Herford Street

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The Herford street was as Hellweg called old route which of Herford coming to Frankfurt route in Exter and Wehrendorf crossed and Weser transition between Rinteln and Hameln led. Presumably old streets west of Herford were also called that. The exact scope of this section of an old road from Braunschweig and Hildesheim via Herford to Osnabrück and Münster has not yet been fully established by local research.

course

The Herford road started at the double ford from Aa and Werre in Herivurth (Herford) and led over the Steinweg past the Luttenberg . Along the Kirchweg it went parallel to today's Vlothoer Straße in ravines that are still visible today, past the Stuckenberg to Welsinckthorpe in the area of ​​today's Herford district of Schwarzenmoor . In the vicinity of this desert, the street name "Auf dem Hellwege" still reminds of the old course next to today's federal motorway 2 .

In Exterde (Exter), Herford Street crossed the western route of the Frankfurter Weg and also took up a street from the important Weser port of Vlotho, through which large parts of Herford's trade were handled. Herford took part in Hanseatic activities since 1295 and became a Hanseatic city in 1342. Plans to expand the Werre from Herford in the direction of the Weser to the waterway, which had existed since 1457 at the latest , were never implemented.

Exter of it went over the Valdorfer peasantry Halvessenen (Hollwiesen) to Wirincthorp (fortified village), where the intersection was with the eastern route of the Frankfurt route. The ravine between Exter and Wehrendorf, which still partially exists today, bears the old name "Herford Street". For the year 1556, a country customs office of Duke Wilhelm V of Jülich-Kleve-Berg is documented in Wehrendorf , who like his father Johann III. Count of Mark and Ravensberg was. The same source describes the Herford road as Helweg (Hellweg). Descendants of the then subordinate Johan Kriger still live in Wehrendorf in the area of ​​today's Waddenbergstrasse, where this customs post was probably also located. Since there was already a sacred building in the place around 900, which was also the bailiwick and parish, the small church, also known as the chapel, will have been the center of the local path system at that time.

Via the Suttmereshusen (Südmersen) farming community, which also belongs to Valdorf , and the towns of Bentorff ( Bentorf ), Langhenholthusen ( Langenholzhausen ) and Molenbeke ( Möllenbeck ), it went to the Weserfurt between Rinteln and Hameln. In 1694 the name "Straatkamp" was used in Südmersen for a field on what was then Herford Street.

As an alternative to this high trail, there was also an old road from Herford via Salzuflen and Lemgo to Hameln through the Werre and Bega valleys to the Weser.

history

Herford was built around 789 on the double ford over the Aa and Werre, which became the intersection of the nationally important road from the Porta Westfalica to the Bielefelder Pass and the Herford road. Because of this exposed traffic situation, the oldest women's monastery in Old Saxony was founded here around 800, which probably received one of the oldest German market , coinage and customs rights as early as 833 . The merchants' settlement that then developed further enlivened the traffic on Herford Street. In the first half of the 10th century there was the Herford vision, the northernmost apparition of the Virgin Mary in Germany. After the foundation of the Marienkirche in 1011 by the Paderborn Bishop Meinwerk directly on the Altstrasse on the Luttenberg, a pilgrimage began which made Herford an important gathering point for the pilgrims of St. An important Jakob pilgrim from the area of ​​today's Westphalia was Bishop Anno von Landsberg , (also called Anno von Minden ) in 1174/75 . Due to the importance of the relics of Saint Pusinna in terms of attractiveness, Herford developed a sacred life comparable to that of Cologne . Almost all of the monastic orders of that time founded a spiritual settlement here. From Herford, traders and pilgrims coming from the north via Kölner Strasse or from the east via Herford Strasse took the route in the direction of Osnabrück (western Herford Strasse), Paderborn or Soest (southwest Cologne Strasse). In Bielefeld, in today's Brackwede, they found the lowest pass over the Osning , the Teutoburg Forest , and in Rheda-Wiedenbrück a fortified bridge over the Ems , which was also passable by carts.

Presumably due to the foundation of the Herford new town in 1224, the Altstrasse shifted to today's Bismarckstrasse and led through the Lübbertor. At that time Herford was one of the best fortified German cities with five city ​​gates and 14 towers.

Herford's commercial activity extended early on to the entire Hanseatic region. The connections to the west via the western Herford Road to Flanders were also important. Cloth production (since the 13th century) and trade with it were particularly important . In the Herford legal book from around 1375 numerous guilds and guilds are mentioned.

Legend

There is said to have been an underground passage on Herford Street in Luttenberg. According to legend, it would have started at the cantor's house in Herford's Marienkirche. There would have been a golden cradle in which an enchanted princess cradled her child. In fine weather, if you put your ear to the ground and listened, you could hear their singing. It is not known whether this legend is based on a historical core.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ August-Wilhelm König: He has to come through this hollow alley! With the ravines in traffic history. In: Kreisheimatverein Herford Historical yearbook for the Herford district. (Volume 14), Publishing House for Regional History, Bielefeld 2007, ISBN 978-3-89534-664-4
  2. ↑ "To Werendorp is a Lanttoll which strathe van Brunßwight, Hildeßem na Herforde, Bilvelt, Oßenbruge, Münster geit": List of the rights and income of Duke Wilhelm the Rich, Amt Vlotho in: Wolfgang Mager, Wolfgang and others: The Urbar der Grafschaft Ravensburg from 1556. Part 3, Münster 1997, ISBN 3402068141 , p. 320.
  3. ↑ Note with the half-horse Johan Deppendorf: "A camp in front of the Hove uf the Helweg shooting" in: Herberhold, Franz Hg., Das Urbar der Grafschaft Ravensberg from 1556, Volume 1, Münster 1960, p. 489.
  4. ↑ State Archives Münster KDK Minden III262 No. 1002, Catastrum des Amts Vlotho, 1685 and revised in the year 1694, Vogtei Wehrendorf, Bauerschaft Valldorf, p. 2.