Honey grasses

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Honey grasses
Woolly honeygrass (Holcus lanatus)

Woolly honeygrass ( Holcus lanatus )

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sweet grasses (Poaceae)
Subfamily : Pooideae
Genre : Honey grasses
Scientific name
Holcus
L.

Honey grasses ( Holcus ) are a genus within the sweet grass family (Poaceae). They are mainly characterized by a velvety hair.

description

Honey grasses are annual or perennial , more or less hairy herbaceous plants . The leaves are flat. The inflorescences are more or less dense panicles . The spikelets are compressed and two, rarely three-flowered. The lowest single flower is bisexual, the upper mostly male. The somewhat unequal glumes are paper-like and usually completely surround the lemmas and the entire spikelet. The lower ones are one-nerved, the upper three-nerved. The mostly indistinctly annoyed lemmas are rounded on the back. The upper and / or lower lemmas are awned. The awns stick out more or less far from the male spikelets. The ligules (ligules) are membranous and often fringed.

distribution

The distribution area of ​​the twelve species extends from Europe via Macaronesia, North Africa and South Africa to Southwest Asia .

Soft honeygrass ( Holcus mollis )

species

The genus includes about twelve species:

  • Holcus annuus salt m. ex CA Mey. : It occurs in three subspecies:
    • Holcus annuus subsp. annuus : It occurs from the Mediterranean to Transcaucasia.
    • Holcus annuus subsp. duriensis (P.Silva) Franco & Rocha Afonso : It occurs only in northeastern Portugal and northwestern Spain.
    • Holcus annuus subsp. setiglumis (Boiss. & Reut.) M.Seq. & Castrov. (Syn .: Holcus setiglumis Boiss. & Reut. ): It occurs only in the southern Mediterranean region, in Spain, Italy and Greece.
  • Holcus azoricus M.Seq. & Castrov. : It occurs in the Azores. It is perhaps a hybrid between Holcus lanatus and Holcus rigidus .
  • Holcus caespitosus Boiss. : It occurs in the Sierra Nevada in southern Spain on stony slopes at altitudes between 2900 and 3100 meters.
  • Holcus gayanus Boiss. : It occurs in Spain and Portugal.
  • Holcus grandiflorus Boiss. & Reut. : It only occurs in Spain.
  • Holcus hierrensis (bulls.) Bulls. & M.Seq. (Syn .: Holcus mollis subsp. Hierrensis Stierst. ): It occurs only on the Canary island of El Hierro .
  • Woolly honeydew grass ( Holcus lanatus L. ): It occurs from Europe and North Africa to the Caucasus and Macaronesia .
  • Soft honeydew grass ( Holcus mollis L. ): It occurs in Europe and northwest Africa and is a neophyte in America, Australia and Macaronesia.
  • Holcus notarisii Nyman : It occurs only on the coast of northwestern Italy.
  • Holcus pintodasilvae M.Seq. & Castrov. : The species first described in 2013 only occurs in Madeira.
  • Holcus rigidus Hochst. : It only occurs in the Azores.
  • Holcus setiger Nees : It is native to the Capensis in South Africa.

Also the hybrid:

  • Holcus × ​​hybridus wine = Holcus lanatus × Holcus mollis

The following is no longer included in the genus Holcus :

proof

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Holcus. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved January 23, 2020.
  2. ↑ Thomas Gaskell Tutin et al. a .: Flora Europaea . Volume 5, pages 230-231. Cambridge University Press 1980. ISBN 0-521-20108-X

Web links

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