Christian Julius Wilhelm Mosche
Christian Julius Wilhelm Mosche (born November 5, 1768 in Arnstadt , † December 19, 1815 in Lübeck ) was a German teacher and rector of the Katharineum in Lübeck during the Lübeck French period .
Life
Mosche was a son of the Arnstadt superintendent Gabriel Christoph Benjamin Mosche (1723–1791). When the father was called to Frankfurt am Main as a senior , the family moved there in 1773. He studied philology and theology in Jena . His particularly valued teachers here included the theologian Johann Jakob Griesbach , the philosopher Carl Leonhard Reinhold and the philologist Christian Gottfried Schütz .
After completing his master's degree, Mosche returned to Frankfurt and initially worked as a tutor. Wilhelm Friedrich Hufnagel , the senior successor to Mosche's father, became his mentor and friend. He ordained him in 1793 in the rectory and appointed him pastor in Frankfurt-Hausen . After only two years he gave up this office and became deputy principal and teacher for ancient languages at the municipal grammar school in Frankfurt as part of Hufnagel's comprehensive school reform . He wrote several papers on the reform of the grammar school and introduced the new subject of natural science . At his instigation, in 1805 Johann Heinrich Moritz Poppe was appointed the first teacher of mathematics and physics - the first member of the college who was not a classical philologist. In addition to his school activities, he also gave private lessons, including for Karoline von Günderrode .
In 1806 he accepted the call to Lübeck and succeeded Friedrich Daniel Behn, who died in 1804, to become rector of the Katharineum. He continued the reforms begun by Behn to transform the institution from an old-style scholarly school to a grammar school and community school and created a new curriculum that combined the natural science subjects ( realities ) with teaching in the ancient languages. He presents his views on the right learning of the Latin language even for non-scholars in several school program treatises on teaching Latin in our community school . Teachers' conferences were introduced for the first time from September 1806, and class books were not introduced later . Moshe was the first to hold the title of director instead of rector as before.
Shortly after taking office, it fell to Mosche to get the school through the difficulties of the French occupation. The rooms of the Katharineum, like the neighboring Katharinenkirche, were requisitioned as a military hospital . Moshe, like other teachers, held classes in his private apartment until he managed to get the classrooms back.
When French lessons became compulsory with the integration of Lübeck into the French Empire in 1811, he set himself a role model in the class. The French inspectors Georges Cuvier and François Noël also praised Moshe's enlightened zeal , which had made the Katharineum with almost 300 students, including many noble sons from Holstein and Mecklenburg, the largest collège of the three Hanseatic cities. Some of his staff were more critical of the French occupying forces, with the teachers Heinrich Kunhardt (Mosche's later biographer) and Friedrich Wilhelm Herrmann standing out, who, as Kunhardt wrote, 'had expressed hot feelings for honor and the fatherland. Hermann published various calls for liberation. When the French withdrew from the city in March 1813, he gave the great public address to the volunteers who were moving out to the Hanseatic Legion , Kunhardt and Mosche composed farewell chants to the fighters. When the French returned to Lübeck for a few months (June – December 1813), Herrmann fled to Mecklenburg.
Mosche, who belonged to the Society for the Promotion of Charitable Activities and had often participated in its lectures, died at the age of 47 of a lung disease which, according to his biographer, he had brought with him from Frankfurt and which had worsened due to the efforts of the occupation.
His burial was one of the last in the Katharinenkirche before the final ban on burials in churches. In the second southern intermediate pillar of the lower choir of the Katharinenkirche a black marble tablet was set (the last grave slab of the church), which commemorates him and the teacher Friedrich Herrmann († 1819), who was also buried here .
His son Karl Mosche (1796–1856) became a music teacher at the Katharineum and was one of the first to set Emanuel Geibel's poems to music .
Fonts (selection)
- Gabriel Christoph Benjamin Mosches ... Character and Writings. With a preface by Wilhelm Friedrich Hufnagel. Frankfurt 1792 ( digitized version )
- Animadversionum in Xenophontis Oeconomicum specimen. Francofurti ad Moenum: Butcher 1793
- About school discipline in grammar schools: especially with regard to the spirit of our age. Frankfurt a. M.: Schnackenburg, 1803-1804
- About teaching in Latin. in our community school.
- Abth. 1, Lübeck: Römhild 1807 (first news from the grammar school and the community school in St. Katharinen)
- Abth. 2, Lübeck: Römhild 1808 (Second message from the high school and the community school in St. Katharinen.)
- Comments on the purpose and scope of our school. Lübeck 1815 (ninth message from the grammar school and the community school in St. Catharinen)
- (posthumous): M. Christian Wilhelm Julius Mosche's selected German essays and speeches, along with his life and character. Edited by Friedrich Christian Matthiä and Nikolaus Gottfried Eichhoff. Frankfurt a. M .: Hermann, 1821 ( digitized version )
literature
- Heinrich Kunhardt: Presentation of the life and work of M. Christian Julius Wilhelm Mosche, who died on December 19, 1815, director of St. Katharinenschule zu Lübeck, from his fellow teacher at this school. Niemann, Lübeck 1817
- Hermann Genzken: The Katharineum in Lübeck in the French period 1806/1815. Lübeck: Borchers 1914 (supplement to the school program 1914)
Web links
- Mosche, Christoph Julius Wilhelm. Hessian biography. (As of May 9, 2020). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- Reinhard Frost: Mosche, Christian Julius Wilhelm in the Frankfurter Personenlexikon (also in: Wolfgang Klötzer (Hrsg.): Frankfurter Biographie . Personengeschichtliches Lexikon . Second volume. M – Z (= publications of the Frankfurt Historical Commission . Volume XIX , no. 2 ). Waldemar Kramer, Frankfurt am Main 1996, ISBN 3-7829-0459-1 , p. 66 . )
Individual evidence
| predecessor | Office | successor |
|---|---|---|
| Friedrich Daniel Behn |
Rector of the Katharineum in Lübeck 1806 - 1815 |
Friedrich August Goering |
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Mosche, Christian Julius Wilhelm |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German educator and rector of the Katharineum in Lübeck |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 5, 1768 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Arnstadt |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 19, 1815 |
| Place of death | Lübeck |