Allied High Commission
The Allied High Commission for Germany ( AHK ; English Allied High Commission , French Haute commission alliée ), also High Allied Commission , was an institution of the western victorious powers USA , Great Britain and France in West Germany after the Second World War . She had her seat first on the Petersberg near Bonn and took a number of conditional rights in relation to the Federal Republic of Germany true.
Their powers were regulated in the so-called occupation statute, in which the Allied control rights were established. The High Commission began its work on September 21, 1949. Through the publication of official gazettes of the Allied High Commission in Germany, the laws passed by it were valid throughout the whole of Germany. Foreign representations had to be accredited by the Allied High Commission by March 1951 .
The Allied High Commissioners from 1949 to 1955:
- United States of America ( US High Commissioner for Germany (USHCG), also called HICOG ):
- John J. McCloy from September 2, 1949 to August 1, 1952
- Walter J. Donnelly from August 1, 1952 to December 11, 1952
- Samuel Reber from December 11, 1952 to February 10, 1953
- James Bryant Conant from February 10, 1953 to May 5, 1955 (subsequently US Ambassador to the Federal Republic of Germany , 1955–1957)
- United Kingdom:
- Brian Robertson, 1st Baron Robertson of Oakridge from September 21, 1949 to June 24, 1950
- Ivone Kirkpatrick from June 24, 1950 to September 29, 1953
- Frederick Millar from September 29, 1953 to May 5, 1955 (subsequently British Ambassador to the Federal Republic, 1955–1957)
- France:
- André François-Poncet from September 21, 1949 to May 5, 1955 (subsequently French Ambassador to the Federal Republic of Germany, 1955)
With them, Federal Chancellor Konrad Adenauer signed the Petersberg Agreement on November 22, 1949 . In addition to the Council of High Commissioners, the AHK also consisted of the committees and bodies formed by the Commissioners as well as the General Secretariat. In the summer of 1952 the commission moved from Petersberg to the Deichmannsaue in Mehlem on the left bank of the Rhine , which at the time served as the headquarters of the American High Commissioner. The move reflected the decreasing importance and downsizing of the AHK with the increasing sovereignty of the Federal Republic. The enclave of Bonn was directly subordinate to the Allied High Commission and did not belong to any of the three occupation zones in the west .
The AHK was dissolved when the German Treaty came into force on May 5, 1955. It is considered a historical and international legal special case, as it combined the functions of an international organization with government functions, a joint diplomatic representation of three states and those of the German federal government .
Allied High Commission locations in the Bonn area
| Country | building | image | Place district |
address | construction time | function | Usage period | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| France | Rheinhotel Dreesen |
 |
bad Godesberg | Rheinstrasse 45–49 location |
1893-1894 | High Commission | 1949-1952 | |
| France | New buildings of the high commission |
 |
bad Godesberg | At Marienkapelle 3 / Rheinstraße 52 location |
1950, 1952 | High Commission | 1950-1955 | 1955–1999 Chancellery of the French Embassy , demolished in 2012 |
| France | Ernich Castle |
 |
Remagen | House Ernich location |
1906-1908 | Residence of the High Commissioner | 1949-1955 | 1955–1999 residence of the French embassy , listed building |
| France | Villa Henzen | Rolandswerth | Weingartenstrasse location (approx.) |
1896/1897 | Residence of the Deputy High Commissioner | 1949-1955 | later residence of the Soviet embassy, demolished around 1974 | |
| France | Semi-villa Joachimstrasse |
 |
Bonn Gronau |
Joachimstrasse 10 location |
1897 | Junction / liaison ( liaison officer ) | 1949 - at least 1953 | Monument protection |
| United States | Deichmannsaue Castle , new building for the High Commission |
|
bad Godesberg | Deichmanns Aue 29–39 location |
1662, 1910-1912, 1951 | High Commission | 1950-1955 | 1952–1955 seat of the AHK; 1955–1999 Chancellery of the US Embassy and Federal Department of Construction ; today the headquarters of the Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning |
| United States | Villa Cappell |
.jpg) |
bad Godesberg | Heisterbachstrasse 39 location |
1904-1905 | Residence of the High Commissioner | 1949-1951 | 1955–1999 residence of the British Embassy , listed building |
| United States | Borcke's house |
 |
bad Godesberg | Rolandstrasse 67 location |
1921/1922 | Residence of the Deputy High Commissioner (until 1951) Residence of the High Commissioner (from 1951) |
1949-1955 | 1955–1999 residence of the US embassy, listed building |
| United States | Semi-villa Joachimstrasse |
|
Bonn Gronau |
Joachimstrasse 12 location |
1897 | Junction / liaison ( liaison officer ) | 1949 – late. 1952 | Monument protection |
| United States | Semi-detached house Zitelmannstrasse |
 |
Bonn Gronau |
Zitelmannstrasse 8 location |
Junction / liaison ( liaison officer ) | late. 1953– | ||
| Great Britain | Luftwaffe barracks madness |
Porz Wahnheide |
location | 1930s | High Commission | 1949-1953 | ||
| Great Britain | New building of the high commission |
Bonn Gronau |
Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 77 location |
1952-1953, 1954 | High Commission | 1953-1955 | 1955–1999 Chancellery of the British Embassy , closed in 2002/03 | |
| Great Britain | Röttgen Castle |
 |
Porz Heumar |
location | 1866 | Residence of the High Commissioner | 1949-1953 | |
| Great Britain | Villa Cappell |
|
bad Godesberg | Heisterbachstrasse 39 location |
1904-1905 | Residence of the High Commissioner | 1953-1955 | 1955–1999 residence of the British Embassy , listed building |
| Great Britain | Villa Heckenfels | Bad Honnef | Bondorfer Strasse 34 location |
Residence of the Deputy High Commissioner | from 1949 | |||
| Great Britain | Villa Spiritus |
 |
Bonn Gronau |
Kaiser-Friedrich-Strasse 19 location |
1896 | Office of the High Commission (1949 f.) Liaison office |
1949 - at least 1953 | 1955–1999 Liaison Staff of the British Armed Forces, listed building |
| Great Britain | Villa Wilhelma | bad Godesberg | Karl-Finkelnburg-Straße 19 location |
1894 | Part of the High Commission | 1949-1955 | later cultural department of the British embassy |
See also
literature
- Helmut Vogt : Guardian of the Bonn Republic. The Allied High Commissioners 1949–1955 , Verlag Ferdinand Schöningh, Paderborn 2004, ISBN 3-506-70139-8 .
- Harald Guldin: The Federal Republic of Germany on the way to sovereign equal rights , ISBN 3-631-43041-8 .
Web links
- Law No. 63 on the clarification of the legal situation with regard to German foreign assets
- Digitized laws of the Allied High Commission
- Allied High Commission at the German Historical Museum
Remarks
- ^ Statute of the Allied High Commission for Germany of April 20, 1949
- ^ Ambassador to Germany since 1955 , French Embassy , July 17, 2015.
- ↑ It is based on the then valid administrative structure.
- ↑ Paperback of public life , Festland Verlag GmbH, 1953, p. 95.
- ↑ Paperback of public life , Festland Verlag GmbH, 1953, p. 95.
- ↑ a b Pocket Book of Public Life , Festland Verlag GmbH, 1953, p. 95.