Heinrich I. (Dohna)

After Heinrich von Rötha took over the Burgraviate of Dohna, who then called himself Heinrich von Dohna (Heinrich I), the Donin's coat of arms initially consisted of two stag antlers placed one on top of the other in a cross . (Seal from 1286)

Donin bracteate around 1200, the minting authority is Heinrich II. Or maybe Heinrich I (from Erbstein's "numismatic fragments").

Heinrich I (* before 1143; † after May 6, 1171 / before July 28, 1181) was the owner of the imperial burgraviate Dohna in the High Middle Ages and at his time was one of the most important rulers east of the Saale .

He is the progenitor of the Pleißenland burgraves of Dohna , who worked as imperial officials and sovereigns in the burgraviate for around 250 years, owned the coin rack and with the Dohnaer Schöppenstuhl the judiciary and were also liege lords of numerous vassals .

Life and meaning

According to some historians, Heinrich came from the noble family of Rötha and Trachenau . Assuming the correctness of this hypothesis, the well-known siblings Lambert von Salheim and Otto von Trachenau (von Rötha) would be.

His son Heinrich II is the only descendant known to us (see list of Burgraves of Dohna ).

Whether Heinrich is identical with the nobleman Heinricus (nobilis) de Rotov mentioned in 1127 is assessed differently in research and is not certain. Nothing is known about Heinrich's year of birth either.

A documentary mention as Heinricus de Rodewa from the year 1143 has already been linked with Heinrich I von Dohna several times in historical studies. However, there is no definitive certainty of this thesis.

Even Heinricus prefectus , mentioned in 1144 without a location, interpreted by some historians as Burgrave Heinrich , does not necessarily have to be Heinrich I. In historical studies he is sometimes equated with Heinricus de Rodewa of 1143 because of its temporal proximity .

King's charter from 1144

A decisive role in the interpretation that Heinricus de Rodewa from 1143 and Heinricus prefectus from 1144 could be the burgrave Heinrich I von Dohna from 1156, the fact that in 1143 the Gau Nisan by King Conrad III. was incorporated into the Margraviate of Meissen. The Gau, which was then predominantly Slavic, was previously part of Bohemia. However, Nisan and Bautzen were ceded to the German king by the Bohemian Duke Vladislav II in 1142 for military support of his rule. Although it is hypothetically possible that a burgraviate Dohna existed again from 1143, the royal charter from 1144 shows that at that time the German rule of the margrave and bishop of Meißen was limited to the extreme west of the Nisan district. A burgrave at the same time in Dohna is therefore rather unlikely.

Heinrich is attested as the owner of the burgraviate Dohna in 1156 and again in 1165, this time together with his brothers.

With the office of the Burgrave of Donin (later: Dhonen, Dohna), which Heinrich had received as an imperial fief in 1156 at the latest , in addition to the disposition of the Dohna Castle, in particular the exercise of jurisdiction over the Slavic population as well as the reference to the guard grain were in itself Dresdner Elbtalweitung extending Gau Nisan connected. This made Heinrich one of the most influential rulers in Nisan alongside the Bishops of Meissen and the Meissen Margraves Konrad I and Otto von Meissen . At the same time, Heinrich also appeared as a settler in that he began to open up the forest land bordering the Gau in the south and south-east; the settlement took place in a star shape from Dohna between the Gottleuba in the east and the Rote Weißeritz in the west . After Heinrich's death between 1171 and 1181, his son Heinrich II succeeded him in office and rule.

The historical importance of Heinrich lies in the founding of the Dohna burgrave family (Donins) by taking over the imperial office and the creation of a lordly basis for the family through the development of the country . In addition, Heinrich initiated changes in the landscape of the lower South Eastern Ore Mountains, which are still visible today.

literature

Susanne Baudisch: Local nobility in northwest Saxony. Settlement and rule structures from the late 11th to the 14th century. Böhlau, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 1999. ISBN 3-412-02599-2 .
Karlheinz Blaschke : Dohna . In: Lexicon of the Middle Ages (LexMA). Volume 3, Artemis & Winkler, Munich / Zurich 1986, ISBN 3-7608-8903-4 , Sp. 1166.
Lothar Graf zu Dohna: Dohna. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959, ISBN 3-428-00185-0 , pp. 43-46 ( digitized version ).
Siegmar Graf zu Dohna: The Donins. Records of the Dohna family's extinct lineages. , Part 1, Berlin 1876.
Herbert Helbig : The Wettin corporate state. Studies on the history of the estates and the state constitution in Central Germany up to 1485. Böhlau, Münster / Cologne 1955 (= Central German Research , Vol. 4). (Unchanged new edition, Cologne 1980. ISBN 3-412-02178-4 .)
Heinz Jacob: The prehistoric and early historical settlement between the Dresden Elbe valley widening and the Upper Ore Mountains , in: Work and research reports on Saxon soil monument preservation , Vol. 24-25, Dresden 1982, pp. 25-137.
Max Winkler and Hermann Raußendorf: The burgrave town of Dohna . In: Messages from the Saxon Homeland Security Association . Vol. 25, H. 1-4, Dresden 1936.

Web links

Art. Dohna in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony . In it: 1144 Heinricus praefectus , 1156 Heinricus castellanus de Donin

Individual evidence

↑ life data after the entry in the Saxon biography
↑ Heinricus (nobilis) de Rotau (Rotov? Rotow?) In a document Bishop Meingods (Megingoz ') of Merseburg and Abbot Erkenberts of Corvey ; Heinrich appears as a witness for Meingod (document book of the Hochstift Merseburg, part 1: 962-1357, edited by Paul Fridolin Kehr , Halle: Otto Hendel, 1899 (historical sources of the province of Saxony and adjacent areas 36), No. 97 p. 79–81, here p. 80
↑ Cf. Art. City of Rötha , in: Historisches Ortverzeichnis von Sachsen, Section 8, entry on 1127 (with further references in Section 9); Karlheinz Blaschke speaks against the identification of Heinrich I with the person mentioned in 1127 : Dohna , in: Lexikon des Mittelalters, Vol. 3, Munich 1983, Col. 1166 (with further references). No equation with Lothar Graf zu Dohna either: Dohna. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959, ISBN 3-428-00185-0 , pp. 43-46 ( digitized version )., Here p. 43.
↑ Heinricus de Rodewa in a document from King Konrad III. for the Chemnitz monastery from February 1143; Heinrich is named as a witness. See the edition of the certificate at: The documents of Konrad III. and his son Heinrich , arr. v. Friedrich Hausmann (= MGH DD, Vol. 9), Vienna / Cologne / Graz 1969, No. 86, pp. 152–154, here p. 154, line 17 . For the first mention in 1143 cf. Karlheinz Blaschke, Dohna , in: Lexikon des Mittelalters, Vol. 3, Munich a. a. 1983, col. 1166.
↑ Heinricus praefectus (without local addition!) In a document from King Conrad III. of November 1144, which settles a dispute between the Bishop and Margrave of Meissen; Heinrich is named as a witness. The name register of the MGH edition volume identifies him as Heinrich, mentioned as early as 1143. Cf. The documents of Konrad III. and his son Heinrich , arr. v. Friedrich Hausmann (= MGH DD, vol. 9), Vienna / Cologne / Graz 1969, no. 119, pp. 212-214, here p. 214 line 4 ; on this in the name register p. 678 (left column) .
^ Art. Dohna in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony , Forms of Place Names, entry on 1144.
↑ Heinricus castellanus de Donin in a document from Margrave Conrad I of Meißen from November 30, 1156; Heinrich is named as a witness. Cf. Codex diplomaticus Saxoniae regiae , IA 2: The documents of the Margraves of Meissen and Landgraves of Thuringia 1100–1195, ed. by Otto Posse , Leipzig 1889, No. 262, pp. 176-179, here p. 178, line 37 .
↑ Heinricus prefectus de Donin et fratres sui in a document from Emperor Frederick I (Barbarossa) of March 18, 1165; Heinrich and his brothers are named as witnesses. See Friedrich I.'s documents 1158–1167 , edit. by Heinrich Appelt with the assistance of Rainer Maria Herkenrath and Walter Koch (= MGH DD reg. et imp. Germ. 10.2), Hannover 1979, no. 475, p. 387 f., here p. 388 line 21 ; see. also Regesta Imperii IV 2.2 n.1458 .

personal data
SURNAME	Heinrich I.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Heinrich II of Rötha
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Burgrave of Dohna
DATE OF BIRTH	12th Century
DATE OF DEATH	12th Century

[Säbi-1] ta after the entry in the Saxon biography

[2] Heinricus (nobilis) de Rotau (Rotov? Rotow?) In a document Bishop Meingods (Megingoz ') of Merseburg and Abbot Erkenberts of Corvey ; Heinrich appears as a witness for Meingod (document book of the Hochstift Merseburg, part 1: 962-1357, edited by Paul Fridolin Kehr , Halle: Otto Hendel, 1899 (historical sources of the province of Saxony and adjacent areas 36), No. 97 p. 79–81, here p. 80

[3] Cf. Art. City of Rötha , in: Historisches Ortverzeichnis von Sachsen, Section 8, entry on 1127 (with further references in Section 9); Karlheinz Blaschke speaks against the identification of Heinrich I with the person mentioned in 1127 : Dohna , in: Lexikon des Mittelalters, Vol. 3, Munich 1983, Col. 1166 (with further references). No equation with Lothar Graf zu Dohna either: Dohna. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959, ISBN 3-428-00185-0 , pp. 43-46 ( digitized version )., Here p. 43.

[4] Heinricus de Rodewa in a document from King Konrad III. for the Chemnitz monastery from February 1143; Heinrich is named as a witness. See the edition of the certificate at: The documents of Konrad III. and his son Heinrich , arr. v. Friedrich Hausmann (= MGH DD, Vol. 9), Vienna / Cologne / Graz 1969, No. 86, pp. 152–154, here p. 154, line 17 . For the first mention in 1143 cf. Karlheinz Blaschke, Dohna , in: Lexikon des Mittelalters, Vol. 3, Munich a. a. 1983, col. 1166.

[5] Heinricus praefectus (without local addition!) In a document from King Conrad III. of November 1144, which settles a dispute between the Bishop and Margrave of Meissen; Heinrich is named as a witness. The name register of the MGH edition volume identifies him as Heinrich, mentioned as early as 1143. Cf. The documents of Konrad III. and his son Heinrich , arr. v. Friedrich Hausmann (= MGH DD, vol. 9), Vienna / Cologne / Graz 1969, no. 119, pp. 212-214, here p. 214 line 4 ; on this in the name register p. 678 (left column) .

[6] Art. Dohna in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony , Forms of Place Names, entry on 1144.

[7] Heinricus castellanus de Donin in a document from Margrave Conrad I of Meißen from November 30, 1156; Heinrich is named as a witness. Cf. Codex diplomaticus Saxoniae regiae , IA 2: The documents of the Margraves of Meissen and Landgraves of Thuringia 1100–1195, ed. by Otto Posse , Leipzig 1889, No. 262, pp. 176-179, here p. 178, line 37 .

[8] Heinricus prefectus de Donin et fratres sui in a document from Emperor Frederick I (Barbarossa) of March 18, 1165; Heinrich and his brothers are named as witnesses. See Friedrich I.'s documents 1158–1167 , edit. by Heinrich Appelt with the assistance of Rainer Maria Herkenrath and Walter Koch (= MGH DD reg. et imp. Germ. 10.2), Hannover 1979, no. 475, p. 387 f., here p. 388 line 21 ; see. also Regesta Imperii IV 2.2 n.1458 .