Heinrich Kunhardt

Heinrich Kunhardt (born February 2, 1772 in Osterholz , † March 30, 1844 in Lübeck ) was a German Evangelical Lutheran theologian, classical philologist, educator and librarian.

Live and act

Kunhardt was the son of a poor lawyer. Initially taught at home, from 1777 he attended the St. Petrischule, the Lyceum (one of the predecessors of today's Alte Gymnasium ) in Bremen , where he was supported by Johann David Nicolai . In 1791 he matriculated to study theology at the University of Helmstedt . His inclination, however, was more for the study of philosophy; here he was mainly influenced by Gottlob Ernst Schulze . As a student, Kunhardt published his first essays in scientific journals. In 1795 he received his doctorate in philosophy and became an adjunct of the philosophical faculty. In 1797 he was secretary of the Ducal German Society in Helmstädt .

In 1798 he was appointed sub-rector of the Katharineum in Lübeck , with which the management of the city ​​library was connected, and on May 6, 1799 he was appointed to his post. In contrast to his predecessor Friedrich Federau (1755–1840), who at the same time rose to the position of vice rector, Kunhardt made little appearance in the library. This may also be due to the fact that his colleague Johann Hermann von Melle was appointed second librarian as a teacher when he retired in 1801 and henceforth de facto ran the library business. Kunhardt took an active part in the reform of the school under the rectorate of Friedrich Daniel Behn . With his death in 1804 Kunhardt became vice rector, and in 1806 when director Christian Julius Wilhelm Mosche took up his post he was appointed professor. He served the Katharineum under three directors for over 40 years.

In addition to his school duties, Kunhardt was a very productive author and lecturer on historical, philosophical, theological and philogical issues. He gave highly acclaimed lectures at the Society for the Promotion of Charitable Activities and regularly published articles in their Lübeck papers . From 1803 he was a member of the Lübeck Masonic Lodge Zum Füllhorn ; as its speaker from 1803 to 1806 and 1814 as well as its deputy master from 1815 to 1816 he was "one of the most spiritually important members" of the lodge.

Together with his colleague Friedrich Herrmann , Kunhardt was one of the spokesmen for those members of the school council who were critical of the French occupation forces from 1806 and - as Kunhardt wrote - "had hot feelings for honor and fatherland ". When the French withdrew from the city in March 1813, Kunhardt and Mosche wrote farewell chants to the city's volunteers who were moving to the Hanseatic Legion . This is how he sang of Lübeck's resurrection :

"Now thank God, all of you!" Rang out a thousand tongues,
triumph! The lofty cast of freedom has succeeded,
bondage is broken by an iron yoke! By
the golden morning light of the first spring rays
,
awakened from a long night of shameful, bitter torments, we sang praises to the Lord our fate weighed!
For as the trumpets of the Last Judgment thundered, the cry of
freedom
resounded ! With joyful astonishment the spirit lifts itself out of the gloomy dungeon.

However, the French returned to Lübeck for a few months (June – December 1813) and Kunhardt, for whom the Russian consul Karl von Schlözer had been able to issue a Russian passport, had to flee to Mecklenburg .

After his return in December 1813, he resumed teaching as well as his numerous journalistic endeavors. He had to retire in 1838 because of an eye problem. In retirement he occupied himself with philological studies, in particular on Herodotus and Sophocles , about whose Oedipus on Colonos he published a number of comments in Latin in 1839 and 1840.

Kunhardt was married to Anna Dorothea Richertz (1782–1831), the daughter of Lübeck's mayor Georg David Richerz , since 1801 . The couple had 13 children. Kunhardt was buried, apparently with a special permit from the city, in the crypt of the teaching staff in the Katharinenkirche next to Mosche and Hermann. This was the last funeral in the church.

Fonts

• Contributions to the history of the University of Helmstädt and its strangest men, mostly compiled and arranged from Latin. Helmstedt: Fleckeisen 1797
• I. Kant's foundation for the metaphysics of morals presented in a comprehensible language and checked for its main content. Lübeck and Leipzig: Bohn 1800 ( digitized version ) - Reprint: Bruxelles: Culture et civilization 1981
• Socrates as a person and a teacher. 1802
• Anti-Stolberg or attempt to assert the rights of reason against Friedrich Leopold, Count zu Stolberg , in relation to his stories of the religion of Jesus Christ. Leipzig 1808
• C. Crispi Sallustii opera exceptis fragmentis omnia.

Volume 1: Continens Bellum Catilinarium. Lübeck: Niemann 1809, 2nd edition 1812 ( digitized version )

Volume 2: Continens Bellum Iugurthinum. Lübeck: Nioemann 1810, 2nd edition 1812

• Ideas about the essential character of humanity and about the limit of philosophical knowledge. Leipzig 1813
• Patriotic chants. Lübeck 1815
• Presentation of the life and work of M. Christian Julius Wilhelm Mosche, director of the St., who died on December 19, 1815. Katharinenschule zu Lübeck, from his fellow teacher at this school. Niemann, Lübeck 1817
• Plato's Phaedon : explained and assessed with special regard to the doctrine of immortality. Lübeck: Niemann 1817 ( digitized copy from the Bavarian State Library )
• Lectures on religion and morality along with some other school lectures. Leipzig: Vogel 1818
• Practical guide to the Latin style.

First course. Lübeck 1816

Second course. Lübeck 1816 ( digitized version )

• Egypt's World Trade and Scientific Institutions under the First Ptolemies: A Historical Treatise; ... Mr. Johann Heinrich Kipp ... his solemn introduction to the noble council of the Free Hanseatic City of Lübeck ... / presented by Heinrich Kunhardt , Lübeck 1820
• Epistola ad G. Seebodium, qua vitae suae curriculum exposuit H. Kunhardt. in: Gottfried Seebode (Ed.): Archive for Philology and Education (1824), Issue 1. pp. 34–59
• Memorial of the private celebration of the third secular festival of Dr. Johannes Bugenhagen and inaugurated on March 19th, 1531 St. Katharinenschule in Lübeck. Lübeck 1831
• Martinus Lutherus libertatis Christianorum vindex, sive de vita meritisque Lutheri brevis narratio. Lübeck 1832
• Poetic thought book from the times of suffering and joy, with various additions, dedicated to the free Hanseatic city of Lübeck. Lübeck: Borchers 1839
• Commentationes de locis quibusdam veterum scriptorum aut difficilioribus aut aliqua de causa memorabilibus.

Volume 1: In qua de Sophoclis Oedipo Coloneo disputare instituit. Lübeck 1838

Volume 2: In qua quae disputari coepta sunt de Sophoclis Oedipo Coloneo ad finem perducuntur. Lübeck 1840

literature

• Obituary, in: Neue Lübeckische Blätter 1844, No. 17
• Andreas Ludwig Jakob Michelsen:  Kunhardt, Heinrich . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 17, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1883, p. 378 f.
• Dr. Heinrich Kunhardt , in: New Nekrolog der Deutschen. 23 (1844), pp. 315-324 (with list of publications)
• Hermann Genzken: The Katharineum in Lübeck in the French period 1806/1815. Lübeck: Borchers 1914 (supplement to the school program 1914)

Digitized , University and State Library Düsseldorf

Web links

Wikisource: Heinrich Kunhardt  - Sources and full texts

• Literature by and about Heinrich Kunhardt in the catalog of the German National Library
• Entries on Heinrich Kunhardt in the GBV catalog

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Johannes Hennings: History of the Johannis Lodge "Zum Füllhorn" zu Lübeck, 1772-1922. Lübeck 1922, p. 176
2. ↑ Kunhard: Mosche (lit.), p. 35.
3. ↑ Lübeck's Resurrection , in: Vaterländische Gesänge, 1815, p. 14, quoted from Sophus Stahl: The development of affects in the poetry of the wars of freedom. Diss. Leipzig 1908, p. 122 ( digitized version )
4. ↑ See this genealogical list , accessed March 13, 2010
5. ^ Nekrolog (Lit.), p. 322