Hermann Schuldt

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Johann Wilhelm Hermann Schuldt (born June 23, 1896 in Alt-Karstädt , † January 30, 1980 in Ticino (near Rostock) ) was a German politician (USPD, KPD, SED).

Live and act

Schuldt was born the son of a forest worker. After attending the village school in Alt-Karstädt, he was trained as a farm worker.

In 1918 he settled in the Mecklenburg village of Techentin . He earned his living in the following years as a representative of the office of Ludwigslust . In 1920, Schuldt joined the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD). In the same year he took part in the fight against the Kapp-Lüttwitz Putsch . In 1923 he switched to the Communist Party of Germany (KPD). In the following years, Schuldt was mainly involved in representing the interests of agricultural workers and organized strikes.

In September 1930, Schuldt was elected to the Reichstag as his party's candidate for constituency 35 (Mecklenburg) , to which he initially belonged until July 1932. After a six-month absence from parliament, he was able to return to the Reichstag in November 1932, to which he now belonged until the March elections in 1933. In addition, he was active in the district leadership of the KPD.

After the seizure of power by the National Socialists Schuldt went into hiding. Although a bounty of RM 10,000 was put on him, he was able to flee to Prague in 1934 . In 1935 Schuldt went to the Soviet Union . He got the code name "Willy Schwarz". His family in Techentin experienced over 100 house searches by the Gestapo . From 1937 to 1938 he took part in the Spanish Civil War as a member of the International Brigades . In autumn 1938 he came to Denmark, where he took over the leadership of the KPD emigrant group there. After the German invasion of Denmark, Schuldt was arrested on July 1, 1940 and extradited to Germany in 1941. On November 11, 1941, the People's Court sentenced him to seven years in prison for “attempted high treason”. In the following years he was held in prison in Schwerin, Hamburg, Berlin-Moabit, Bützow-Dreibergen, Bremen and Waldheim. In 1945, shortly before his planned execution, Schuldt was liberated from the latter by the Red Army .

After the war, in May 1945, Schuldt became district administrator of the Ludwigslust district. At the same time he was secretary of the KPD, since April 1946 of the SED in Ludwigslust. In February 1950 he was delegated to the German People's Police and appointed as the successor to Josef Schütz as chief inspector and head of the main border police department. In August 1950 he was recalled from his post and punished with a "reprimand" for "immoral behavior". For "probation" he was sent to the Bautzen district as head of a machine-tractor station . From August 1952 to June 1960 he was Secretary for Agriculture in the SED district leadership in Rostock . His party sentence was cleared in 1954. From 1960 to 1969 he was chairman of the Rostock District Party Control Commission of the SED. He then remained a member of the SED district leadership until his death in 1980 and last lived as a party veteran in Rostock.

In the German Bundestag on September 21, 2006 Gregor Gysi called for the commitment of Spain fighters like Schuldt and others to be recognized.

Private

In 1919 he married Wilhelmine "Minna" Düwel (1898–1982), with whom he had two sons.

Awards and honors

In 1983, Missile Department 8 of the NVA was named after Hermann Schuldt. Hermann-Schuldt-Strasse in Rostock, named after him, was renamed Lorenzstrasse after 1990.

literature

  • Guilty, Hermann . In: Hermann Weber , Andreas Herbst : German Communists. Biographisches Handbuch 1918 to 1945. 2nd, revised and greatly expanded edition. Dietz, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-320-02130-6 .
  • Sonja Manns. In: Rotfuchs. No. 109, February 2007.
  • Bundestag printed paper 16/2679
  • Judgment of the People's Court (file number): 10 J 123/41 - 2 H 115/41
  • Mario Niemann , Andreas Herbst: SED squad: The middle level. Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh, 2010, ISBN 978-3-506-76977-0 .
  • Roman Guski, Johanna Jawinsky, Hannelore Rabe: Memorials for victims and persecuted persons of the Nazi regime in the new cemetery in Rostock. (Ed. by VVN-BdA Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania). Rostock 2011, ISBN 978-3-00-035037-5 , p. 39.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Torsten Diedrich, Hans Ehlert , Rüdiger Wenzke: In the service of the party - manual of the armed organs of the GDR. Links Verlag, 1998, ISBN 3-86153-160-7 , p. 220.
  2. ↑ New Germany . dated June 23, 1976.
  3. ↑ Obituaries in Neues Deutschland. dated September 8, 1982.
personal data
SURNAME Guilty, Hermann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schuldt, Johann Wilhelm Hermann (full name); Schwarz, Willy (alias)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (USPD, KPD, SED), MdR
DATE OF BIRTH June 23, 1896
PLACE OF BIRTH Old Karstädt
DATE OF DEATH January 30, 1980
Place of death Ticino (near Rostock) , Mecklenburg