Heinz Kloss

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Heinz Kloss (born October 30, 1904 in Halle (Saale) ; †  June 13, 1987 in Groß-Gerau ) was a German linguist and internationally renowned expert on language minorities .

Life

Kloss studied law and economics at the Universities of Halle and Berlin and graduated in 1926 with a degree in economics. From 1927 until the end of the Second World War in 1945, Kloss worked at the German Institute for Foreign Affairs (DAI) in Stuttgart . In 1929 he received his doctorate from the University of Innsbruck with a thesis on foreign language immigration into the French-speaking area of ​​France before the World War . In 1931 he married Margarethe Koelle. At the beginning of 1943 he was called up for military service and used as a medic and interpreter in occupied France and Italy.

Kloss was "one of the leading language and ethnicity politicians in the NS". Beyond the time of National Socialism , the folk historian represented the blood-and-soil ideology , his goal was to "strengthen ethnic German groups" in terms of language ideology . Among other things, he wrote a propaganda brochure in 1940 under the title Brothers at the Gates of the Reich. Von Volksdeutschen Schicksal and, in 1944, a 137-page manual on statistics, press and organizations of Judaism in the United States and Canada, which was published together with his assistant Katharina Reimann, as "only for official use" or "confidential overseas publication series" . Another book, also worked out together with Katharina Reimann, with the working title Of Order and Order of the Nations , remained unpublished.

After the war, he worked as a pedagogical assistant for US authorities in the Stuttgart area. In 1946 he becomes a member of the Anthroposophical Society . In 1952 he founded a working group of German Parents 'Councils, which later became the Federal Parents' Council .

After the reopening of the Institute for Foreign Relations, he worked there again as a department head between 1953 and 1959. From March 27 to June 19, 1956, he toured the United States. He stayed there as part of the US State Department's Exchange of Leaders' Program , on whose behalf the American Council on Education (ACE) provided generous support to him during his stay. His main work was to make observations about foreign language teaching in US elementary schools. The tour stopped in New York, Detroit, Madison (Wisconsin), St. Louis, Los Angeles, Santa Fe, Lubbock (Texas), Holland (Michigan) and North Newton (Kansas) with lectures on the history of foreign language teaching in American elementary schools and Efforts towards town twinning.

From 1959 to 1970 he was head of the research center for language and nationality issues in Kiel , later Marburg an der Lahn . In 1971 the research center was integrated into the department for questions of multilingualism at the Institute for German Language in Mannheim , where Kloss worked until 1976 and then as a freelancer. Heinz Kloss developed colon cancer in 1984 and died on June 13, 1987 at the age of 82.

plant

Kloss originally coined the terms expansion language , spacing language and umbrella language to classify dialectal varieties and to describe the extent to which they can be used as an ethnic identity resource under linguistic aspects. Today the terms are an integral part of linguistics.

  • Basic questions of ethnopolitics in the 20th century . The language communities between law and violence. Verlagsgemeinschaft Wilhelm Braunmüller and Scientific Archive, Vienna / Stuttgart / Bad Godesberg 1969 (Many works by Heinz Kloss from 1929 onwards are mentioned in the bibliography).
  • The development of new Germanic cultural languages ​​since 1800 . In: Language of the Present: Writings of the Institute for German Language in Mannheim . 2nd, expanded edition. tape 37 . Pedagogical Verlag Schwann, Düsseldorf 1978, ISBN 3-590-15637-6 .
  • German in encounters with other languages: in foreign language competition, as a mother tongue overseas, as an educational barrier for guest workers . Contributions to the sociology of languages. In: Research reports from the Institute for the German Language. 20 (= position  for multilingualism at IdS ). tape 1 . Narr, Tübingen 1974, ISBN 3-87808-620-2 .
  • French language policy. In: Deutsche Rundschau , Nov. 1926.
  • Distance languages ​​and extension languages. In: Joachim Göschel, Norbert Nail, Gaston Van der Elst (eds.): On the theory of dialect. Essays from 100 years of research. With biographical information on the authors. Wiesbaden 1976 (ZDL, supplements, new series, 16), pp. 301–322.

References

  1. ↑ Clemens Knobloch : “Folk linguistic research”: Studies on the restructuring of linguistics in Germany between 1918 and 1945. Tübingen 2005, p. 377.
  2. ↑ Ulf-Thomas Lesle : Identity Project Low German. The definition of language as a political issue . In: R. Langhanke (Ed.): Language, Literature, Space. Fs. For Willy Diercks. Bielefeld 2015, p. 703.
  3. ↑ http://www.dtoday.de/startseite/panorama_artikel,-Kanadas-Nationalbibliothek-erwirbt-Buch-aus-dem-frueheren-Besitz-von-Adolf-Hitler-_arid,646516.html
  4. ↑ Gerd Simon: Heinz Kloss. Of the order and order of the peoples. ( Memento of the original from September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF 25kB) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / homepages.uni-tuebingen.de
  5. ↑ http://biographien.kulturimpuls.org/detail.php?&id=195
  6. ^ Lit .: Institute for Foreign Relations. Communications 6.5, May / June 1956, 183 K.
  7. ^ Snježana Kordić : Pluricentric languages, extension languages, spaced languages ​​and Serbo-Croatian . In: Journal of Balkanology . tape 45 , no. 2 , 2009, ISSN  0044-2356 , p. 210–215 ( HTML file; 22 kB [accessed July 2, 2013]).

literature

  • Christopher Hutton: 'A complicated young man with a complicated fate, in a complicated time'. Heinz Kloss and the ethnic missonaries of the Third Reich . In: Linguistics and the Third Reich: Mother-tongue Fascism, Race and the Science of Language . Routledge, London 1999, ISBN 0-415-18954-3 ( excerpts online ).

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Kloss, Heinz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German linguist
DATE OF BIRTH October 30, 1904
PLACE OF BIRTH Halle (Saale)
DATE OF DEATH June 13, 1987
Place of death Gross-Gerau