Heinrich Bonhorst

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Epitaph with a portrait of Heinrich Bonhorst with an allonge wig in the Sankt Petri Church in Günthersleben

Heinrich Bonhorst (also: Heinrich Bohnhorst ; born April 30, 1643 in Halberstadt ; † October 2, 1711 in Gotha ) was the hereditary lord and mint master at the Clausthal mint . as well as medalist .

Life

Heinrich Bohnhorst was born at the time of the Thirty Years' War in 1643 as the son of the doctor of the same name who worked in Nordhausen and Anna Pfeifer from Nordhausen.

He married on October 15, 1672 in Osterode am Harz Helene, daughter of the Osteroder citizen, councilor, council chamberlain and mining and iron factor Heinrich Hattorf (1602–1681) and Elisabeth Becker (1616–1682) from Hildesheim. The couple had two daughters, Anna Margarete Bohnhorst (1675–1706) and Catherine Dorothea Bohnhorst (1677–1716), later the wife of Andreas Julius Bötticher , as well as their son Heinrich Christoph Bohnhorst († 1725) and other children.

Mariengroschen from 1683, with the legend Ernst August , Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg ; in the middle the monogram HB

In 1674 or 1675, Bonhorst succeeded Leopold Weser, who died in 1674, as the mint master at the Clausthal mint. There he set up the so-called "printing unit". After the fire of the old mint and a new building in 1674 directly opposite the old building, the "strike coin" that had been in use up to that point was replaced by a "pressure coin with adjustment mechanism" and the shock mechanism was brought in from Celle .

Bonhorst worked as mint director from 1695. His coins often bear his monogram HB or B , similar to that of his son Heinrich Christian.

With a letter of purchase dated August 12, 1691, Bonhorst acquired from the Reichshofrat Friedrich Freiherr von Born “the Körn- and Kinnbergische Hütte or mining and ironworks located above Ohrdruff, including the smelting works and hammer mills and inventory of tools and household goods.” This purchase of a fiefdom he still had to seek enfeoffment from the two sovereigns Christian Wilhelm and Anton Günther zu Schwarzburg-Sondershausen . Through the feudal letter, Bonhorst became master of the entire village of Günthersleben with all the rights of a baroque nobleman such as middle and lower jurisdiction, patronage over the church, the drink taxes of the subjects, hereditary interest, floor, merrymakers and services. The fiefdom also included the Voglstädtischer manor with castle or noble farm and accessories such as the gardens, fields, meadows, pastures and alders.

In 1694 Bonhorst had the dilapidated church demolished at his own expense and replaced with a new one according to his own ideas. In return, he wanted the parish to be able to use the meadow previously used as a commons for only twelve years .

In 1711 Bonhorst traveled to Gotha with his middle son and his youngest daughter, where he stayed in the house of the court councilor, his son-in-law Georg von Forstern , who was not present . During the night he was shot dead by strangers. Three days later his body was transferred to Günthersleben and buried in the grave site in the Günthersleben church that had already been owned by Bonhorster. An epitaph was installed in the church , which shows the heir of Günthersleben and mint director at an advanced age and with an allonge wig over a Latin inscription.

After Bonhorst's death, his son Heinrich Christoph Bohnhorst took over at the mint in Clausthal.

literature

  • Ortwin Meier : The electoral Brunswick-Lüneburg mint director Heinrich Bonhorst , in: Communications of the Association for Gotha History and Antiquity Research , 1929, pp. 30–40; Digitized by the Thuringian University and State Library Jena (ThULB)
  • Joachim Lampe: Aristocracy, court nobility and state patriciate in Kurhannover: The spheres of life of the higher officials at the Electoral Hanoverian central and court authorities 1714–1760 , vol. 1.2, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1963, vol. 2

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e o. V .: Bonhorst, Heinrich in the catalog of the German National Library [undated], last accessed on April 17, 2020
  2. ↑ a b c d Christian W. Heermann: Heinrich Bohnhorst on the page Verein für Computergenealogie in the version of February 17, 2020
  3. ↑ a b c d e Henning Calvör : Acta Historico-Chronologico-Mechanica circa metallurgiam in Hercynia superiori. Or historical-chronological information and theoretical and practical description of mechanical engineering, and the auxiliaries in mining on the Oberharze, in particular the machinery and auxiliaries by which mining is promoted, such as mine sheaths, shaft and pit construction, of Drilling and shooting, of the machines and devices to bring the mined ore to the surface, of the machines by which the ore is turned into sand, or of puching works and puching, of the machines in the smelter, of the ores, silver, Bley To smelt solder and copper, and from the entire smelter work one after the other, from the mint machines to burn the silver finely and to coin it into money. In the publishing house of the Princely Waysenhaus bookstore, Braunschweig 1763, p. 265; Digitized via Google books
  4. ↑ a b c d Ortwin Meier : The Electoral Brunswick-Lüneburg Mint Director Heinrich Bonhorst , in: Communications of the Association for Gotha History and Antiquity Research , 1929, pp. 30–40; Digitized by the Thuringian University and State Library Jena
  5. ↑ Johann Ludwig Ammon : Collection of famous medalists and mint masters together with their symbols , Nuremberg: Hauffe 1778, pp. 75–76; Digitized via Google books
  6. ↑ Georg Kaspar Nagler : The monogrammists and those known and unknown artists of all schools who use a figurative sign, the initials of the name, the abbreviation of the same to designate their works, & c. have served ... , Volume 3, Georg Franz, Munich 1863, pp. 230, 257, 1126; Digitized via Google books
  7. ^ Georg Kaspar Nagler: Die Monogrammisten ... , Volume 1, 1858, p. 710; Digitized via Google books
personal data
SURNAME Bonhorst, Heinrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bohnhorst, Heinrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION ducal and electoral Braunschweig-Lüneburg mint master and mint director of Clausthal
DATE OF BIRTH April 30, 1643
PLACE OF BIRTH Halberstadt
DATE OF DEATH October 2, 1711
Place of death Gotha