Homburg folio booklet

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Homburger folio page 1, Heimkunft verses 1–25. Above right by Karl Gok's hand : “Is printed in the Flora 1802. IV.”.

The Homburg folio is a bundle of handwritten writings of poems, poetry drafts, plans and fragments by Friedrich Hölderlin . It is considered to be the most important collection of autographs by the poet. The 23 double sheets, i.e. 92 pages, in large folio format , about 24 × 39 cm, made of yellowish paper, have been paginated by someone else's hand.

Emergence

Hölderlin described the sheets, beginning with a fair copy of the Elegy Heimkunft , probably from late autumn 1802 to 1807, years in which his mental illness broke out in full. You can find their traces in the leaves.

In mid-May or early June 1802, Hölderlin had returned to Stuttgart from his work as private tutor in Bordeaux , "pale as a sheet, emaciated, with hollow wild eyes, long hair and beard, and dressed like a beggar". He went to see his mother in Nürtingen , but was back with his friend Christian Landauer (1769–1845) in Stuttgart at the beginning of July. There he learned of the death of Susette Gontard († June 22, 1802), his Diotima . The news drove him back to Nürtingen. At the urging of his friend Isaac von Sinclair , he traveled to Regensburg at the end of September or beginning of October , where Sinclair worked on behalf of Landgrave Friedrich V of Hesse-Homburg in the Imperial Deputation , which met from August 24th . The trip was benevolent to him. Sinclair wrote in 1803 that he had “never had a greater mind and spirit. Soul strength as seen with him then ”. For some time the poet lived in calm composure. The balanced, safe lettering of the first entries in the Homburg folio testify to this. In June 1804, Sinclair brought Hölderlin from Nürtingen to Homburg vor der Höhe and found him a job as a landgrave librarian.

In February 1805, Sinclair was arrested for instigating a revolutionary conspiracy against the Elector Frederick II of Württemberg . Holderlin became extremely excited. He, too, was dragged into it until a medical report in April declared him to be insane. The doctor wrote: “But how terrified I was when I found the poor man so shattered that there was no sensible word to speak to him, and he was without interruption in the most violent movement. <...> And now he has gone so far that his madness has passed into rage and that his speech, which seems to be half German, half Greek and half Latin, is absolutely no longer understood. ”In June, Sinclair followed suit released from custody without a result and returned to Homburg.

When the Landgraviate of Hesse-Homburg became part of the new Grand Duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt in July , Sinclair lost his job. He wrote to Hölderlin's mother: “Ms. Kammer Räthinn to be honored! The changes that are unfortunately! with the circumstances of the Landgrave, which you will already know, require the Landgrave to make restrictions, and will also at least partially cancel my presence here. It is therefore no longer possible for my unhappy friend, whose madness has reached a very high level, to receive a salary any longer and stay here in Homburg, and I am instructed to ask you to have him picked up there. "On September 11th Holderlin, who resisted to the utmost, believed himself kidnapped and wanted to jump out of the car, was brought to the Tübingen clinic of Professor Johann Heinrich Ferdinand Autenrieth , which had just been completed in 1805 .

In the summer of 1807, the doctor gave him a maximum of three years, he was discharged from the clinic as incurable and entrusted to the thirty-five-year-old master carpenter Ernst Friedrich Zimmer (1772-1838) and his two years younger wife. He lived with them in what is now the Hölderlin Tower in Tübingen . “Holderlin was not a dangerous lunatic; the strict observance to which he had had to submit to in the clinic was therefore soon lifted <...>. The unfortunate one felt the relief of his situation very clearly and retained an indelible gratitude for his faithful foster parents. "

Homburger Folioheft page 63, Germanien verse 98–112 and An die Madonna verse 1–8, of which the “o” and verse 6–8 inserted later.

Lore

Zimmer gave the pages of the Homburg folio probably in 1807 to Hölderlin's mother and sister Maria Eleonora Heinrike married. Breunlin (1772–1850), who had lived with her mother in Nürtingen since the death of her husband Theodor Breunlin (1752–1800) . The earlier stapling of the pages, which has now been dissolved, probably originated from the mother or sister. The bundle came from Heinrike Breunlin to her son Fritz Breunlin (1797–1880), who gave it to the librarian, archivist and chronicler of the city of Bad Homburg vor der Höhe Johann Georg Hamel (1811–1872) in 1857, along with other manuscripts from Holderlin . Hamel placed it in the Homburg city library. Since 1975 it has been held as a deposit by the city library in the Württemberg State Library in Stuttgart . It is available digitally through them.

As a product of Hölderlin's “Wahnsinn”, at least characterized by his incipient psychosis , the Homburg folio went unnoticed for a long time. Neither the first collective edition of Hölderlin's “Poems”, published in 1826 by Ludwig Uhland and Gustav Schwab , nor the “Complete Works”, published in 1846 by Gustav Schwab's son Christoph Theodor Schwab (1821–1883), took notice of him. The texts were not printed until the 20th century, initially - in a selection - in volumes 4 (1916) and 6 (1923) of the historical-critical edition of the works of Hölderlin by Norbert von Hellingrath , Friedrich Seebaß (1887–1963) and Ludwig von Pigenot (1891–1976) as well as volumes 1 (1922) and 5 (1926) of the incomplete historical-critical edition by Franz Zinkernagel (1878–1935),

More recent, completeness-striving prints of the texts of the folio are contained in:

  • Volume 2 "Poems after 1800" (1951; Volume 2, 1 text volume; Volume 2, 2 commentary volume) of the historical-critical Stuttgart edition by Friedrich Beissner , Adolf Beck and Ute Oelmann (* 1949);
  • Supplementary volume 3 (1986) and volumes 7 and 8 “Gesänge” (2000) of the historical-critical Frankfurt edition by Dietrich Sattler ;;
  • the edition of the late hymns by Dietrich Uffhausen (1989), which emerged from dealing with the Stuttgart and Frankfurt editions ;
  • the poetry edition by Jochen Schmidt (1992) with detailed explanations and interpretations ;
  • Volume 1 (texts) and volume 3 (comments) of the edition by Michael Knaupp (1992–1993), which largely dispenses with explanations and interpretations.

content

In no way did Hölderlin continuously describe the pages in the current order 1 to 92. Rather, he has repeatedly corrected what had already been written and used the margins that remained free for things that did not belong - “truly sibylline sheets”. Also, he may have rearranged the sheets twice. The cardinal difficulty for the editors was to find out the intention of the poet from fair copies, overwriting changes, drafts, plans and - often tiny - fragments and, where possible, to arrive at a coherent reading text. It was not without interpretation, so that Friedrich Beissner spoke of "empathetic co-poetry". The results differ, and especially after the first volumes of the Frankfurt edition appeared , there was vehement controversy. In its introductory volume , Sattler had polemically attacked the efforts of the Stuttgart edition to cleanse Hölderlin's texts of corruption and distortion: “It is disputed that there are other corruptions and distortions with Hölderlin than the cleaning interventions of his editors.” Wanted with his new edition model make the "path from the first concept to the final intended text comprehensible". But his results have also been called into question, they have been accused of “expansion and accumulation”, a “quasi methodical tendency towards arbitrary combination”.

In the current order of the folio, the texts are printed in supplementary volume 3 of the Frankfurt edition , but only in the "typographical transcription", as well as in volume 1 (with comments in volume 3) of the edition by Michael Knaupp. In all the other editions mentioned above, the texts have been rearranged.

The Stuttgart Edition Volume 2 prints, for example, the completed assessment after Beissners or in the intended shape of the reconstructed poems Homburger Folio specifications in the departments "Elegien" and "the patriotic songs"; those "drafts that stand out from the other plans and fragments due to their larger scope or more significant content", in a section "hymn drafts"; smaller texts finally in a section "plans and fragments". If there are several versions that can be reconstructed, they are printed separately - in Mnemosyne's “The Fatherland Chants” department, for example, three, as well as in the “Hymnic Drafts” department in The Next Best . Beissner has tried to put each department in chronological order. Where a poem title by Holderlin is missing, he has chosen his own, mostly the first words of the draft, in the commentary volume (2, 2) in angle brackets; the “plans and fragments” remain untitled.

The following overview shows the “completed” or “as intended reconstructable” poems highlighted in bold , the pointed brackets of the commentary volume of the Stuttgart edition and the page numbers of volume 2 text volume / commentary volume of the Stuttgart edition .

Homburger folio page 91, Mnemosyne , older heading Die Nymphe . “We are a sign, meaningless” to “Let it be significant, shines on the green meadow”. Several designs are stacked on top of each other.
  • Pages 1–4 Heimkunft Stuttgarter Issue 96/621000
  • Pages 5–10 Brod und Wein Stuttgarter Edition 90/591000
  • Pages 11–15 Stutgard Stuttgarter issue 86/584000
  • Pages 15–19 The only Stuttgart edition 153/743000
  • Pages 19–28 Patmos Stuttgart issue 165/764000
  • Pages 28–32 The Titans (draft) Stuttgart edition 217/850000
  • Pages 33–35 blank
  • Pages 36–37 <Otherwise namely, Father Zevs ...> (draft) Stuttgart edition 226/860000
  • Pages 38–39 Heimath (draft) Stuttgart edition 206/838000
  • Pages 40–42 Fragments
  • Pages 43–44 < Your safe-built Alps ... > (draft) Stuttgart edition 231/865000
  • Pages 45–46 <I once asked the muse ...> (draft) Stuttgart edition 220/852000
  • Page 47–51 <But if the heavenly ones ...> (draft) Stuttgart edition 222/855000
  • Page 52 blank
  • Page 53 <How birds slowly move ...> (draft) Stuttgart edition 204/836000
  • Pages 54–56 blank except for a fragment
  • Pages 57–58 To the Prince (draft) Stuttgart edition 246/882000
  • Pages 59–63 Germanien Stuttgart edition 149/738000
  • Pages 63–66 <To the Madonna ...> (draft) Stuttgart edition 211/843000
  • Page 67 Fragments
  • Page 68 <And empathize with life ...> (draft) Stuttgart edition 249/883 and <Wie Meeresküsten ...> (draft) Stuttgart edition 205/837000000000
  • Page 69 <If that is the juice of the vine ...> (Draft) Stuttgart edition 207/840000
  • Pages 70–72 Fragments
  • Pages 73–74 The next best (draft) Stuttgart edition 233/867000
  • Page 75 <From the abyss, namely ...> (draft) Stuttgart edition 250/885000
  • Page 76 Fragments
  • Pages 77–82 Kolomb (draft) Stuttgart edition 242/876000
  • Page 83 Fragments
  • Page 84 <... do you think it should go ...> (draft) Stuttgart edition 228/861000
  • Pages 85–87 blank except for a fragment
  • Pages 88–89 <... the Vatican ...> (draft) Stuttgart edition 252/889000
  • Page 90 <Auf falbem Laube ...> (draft) Stuttgart edition 208/841000
  • Pages 91–92 Mnemosyne Stuttgarter issue 193/816000

Holderlin's intention

The texts in the folio have mostly been examined separately. But when Holderlin began it, he could have intended a complete work with a poetic significance in the sequence of individual poems. So in the first three poems he turns from the image of personal homecoming (from the position of private tutor in Hauptwil ; Heimkunft ) to religious-elegiac hymnics ( bread and wine ) and finally to the solemnly raised patriotic ( Stutgard ). Over the next three poems succession arrangements stood a religious syncretism ( The only one ), the Christian religion of revelation ( Patmos ) and a pre-Olympic religiosity ( the Titans ). The folio is not rubble, but a workshop. The individual parts of the text can all be assigned to a few drafts of poems. The sequence of the poems is owed to a “creative hand”, a “compositional will.” Unmistakably the “patriotic-Hesperian” link the poems in their sequence.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Autenrieth and Kelletat 1961, p. 94.
  2. ↑ George 2002, p. 379.
  3. ↑ Frankfurt edition, supplementary volume 3.
  4. ↑ Beck and Raabe 1970, p. 64.
  5. ↑ Stuttgart edition, Volume 7, 2, p. 254.
  6. ↑ Beck and Raabe 1970, p. 66.
  7. ↑ Sinclair had a salary increase of 200 guilders, which the Landgrave had granted him, paid out to Holderlin. Beck and Raabe 1970, p. 71.
  8. ↑ Stuttgart edition, Volume 7, 2, p. 337.
  9. ↑ Stuttgart edition, Volume 7, 2, p. 352
  10. ↑ Stuttgart edition, Volume 7, 2, p. 377.
  11. ↑ Heinrike Breunlin in: German National Library. Retrieved January 4, 2014.
  12. ↑ Friedrich Breunlin in: German National Library. Retrieved January 4, 2014.
  13. ^ Johann Georg Hamel in: German National Library. Retrieved January 4, 2014.
  14. ↑ Franz Zinkernagel in: German National Library. Retrieved January 6, 2014.
  15. ↑ a b The supplementary volume consists of facsimiles in original size and a "typographical transcription", in which the text levels are differentiated as far as possible while maintaining their distribution on the sheet surface using different fonts . In volumes 7 and 8, Sattler has changed his editing technique and in them, and only in them, the nouns of his comments are written in lower case. “The result, mainly in Volume 8, looks like an unmanageable labyrinth. It is far from user-friendly. ”George 2002, p. 388.
  16. ↑ Frankfurt edition, supplementary volume 3.
  17. ↑ Frankfurt edition, Volume 3.
  18. ^ Stefan Metzger: Editions. In: Johann Kreuzer (Hrsg.): Hölderlin year book, Life - Work - Effect, pp. 1–12, here p. 5. JB Metzler'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart 2002. ISBN 3-476-01704-4 .
  19. ^ DE Sattler: Frankfurter Edition - Introduction. Roter Stern publishing house , Frankfurt am Main 1975.
  20. ↑ George 2002, p. 390.
  21. ↑ Stuttgart edition, Volume 2, 2, p. 831.
  22. ↑ George 2002, pp. 382-384.
  23. ↑ Uffhausen 1989.