Hundertwasserhaus (Vienna)
.JPG)
.JPG)
The Hundertwasserhaus is a residential complex of the municipality of Vienna built from 1983 to 1985 and is located at the corner of Kegelgasse 34–38 and Löwengasse 41–43 in the 3rd district of Vienna , Landstrasse .
prehistory
The Austrian artist Friedensreich Hundertwasser has been involved with architecture since the 1950s. He began his engagement with manifestos, essays and demonstrations. In particular, his mold manifestation became known . In 1972, in the Eurovision program Wünsch Dir was , he showed architectural models with which he illustrated his ideas for roofing, tree tenants and window rights and developed architectural forms such as the Hoch-Wiesen-Haus, the Augenschlitzhaus or the terrace house. In lectures at universities and at architects' associations and offices, Hundertwasser spoke about his concern for architecture that is more natural and human.
In a letter dated November 30, 1977 to the Mayor of Vienna Leopold Gratz , Federal Chancellor Bruno Kreisky recommended that Hundertwasser be given the opportunity to implement his architectural concerns when building a house. In a letter dated December 15, 1977, Gratz invited Hundertwasser to design a residential building in Vienna according to his ideas. Years of searching for a suitable plot of land followed. Since Hundertwasser was not an architect, he asked the City of Vienna to provide him with an architect who would be willing to translate his concept into adequate plan drawings.
A conflict-ridden collaboration
The city administration brought Hundertwasser the architect Josef Krawina . In August and September 1979, Hundertwasser presented his preliminary drafts based on the regulations for social housing at the time, as well as a Styrofoam model, which, however, corresponded to the architectural concept of the closed construction method and which Hundertwasser shocked rejected because it corresponded exactly to the linear and leveling grid architecture, against the he had always fought. Hundertwasser wanted a "house for people and trees", as he had already described years before in his text "Verwaldung der Stadt": In his model of the "terrace house" for the program "Wünsch Dir was" he had already visualized this house .
In 1979, Hundertwasser managed to win over the City of Vienna for his concept of a green terrace building and thus for exceptions to the normally applicable building regulations. In March 1980, a second preliminary draft by Krawina followed, including associated perspective or axonometric drawings and an associated balsa wood model. In doing so, Krawina made intensive use of the legal possibilities granted to develop a structure that deviates significantly from the building regulations but is capable of consensus. This structure was left essentially unchanged through all planning steps and was actually implemented.
“Subsequently, there were disputes between Hundertwasser and Krawina, which escalated in the design of the facade. The dispute led to Krawina leaving the collaboration on October 14, 1981. "
The artist wrote to Rudolf Kolowrath, head of the municipal department 19 (architecture), asking him to replace the architect so that he could realize his own ideas. Architect Peter Pelikan , employee of the municipal department 19, took over the further planning. He became Hundertwasser's long-term partner for numerous other construction projects. However, in 2010 the Supreme Court held on to a long-standing legal dispute over the authorship of the building:
"The view of the court of appeal that architect Krawina and Hundertwasser are co-authors, [...] is based on understandable conclusions from the evidence proceedings [...]"
In 2001 HB Medienvertriebsgesellschaft mbH was able to convince Krawina to sue the "Hundertwasser House" as his work. After eight years of trial, the Supreme Court ruled on March 11, 2010:
“The fact that Krawina made her own creative contributions to the building is not doubtful after the additional evidence provided by the expert's report; on that the appellate court has based its correct legal view of a co-authorship of Krawina. "
Since then it has been necessary to name Josef Krawina as a co-author in addition to Hundertwasser when distributing images or replicas of the house.
Characteristic of the house
The colorful and unusual house has uneven floors in the corridor areas and is lush with greenery. Around 250 trees and bushes were planted in 1985 and have now grown into stately trees - a real park on the roofs of the house. The house does not follow the usual norms of architecture . Hundertwasser's role models are clearly legible: including Antoni Gaudí , the Palais idéal des Ferdinand Cheval , the Watts Towers , the anonymous architecture of the allotment gardens and that of the storybooks.
The house has 52 apartments and four business premises, 16 private and three communal roof terraces. The media coverage of the building was enormous worldwide. In Vienna, the Hundertwasser House is one of the most photographed tourist sights.
"A painter dreams of houses and beautiful architecture in which people are free and this dream becomes reality."
Other buildings by Hundertwasser
The artist designed around 40 buildings, including several houses, popularly known as the "Hundertwasser House". Just under 400 meters from the Hundertwasserhaus in Vienna, at Untere Weißgerberstraße 13, is the KunstHausWien , which opened in 1991 and was planned by Hundertwasser and Peter Pelikan , where, in addition to changing exhibitions, there is a permanent exhibition of Hundertwasser's work.
Similar buildings were built in collaboration between Friedensreich Hundertwasser and the architects Peter Pelikan and Heinz M. Springmann in Bad Soden am Taunus , Darmstadt ( Waldspirale ), Frankfurt am Main , Magdeburg ( Green Citadel of Magdeburg ), Plochingen (living under the rain tower), the Lutherstadt Wittenberg ( Luther-Melanchthon-Gymnasium ), Bad Blumau ( Rogner Bad Blumau ), Israel , Switzerland , the United States , Osaka in Japan and New Zealand .
Hundertwasser decision
The Hundertwasser House went down in legal history through a legal dispute between Hundertwasser and the Hundertwasser Foundation and the Metro retail group . In the Hundertwasser decision in 2003, the German Federal Court of Justice ruled that the German version of freedom of panorama , which is narrower than that in Austria , also applies to photos that are distributed in Germany, even if they were taken abroad.
literature
- Friedensreich Hundertwasser: The Hundertwasser House . Österreichischer Bundesverlag, Vienna 1985, ISBN 3-215-06160-0 .
- Robert Schediwy: Hundertwasser's houses - documents of a controversy about contemporary architecture . Edition Tusch, Vienna 1999, ISBN 3-85063-215-6 .
Web links
- Municipal housing Hundertwasserhaus (Vienna) in the digital cultural property register of the City of Vienna (PDF file)
- Website of the "Hausinfo" in the Hundertwasserhaus
- Hundertwasser Foundation website for the Hundertwasser House
- wien.at - 20 years of Hundertwasser House Vienna
- District Museum Landstrasse - The Hundertwasser House ( Memento from January 11, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hundertwasser Architecture, For a more natural and humane building . Taschen, Cologne 2006, p. 70 f.
- ↑ Both letters published in: Das Hundertwasser House . ÖBV and Compressverlag, Vienna 1985, p. 160f.
- ↑ See Fig. In: Das Hundertwasser Haus, 1985, pp. 166–170.
- ↑ Fig. In Hundertwasser Architektur , 2006, p. 73.
- ↑ a b Decision of the Supreme Court of March 11, 2010
- ^ Die Presse : OGH: Hundertwasser-Haus is also by Josef Krawina , May 16, 2010.
Coordinates: 48 ° 12 '26.8 " N , 16 ° 23' 37.9" E