Heinrich von Abendroth

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Heinrich von Abendroth (born May 17, 1819 in Wurzen , † February 16, 1880 in Dresden ) was a Saxon lieutenant general and military writer.

Life

origin

Heinrich came from the Abendroth family and was the son of the officer and customs officer Christian Friedrich von Abendroth (1779–1842) and his wife Marianne, née von Segnitz (1786–1826).

Military career

Heinrich von Abendroth attended the general school in Wurzen. The father wanted him to pursue a career in theology. Because he himself had had bad experiences with the military in his life. Heinrich von Abendroth began his military career in 1831 in the cadet school in Dresden . After completing this training, he was first transferred to the 3rd Saxon Rifle Battalion in Leipzig, was promoted to Portepeé-Junker in 1836 and to lieutenant in 1837. During his stationing in Leipzig he was very active in the intellectual life of this city. For example, he was a member of the "German Society" of the court councilor Ernst Gotthelf Gersdorf (1804–1874). For the next few years he was mainly engaged in military studies and, from 1843, on research trips. From autumn of that year he went on an extensive study trip to Belgium, France and Switzerland. He processed the impressions he gained in his first work, "Military letters from a German officer ..." Here, he primarily evaluated the French experience in the army and in fortress construction. Following this, he stayed in Dresden for several months in 1845 in order to gain more experience in military pioneering service. After returning to Leipzig in 1846, he was promoted to lieutenant in the 1st Saxon Rifle Battalion.

In this pre-revolutionary period Heinrich von Abendroth tried to bring a new spirit into the strongly conservative journalism about the Saxon military system. So together with Georg Gustav Wilhelm he founded his own independent military magazine with the title “Heer und Volk”. This was done above all in strict delimitation to the "Military Literature Newspaper" published in those years. His publishing activities began in 1848 with a collection of mostly military-related articles in the first two editions. However, he had to cancel the 3rd edition because of the March events and the resulting revolutionary struggles. He himself came into action with the 1st Rifle Battalion in Altenburg against revolutionary unrest. Determined action was attested to. His subsequent aggregation as captain was linked to his transfer to the Saxon War Ministry in 1849 . In the street fighting that took place in Dresden during these months, he is said to have actively worked towards intervention by Prussian troops. He wrote his experiences on this in the work “The uprising in Dresden”, which was published in Leipzig in 1849. This was followed by his "temporary" transfer to the General Staff , which was then converted into commanding in June 1850. Then included in the budget of the General Staff in 1851, he was busy for several years drafting new service regulations. In addition, he taught tactics and war history for officers at the Dresden advanced training school. The following years were shaped by the development of further military writings. These included the work “On the military and technical principles of troop transports on railways” in 1861 and the book “Terrain studies on the retreat of the Varus and the campaigns of Germanicus” in the following year. Another order that Abendroth received in 1863 was the drafting of new infantry regulations. But when the testing of the individual proposals began in 1865, this phase could not be brought to an end, as the Prussian regulations now had to be put into force due to the integration of Saxony into the North German Confederation. He was also co-founder and first chairman of the Geography Society in Dresden, which was founded in 1863 and still exists today .

In 1865 Heinrich von Abendroth was given command of the 10th Infantry Battalion , which he also commanded in the German War of 1866. At Königsgräz he was seriously injured in the fighter on the left arm and in the chest area. At the end of the year he was promoted to lieutenant colonel and awarded the Austrian Order of the Iron Crown, 3rd class, for his bravery. After the transfer of the Kingdom of Saxony from the German to the North German Confederation in 1867, its battalion was integrated into the 7th Infantry Regiment "Prince Georg" . In the same year his “Studies on the Security Service of Combined Arms” appeared in Vienna. The following year, Abendroth was promoted to Colonel in command of 7th Infantry Regiment No. 106. In this position he took part in the Battle of Gravelotte , also known as the Battle of St. Privat in Saxony, after the beginning of the war against France . Here he was again injured in the war. During the siege of Paris , Abendroth was in charge of the 4th Infantry Brigade No. 48 . When he fell from his horse, which was killed in battle, he suffered further serious injuries. Due to the wounds he had suffered, he was no longer fit for duty until March 1871. After his recovery he took over his brigade again in March 1871 and at the same time also acted as the fortress commander of Sedan. In November 1871 he was promoted to major general and in 1875 charged with the leadership of 1st Division No. 23 . The following year, Abendroth was promoted to lieutenant general. For health reasons he took his leave at the end of 1878 .

After his retirement Heinrich von Abendroth occupied himself with watercolor painting and became chairman of the State Fruit Growing Association of Dresden. On February 16, 1880 he died of a heart condition in Dresden.

Between 1904 and 1946 a street in Dresden-Cotta was named Heinrich von Abendroth. Today it is Hans-Steyer-Straße.

family

He married Ida von Lichtenstein (1820–1909) on August 30, 1849 in Rudolstadt . The couple had several children:

  • Auguste Louise Eveline (* 1850) ⚭ Paul von Hingst , Saxon general of the infantry
  • Alexander Bernhard Ernst (* 1853), captain ⚭ 1880 Rosa Albertine Magarethe von Hagen (* 1853)

Awards

Works

  • Military letters from a German officer during a trip through Switzerland and central France in the beginning of 1844. Adorf 1845.
  • The uprising in Dresden. Leipzig 1849.
  • JBACarras, History of the 1815 Campaign. Waterloo. (Translation from the French), Dresden 1858.
  • About the military and technical basics of troop transport on railways. Darmstadt / Leipzig 1861.
  • Terrain studies on the retreat of Varus and the campaigns of Germanicus . Leipzig 1862.
  • Studies on the security service in linked arms. Vienna 1867.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gunter Janoschke, Heinrich von Abendroth, Saxon Biography, published by the Institute for Saxon History and Folklore eV in: http://www.isgv.de/saebi .
  2. ↑ Bernhard von Poten, Heinrich von Abendroth, Allgemeine Deutsche Biografie Volume 45, 1900 p. 681 f in: https: //www.deutsche  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Biographie.de/pnd116239727.html@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.deutsche  
  3. ↑ Biographical sketch about Heinrich von Abendroth, Dresden city history in: https://www.stadtwikidd.de/wiki/Heinrich_von_Abendroth
personal data
SURNAME Abendroth, Heinrich von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Saxon lieutenant general, military writer
DATE OF BIRTH May 17, 1819
PLACE OF BIRTH Spice up
DATE OF DEATH February 16, 1880
Place of death Dresden