Ignaz de Luca

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Ignaz de Luca (born January 29, 1746 in Vienna , † April 24, 1799 ibid) was an Austrian constitutional lawyer , statistician and writer. He is considered to be the actual founder of statistics and of geography , history , demography , constitution and economics in Austria .

Life

After attending the Jesuit grammar school , de Luca studied law at the University of Vienna . He became a student of the camera operator Joseph von Sonnenfels and, on his initiative, held private lectures on political science from 1768 onwards. From June 1770 he taught at the Savoyard and Theresian Knight Academy and from October of the same year as a representative of Sonnenfels at the university.

In November 1771, de Luca received an appointment as an extraordinary teacher of political science at the Lyceum in Linz , where in 1775 he was awarded the rank of imperial-royal council. He became an assessor of the Studienhof Commission, the Commission for Mild Foundation Matters, the Commerce and Police Commission. In addition to his teaching activities, he reorganized the Linz academic library from 1777, was entrusted with the office of censor there in 1778 and custodian of the library for the secular subject in 1779. In 1780 he was given responsibility for the entire alumni and scholarship system of the state ob der Enns at the foundation commission. With his administration he also made enemies and in the same year was transferred to the University of Innsbruck as professor of political science . Here he became a master of philosophy and a doctor of law. In 1784 he entered the quiescent class at his own request with a third of his professor's salary and moved to Vienna, where he worked exclusively as a writer.

On December 30, 1791, a court resolution was passed that allowed de Luca to hold lectures on politics and statistics at the University of Vienna as an associate professor without payment. In November 1794 he received a full professorship for statistics at the University of Vienna, which he held until his death.

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De Luca has published works in the fields of administration, literary and political studies, statistics and geography. In 1776/78 he presented the encyclopaedic and unfinished lexicon Das learned Austria , which bio-bibliographically recorded contemporary Austrian writers and scholars. He tried a continuation through the Austrian scholarly advertisements . After de Luca had written political textbooks in Linz, after his return to Vienna he presented various statistical-topographical works, including the regional studies of Austria ob der Enns (4 vols., 1786 ff.), Austrian national studies in outline (3 vols ., 1786–1789), the Geographical Handbook of the Austrian State (6 vols., With an appendix of 30 statistical tables, 1790–1793), a topography of Vienna (1794), the historical-statistical reading book for the knowledge of the Austrian states ( 2 vols., 1797 and 1798) and the practical political science of Europe (1795). In Innsbruck he founded the Journal of Literature and Statistics in 1782 , of which only one volume appeared with de Lucas' history from the University of Innsbruck. Further magazines founded by de Lucas such as the state announcements from the kk states and the Austrian State Archives (1794) did not get beyond a few issues. In the legal field, de Luca presented collections of laws, including the Political Codex (14 vol., 1789–1796) and the Justice Code (10 vol., 1793–1801).

In his work, de Luca linked the theory and practice of political science. He is considered to be the actual founder of national studies and thus of political science in Austria. He represented positions of enlightened absolutism , but at times also went beyond that by rejecting torture and the death penalty as contradicting human and divine reason .

Fonts

  • with Friedrich Gabriel Resewitz and Adam Lang: The education of the citizen for the use of common sense and for non-profit business. Johann Michael Pramsteidel, Linz 1775.
  • Guide to the action science of the government councilor and professor von Sonnenfels. For the use of the students. Pramsteidel, Linz 1775.
  • The learned Austria. One try. Trattner, Vienna 1776.
  • Joseph v. Sonnenfels, kk real. Government Council, public. Teacher of the Polizey, action and finance permanent secretary of the kk drawing and engraving academy, political treatises. Kurzböck, Vienna, Vienna 1777.
  • The learned Austria. One try. Trattner, Vienna 1778.
  • Ignatzs de Luca, kaiserl.-Königigl. Raths and Professors, Journal of Literature and Statistics. (Wagner), (Innsbruck) 1782.
  • On the water history of the country under the Ens. Ghelen, Vienna 1785.
  • Description of the KK royal seat of Vienna. Kurzbeck, Vienna 1785.
  • State announcements from the kk lands. , Vienna 1785.
  • Vienna's current state under Joseph's reign. Wucherer, Vienna 1787.
  • Life story of Marx Anton Wittola . The world wisdom and theology of doctor, Probstens infulied Bienco in Croatia and pastor in Probstdorf in the country under the Ens. Zierch, Vienna 1789.
  • Austrian national studies in outline. , Vienna 1789.
  • Political codex or essential description of all laws and regulations relating to the KK states in the political field. Graeffer, Vienna 1789.
  • Geographical handbook of the Austrian state. Johann Paul Krauss, Vienna 1790.
  • Lectures on the Austrian constitution. Meyer, Vienna 1793.
  • Guide to practical knowledge of the Austrian state. Meyer and Patzowsky, Vienna 1794.
  • Justitzcodex. , Vienna 1795.
  • Historical-statistical reading book to the knowledge of the Austrian state. Rehm, Vienna 1797.
  • Strange epochs under the government of Emperor Franz II. Rehm, Vienna 1798.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Grete Klingenstein: Professor Sonnenfels is not allowed to travel. Observations on the beginnings of economic, social and political sciences in Austria . In: Hedwig Kopetz et al. (Ed.): Socio-cultural change in the constitutional state. Phenomena of political transformation. FS Wolfgang Mantl . Vol. 2, Böhlau, Vienna 2004, p. 834.
  2. ↑ Martin E. Urmann: Isolated Enlightenment, Marginal Liberalism? Reflections on the intellectual and ideological history of the University of Innsbruck in the "long" 19th century. In: Klaus Müller-Salget and Sigurd Paul Scheichl (eds.): Echoes of the Enlightenment in the 19th and 20th centuries. For Werner M. Bauer on his 65th birthday . Innsbruck Univ. Press, Innsbruck 2008, p. 156.
personal data
SURNAME Luca, Ignaz de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES De Luca, Ignaz; DeLuca, Ignaz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian constitutional lawyer, writer and statistician
DATE OF BIRTH January 29, 1746
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH April 24, 1799
Place of death Vienna