedro Álvarez de Asturias Señor de Noreña,
              2. Doña Teresa Álvarez de Lara; ∞ Don Diego López de Haro, illegitimate son of Don Lope Díaz de Haro Señor Soberano de Vizcaya
            2. Don Fernando Fernández
            3. Doña Sancha Fernández; ∞ Infante Dom Fernando de Portugal, son of Alfonso II , King of Portugal ( House of Burgundy (Portugal) )
            4. Doña Benita Fernández; ∞ Ponce (IV.) Count of Ampurias ,
            5. Doña teresa Fernández; ∞ Ponce (IV.) Count of Ampurias ,
          3. Don Gonzalo Núñez de Lara, † after 1225, Alférez of Alfons IX. , King of León , 1220, Señor de Belorado; ∞ I Doña Jimena Menéndez; ∞ II Doña María Díaz de Haro, daughter of Don Diego López Conde de Haro, Señor Soberano de Vizcaya
            1. Don Nuño Gonzalez de Lara “el Bueno”, X 1275; ∞ Doña Teresa Alfonso, illegitimate daughter of Don Alfonso Infante de Castilla Señor de Molina ( House of Burgundy-Ivrea )
              1. Don Juan Núñez "el Gordo" de Lara, † 1276, Señor de Lara
              2. Don Álvaro, † 1287
              3. Don Juan Núñez de Lara, † 1294; ∞ I Doña Teresa Álvarez de Azagra Señora de Albarracín, daughter of Don Álvaro Pérez de Azagra, Señor de Albarracín; ∞ II Doña Teresa Díaz de Haro, daughter of Don Diego López de Haro Señor Soberano de Vizcaya , Señor de Haro
                1. (I) Doña Terresa Núñez de Lara, † 1314; ∞ Don Alfonso de Castilla Señor de Valencia de Campos y Mansilla, son of Infante Don Juan de Castilla y León Señor de Valencia de Campos ( House Burgundy-Ivrea )
                2. (II) Don Juan Núñez de Lara "el Menor", † after 1315, Señor de Lara y Albarracín; ∞ I Doña Isabel Alfonso de Molina, daughter of Don Alfonso Fernández Niño; ∞ II Doña María Díaz de Haro, daughter of Juan Infante de Castilla Señor de Valencia ( House of Burgundy-Ivrea ) and Doña María Díaz de Haro Señora Soberana de Vizcaya , † before 1299; ∞ III Doña María Díaz de Haro, Señora de Tordehumos, daughter of Don Diego López de Haro, Señor Soberano de Vizcaya, Señor de Haro
                3. (II) Don Nuño González de Lara, † 1296; ∞ Dona Costança de Portugal, daughter of Infante Dom Afonso de Portugal Senhor de Portalegre ( House of Burgundy (Portugal) )
                4. (II) Doña Juana Núñez de Lara "la Palomilla", * 1286, † June 12, 1351, Señora de Lerma, Villafranca, Dueñas, Fuente-Empudia, Torrelobatón and Herrera; 1315 Señora de Lara and Vizcaya ; In 1291 engaged to Infante Don Alfonso de Castilla y León, son of Don Don Sancho IV. "El Bravo" , King of Castile and Laón , † 1291 ( House of Burgundy-Ivrea ); ∞ I Infante Don Enrique de Castilla y León, "el Senador", son of Don Fernando III. "el Santo" King of Castile ( House of Burgundy-Ivrea ); ∞ II Infante Don Fernando de la Cerda de Castilla , son of Infante Don Fernando "él de la Cerda" de Castilla y León ( House of Burgundy-Ivrea ) - The descendants from their second marriage took the surname Lara
              4. Teresa Núñez; ∞ Gil Gómez de Aza Señor de Roa
              5. María Núñez; ∞ Diego Gomez de Roa
            2. Doña Leonor González; ∞ Rodrigo Guerau de Castro, Señor de Cigales,
            3. Doña Teresa González, † 1246; ∞ Infante Don Alfonso de León Señor de Molina, son of Don Alfonso IX. , King of León , † 1272 ( House of Burgundy-Ivrea )
          4. Doña Leonor Núñez de Lara
          5. Doña Sancha Núñez de Lara, † 1210; ∞ Infante Don Sancho de Aragón , Count of Roussillon and Cerdagne , son of Ramón Berenguer IV. Count of Barcelona ( House of Barcelona )
          6. Doña Teresa Núñez de Lara
          7. Doña María Núñez de Lara, † after 1197, abbess of Perales
        5. Don Rodrigo Pérez de Lara, † before 1147
        6. Doña María Pérez de Lara
        7. Doña Milia Pérez de Lara, † before 1186; ∞ Don Gómez González de Manzanedo, † 1182
        8. (illegitimate) Doña Elvira Pérez de Lara, † after 1174; ∞ I Don García Pérez de Traba Señor de Trastámara; ∞ II Conde Don Beltrán de Riseñoral Señor de Carrión,
        9. (illegitimate) Don Fernando Pérez de Lara "Furtado", † after 1156; ∞ Doña Guyomar Alonso
          1. Don Pedro Fernández Furtado, † 1184
          2. Doña Leonor Fernández de Lara, Señora de Mendivil, Martioda, Escarrona y Cueto; ∞ Don Diego López de Mendoza Señor de la casa de Mendoza
      3. Don Rodrigo González de Lara , † after 1143; ∞ I 1120/22 Infanta Doña Sancha de Castilla, daughter of Don Alfons VI. , King of Castile and León , † after 1125 ( House of Jiménez ); ∞ II 1135 Doña Estefania de Urgel, daughter of Armengol (V.) Count of Urgell
        1. Don Pedro Rodriguez, † 1180; ∞ Doña Mencia López, daughter of Don Lope Díaz Conde de Haro, Señor Soberano de Vizcaya
        2. Doña Elvira Rodríguez de Lara, † 1159; ∞ Armengol (VI.) El Castellano, Count of Urgell , † 1154
        3. daughter
      4. Doña Muñina
      5. Doña Visclavara
      6. Doña María González, † after 1109; ∞ Íñigo Jiménez Señor de los Cameros

literature

  • Luis Salazar y Castro: Historia genealógica de la Casa de Lara . 4 volumes, Madrid 1694–1697.
  • Antonio Sánchez de Mora: La nobleza castellana en la plena Edad Media: el linaje de Lara (see XI-XIII). Tesis Doctoral en el Departamento de Historia Medieval y Ciencias y Técnicas Historiográficas, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, Universidad de Sevilla 2003. Revisión crítica, fundada en documentos y análisis socio-económico, de los hechos e hipótesis sobre la Casa de Lara.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Villages in the Tierra de Lara