Henri Rolland

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Henri Marie Jules Joseph Rolland (born January 1, 1887 in Nice ; died December 4, 1970 in Saint-Rémy-de-Provence ) was a French genealogist , numismatist and classical archaeologist . Elected to the corresponding member of the Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres in 1961, Henri Rolland was considered a doyen among French archaeologists.

Life

Henri Rolland, son of the genealogist and heraldist Victor Rolland (1843–1912), studied architecture in Paris . From 1909 he then supported his father in his genealogical and heraldic research. Even after his father's death he continued this activity - interrupted by his military service during the First World War in France and the Middle East - continued up until 1921 and has published several supplementary volumes to that of Johannes Rietstap founded armorial Armorial général .

From the coat of arms he turned his interest to numismatics , especially the coins of Provence . In 1922 he launched the Courrier numismatique , which appeared for the first time in autumn 1923 and which until 1933 presented rare coins and new finds annually in several issues. A large part of the contributions came from Henri Rolland - a member of the Société Française de Numismatique from 1924 and its president from 1939 to 1941 - himself, who also devoted himself to remote topics such as the coins of Cambodia . As part of his numismatic studies, he came across the excavations in Glanum , which had been started in 1921 under the direction of Pierre de Brun, director of the Musee des Alpilles, and Jules Formigé , Architecte en chef des monuments historiques . From 1928 Henri Rolland was part of the research team in Glanum and published the volume Numismatique de Glanum in 1932 . In the same year, Rolland's Maison hellénistique de Glanon was the first to publish one of the buildings uncovered by Pierre de Brun, followed in 1933 by a volume on the Gallo-Greek inscriptions from Glanum. As a supplement and revision of volume 12 of the Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum , in which the inscriptions from Saint-Rémy-de-Provence were published in 1888, Henri Rolland published a comprehensive article on the inscriptions from Glanum in 1944.

Henri Rolland's archaeological interests were broad not only in terms of the material spectrum, but also in terms of the time periods studied. He was equally turned towards prehistoric, Celtic and Greek evidence of Provence. In 1935 he began the excavation of the Celtic oppidum at the Saint-Blaise chapel near Saint-Miter-les-Remparts , a place that - apart from traces of settlement from the Stone Age and the Bronze Age - from the 7th century BC. Until the 11th century was last settled under the name Ugium . The excavation of the place occupied Rolland until shortly before his death.

With the death of Pierre de Brun and the reorganization of the French excavations by Jérôme Carcopino in 1941, Henri Rolland, who became a corresponding member of the Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques in 1938 , was given the opportunity to take over the management of the excavation in Glanum. He held this position from 1942 to 1969 and, with his two major main excavations - along with other smaller undertakings, such as the excavation in Ollioules - became one of the most important and influential archaeologists in France. Alongside Fernand Benoit , with whom he had a difficult relationship, he was responsible for the French excavation system in Provence for many years , not least in his function as director of the antiquities of Provence from 1956 to 1964: he was considered a doyen among French archaeologists . In 1961 he became a corresponding member of the Académie des inscriptions et belles-lettres . Only in the 1960s did a new generation of young researchers enter the domain of the two scientists with new questions and new methodological approaches.

Publications (selection)

  • Numismatique de la République romaine. Catalog raisonné. Ciani, Paris 1921.
  • Monnaies des comtes de Provence. Picard et Bourgey, Paris 1956.
  • with Robert Brichet : Glanum. Saint-Rémy-de-Provence. Les Éditions du Temps, Paris 1960.
  • La Maison Hellenistic de Glanon. Castanet, Bergerac 1932.
  • Dauphin, contribution à son histoire. Bulletin de la Société scientifique et littéraire des Basses-Alpes, Digne 1933.
  • Les Inscriptions préromaines du musée des Alpilles (= Cahiers d'histoire et d'archéologie. Volume 20). Larguier, Nîmes 1933.
  • Saint-Remy de Provence. Imprimerie générale du Sud-Ouest, Bergerac 1934.
  • Monnaies françaises. Étude d'après le cabinet numismatique de M. Georges Motte de Roubaix. Protat frères, Mâcon 1934.
  • Les Donatifs de Carpentras. Etude héraldique et biographique. Georges Saffroy, Paris 1935.
  • Fouilles de Glanum (Saint-Rémy-de-Provence) (= Gallia. Supplement 1). Boccard, Paris 1946.
  • Fouilles de Saint-Blaise (Bouches-du-Rhône) (= Gallia. Supplement 3). Center national de la recherche scientifique, Paris 1951.
  • Fouilles de Saint-Blaise (1951-1956) (= Gallia. Supplement 7). Center national de la recherche scientifique, Paris 1956.
  • Fouilles de Glanum (= Gallia. Supplement 11). Center national de la recherche scientifique, Paris 1958.
  • with Émile Espérandieu , Albert Grenier : Bronzes antiques de la Seine-Maritime (= Gallia. Supplement 13). Center national de la recherche scientifique, Paris 1959.
  • Bronzes antiques de haute-Provence (Basses-Alpes, Vaucluse) (= Gallia. Supplement 18). Center national de la recherche scientifique, Paris 1965.
  • Le Mausolée de Glanum (= Gallia. Supplement 21). Center national de la recherche scientifique, Paris 1969.
  • L'arc de Glanum (= Gallia. Supplement 31). Center National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris 1977.

literature

Web links

Remarks

  1. ^ Courrier numismatique in the Gallica portal .
  2. ^ Henri Rolland: Étude numismatique sur le protectorat du Cambodge. Castanet, Bergerac 1932.
  3. ^ Henri Rolland: Inscriptions antiques de Glanum (Saint-Rémy-de-Provence). In: Gallia. Volume 2, 1944, pp. 167-223 ( digitized version ).
  4. ↑ See for example Henri Rolland: Quelques vases du Hallstatt I à Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, fouilles mineures et information. In: Gallia. Volume 4, 1946, pp. 316-320 ( digitized version ).
personal data
SURNAME Rolland, Henri
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rolland, Henri Marie Jules Joseph (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French genealogist and classical archaeologist
DATE OF BIRTH January 1, 1887
PLACE OF BIRTH Nice
DATE OF DEATH 4th December 1970
Place of death Saint-Rémy-de-Provence