Ravensberger land register

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The Ravensberger Urbar from 1556 is one of the most important sources on the settlement and economic history of the County of Ravensberg in the early modern period . It is together with several copies in the State Archive of North Rhine-Westphalia in Münster in the holdings of the War and Domain Chamber Minden under the numbers 2670 and 2673.

The sovereign of the County of Ravensberg, Duke Johann III. von Jülich-Kleve-Berg and Mark (1490–1539), had already ordered a church visit in his territories in 1532 and had it carried out by Matthias von Altenbockum († after 1563), Drost zu Hörde , to find out exactly what the situation was teaching.

Johann's successor Wilhelm V von Jülich-Kleve-Berg (1516–1592) ordered in 1550 that an original cadastre be drawn up for the county: The so-called “Ravensberger Urbar ” was completed in 1556. It contains a complete list of the 3,389 houses and farms in the offices , their bondage and their tax obligations . A commission made up of the rent master , the bailiff and the subordinate bailiff questioned the subjects and recorded first name, surname, occasionally a description of the location, quality, size and lands of the farm, servitude ( serfdom ) and taxes. An example:

  • Name: " Temme Gussenbergk, Pauper, "
  • Farm quality: " is a half-money, "
  • Slavery : “ Own to my gracious Lord with how and children, sytzet good on his princely grace and belong to his princely graces that possessed it. "
  • Size of the property: “ His house, courtyard and guard is made of ½ a shepherd's rye. "
  • Saatland: " Sedig lands: a kamp near Schwopperhaus from 6 schepfel roggen, de Nasse Kamp from 3 schepfel roggen, a kamp vorm Berge, called de Schliegk, from 3 schepfel roggen, in Kleikamperfelde liggen different at cleinen pletzen or brocken 18 pieces, In it you see 9 rye rye, in Barthuser Felde 16 cleine pieces of 8 rye rye. "
  • Wiese: (has none)
  • Fattening wood: “Exchange set for 6 pigs oak beume wans. "
  • Taxes: “ Debt: gives my gracious hern 4 gold guilders 6 schillings, 1 slaughter koe, 1 school pig, 3 honers. "
  • Services: " Service: gives my gracious hern for service fee 1 gold gulden. "
  • Tenth : " Toes and afhorst: gives the von Rennenberg the toe, nor the Vincken 1 schepfel barley to toe; in the churches of Boickhorst ½ schepfel habern; to the churches in Holtzhusen 3 schillings. "
  • Additions: “ Nota: this Temme Gussenberg complains with a great deal of pleasure that his inheritance is burdened too much with all the debts and pitfalls, even for the grain and hard-toe-toe, and that there is no meadow wax or a lot like that; where ime sulchs are not moderated with grace, I have to run away from noit because of it, when then the truth of it has also been discovered. "

Of the 3,389 houses and dwellings, 1,172 belonged to the sovereign, 1,213 belonged to the knighthood, 299 to clergy corporations and 31 to citizens or clergy.

Ravensberg county in the 17th century

In 1556, the following areas belonged to the county of Ravensberg in today's Gütersloh districts , Herford (excluding the core areas of the former Free Imperial City of Herford , the Herford abbey and the monastery on the mountain ), Minden-Lübbecke and the city of Bielefeld as well as individual farms in today's Lippe districts and Osnabrück :

Individual farms in the neighboring territories were also Ravensberg and are mentioned in the land register.

The county of Ravensberg fell to Brandenburg-Prussia in 1609/14/48 . The Great Elector Friedrich Wilhelm (1620–1688) commissioned a new land measurement and taxation register for the county in 1678, which was completed in 1685/86.

swell

  • Franz Darpe : Income and fiefdom registers of the Herford abbey as well as levellers of the monastery on the mountains near Herford (Codex traditionum Westfalicarum 4), Münster 1892 ( PDF ; 107 MB, of the Westphalia-Lippe Regional Association)
  • Franz Herberhold (Ed.): The Urbar of the Grafschaft Ravensberg from 1556 , Vol. I: Text , Vol. II Register (Publications of the Historical Commission of Westphalia 29 / 1-2), Münster: Aschendorff 1960/1981 ( PDF ; 93.3 MB, and PDF ; 34.3 MB of the Westphalia-Lippe Regional Association)
  • Wolfgang Mager / Petra Möller (eds.): The land register of the Grafschaft Ravensberg from 1556 , Part III: Supplementary sources on the state and land rule in Ravensberg (1535-1559) (Publications of the Historical Commission of Westphalia 29/3), Münster 1997 ( PDF ; 46.3 MB, of the Westphalia-Lippe Regional Association)
  • Acts of the church visitation in the lands of Jülich and Ravensberg in 1533 - visitation in the county of Ravensberg . In: Carl Adolf Cornelius: History of the Münster revolt in three books , Vol. I The Reformation , Leipzig: TO Weigel 1855, pp. 216–248, especially pp. 246–248 ( Google Books )
  • Adolf Schmidt: Protocol of the church visitation of the Grafschaft Ravensberg from the year 1533. According to the sources of the StA Düsseldorf communicated . In: Yearbook of the Association for the Protestant Church History of Westphalia 6 (1904), pp. 135–169

literature

  • Gertrud Angermann: People's life in north-east Westphalia at the beginning of modern times. A growing population in the force field of the Reformation and Renaissance, government and economy (Minden, Herford, Ravensberg, Lippe) (Contributions to popular culture in Northwest Germany 89), Münster: Waxmann Verlag, 1995
  • Franz Herberhold: The Ravensberger Urbar from 1550 . In: Westfalen 21 (1936), pp. 1-8
  • Karl Schreiber: Das Urbar der Grafschaft Ravensberg from 1550 (also diss. Phil. ), In: Annual report of the historical association for the Grafschaft Ravensberg 21 (1907), pp. 1–107
  • Rico Quaschny: 450 years of Ravensberger Urbar. The list of goods for the county of Ravensberg from 1556 and its significance for the Bad Oeynhausen area . In: Contributions to local history of the cities of Löhne and Bad Oeynhausen 20 (2006), pp. 13–24

Individual evidence and explanations

  1. ↑ Cf. Kommune Kleekamp, Das Urbar (last accessed on November 1, 2010; PDF; 499 kB); according to Herberhold: Urbar vol. I, p. 464.
  2. ↑ Latin = "poor".
  3. ^ Duke Wilhelm V. Duke of Jülich-Kleve-Berg, Count of Mark and Ravensberg.
  4. ^ Dues from the harvest.
  5. ↑ Bushel seeds.
  6. ↑ Seed Land.
  7. ↑ field.
  8. ↑ Cf. Oskar Schulz: The development of agriculture . In: Hermann Tümpel (ed.): Minden-Ravensberg under the rule of the Hohenzollern , Velhagen & Klassing, Bielefeld / Leipzig 1909, pp. 139–178. esp. pp. 145f; Stefan Brakensiek: Agrarian reform and rural society. The privatization of brands in Northwest Germany 1750-1850 , Schöningh, Paderborn 1991, p. 27; G. Angermann: Volksleben (op. Cit. O) , esp.p. 24f and p. 27.
  9. ↑ Landesarchiv Münster (War and Domain Chamber Minden, Amt Limberg: No. 955; Amt Sparrenberg: No. 967; Amt Vlotho: No. 997; see Amt Ravensberg 1692/93: No. 960f et al.).

Coordinates: 52 ° 0 ′ 54 ″  N , 8 ° 31 ′ 31.3 ″  E