Heinrich von der Goltz

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Baron Heinrich von der Goltz (born December 10, 1648 in Klausdorf ; † July 2, 1725 ibid) was a Major General of Brandenburg , a Royal Polish and Electoral Saxon lieutenant general and a Russian field marshal lieutenant.

Life

Heinrich von der Goltz was the son of Captain Konrad Reimar von der Goltz and his wife Ida von Dewitz . Konrad Reimar von der Goltz was an imperial captain in the regiment of Generalfeldzeugmeister Martin Maximilian von der Goltz . Field Marshal General Joachim Rüdiger von der Goltz was Heinrich's cousin.

Von der Goltz was raised at home for the first few years. In 1663 he came to the Jesuits in Poland, where he studied for the next five years. In 1672 he became an ensign in the Brandenburg regiment on foot of his cousin. He took part in the campaign against France and went to the Peace of Nijmegen in 1679 up to the captain of the bodyguard on. In 1685 he became a major. When Brandenburg troops again moved into the field for the Dutch in 1688, he became a lieutenant colonel.

In 1689 he was commandant of Cochem on the Moselle when the French attacked the city under Marshal Boufflers . The 1,600-strong Reich troops fought back bravely, but the city fell on August 25, 1689 after the fourth storm. The French lost over 2,000 men and took revenge on the sack of the city, killing over 400 residents. 1690 took part in the battle of Fleurus and was wounded in the foot. In 1691 he became colonel in command of the Margrave Philipp regiment. After the Peace of Rijswijk in 1697, he led the troops back to Brandenburg as the oldest colonel.

In 1702 August II of Electoral Saxony Poland offered him the position of major general and an infantry regiment. But the Prussian King Friedrich I did not want to let him go and made him major general himself, and shortly afterwards - at the repeated request of the city - as commandant of Danzig . He held this position until 1707. King August II appointed Goltz in 1705 as a royal Polish and Electoral Saxon lieutenant general.

But Russia also fought in the Great Northern War and was looking for experienced military personnel. So in 1707 Tsar Peter offered him the position of Lieutenant General Field Marshal and he accepted. Now he fought with the Russian army against the Swedes. He commanded the troops alongside General Anikita Ivanovich Repnin at the Battle of Golovchin (June 14, 1708) . In the Battle of Podkamin he defeated the starost Bobrinsky . It is said that he made rich booty and pursued his enemies as far as Hungary. In 1710, however, he fell out of favor when he did not prevent the march of the Swedish Generals Krassau from Poland to Swedish Pomerania . He was captured by 30 horsemen and was supposed to be brought to Moscow, but was able to escape again and later make up with the Tsar. In 1713 he retired to his estates. Von der Goltz was elected director of the General Synod of Protestant dissidents from Greater and Lesser Poland and Lithuania, which met in Danzig, in 1719.

family

He was married to Elisabeth Dorothea von der Goltz (* June 8, 1665 - November 3, 1700). She was the daughter of Balthasar von der Goltz (* April 25, 1610; † February 14, 1688) and Anna Catharina von Rauschke (* August 1, 1630; † March 18, 1699). The couple had several children.

  • Ida Catharina (* November 16, 1684; † September 15, 1759) ∞ Franz Eccard von der Goltz (* February 5, 1669; † September 9, 1728)
  • Heinrich (September 1685 - April 1765) ∞ Hedwig Margarethe von Dorpusch-Dorpowska († December 21, 1763), parents of the Polish generals August Stanislaus von der Goltz and Georg Wilhelm von der Goltz

Remarks

  1. ↑ It is reported that in 1712 he was the Russian envoy in Constantinople. This is probably confused with Franz Joachim von der Goltz , who was the royal Polish envoy to the Turkish court from 1712 to 1714.

literature

  • Anton Balthasar König : Heinrich von der Goltz . In: Biographical lexicon of all heroes and military figures who made themselves famous in the Prussian service . tape 2 . Arnold Wever, Berlin 1789, p. 50 ( Heinrich von der Goltz at Wikisource [PDF]).
  • Anton Balthasar König : Supplements . In: Biographical lexicon of all heroes and military figures who made themselves famous in the Prussian service . tape 4 . Arnold Wever, Berlin 1791, p. 378 ( additions to Wikisource [PDF]).
  • Philipp Balthasar Sinold von Schütz: The European Fama, which discovers the current state of the noblest courts , Volume 98, Leipzig 1710, see pp. 152–156

Web link

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ von Schütz, p. 153
  2. ↑ von Schütz, p. 155
  3. ↑ Real-Zeitung for the year 1765, that is an excerpt from the latest world history with explanations , Erlangen 1765, p. 309


personal data
SURNAME Goltz, Heinrich von der
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Гольц, Генрих (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Kurbrandenburg major general and Russian field marshal lieutenant
DATE OF BIRTH December 10, 1648
PLACE OF BIRTH Klausdorf
DATE OF DEATH July 2, 1725
Place of death Klausdorf