Isak Engelberg

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Stumbling blocks for Isak and Betty Engelberg

Isak Engelberg ( July 19, 1889 in Buczacz ( Galicia ) (today Butschatsch ) or Przewłoka - probably in Lemberg in 1942 ) was a merchant who lived in Heidelberg and was deported and murdered by the Nazi regime. His wife, Betti Engelberg, was also killed in the Shoah .

Life

Villa at Bluntschlistraße 4 in Heidelberg

Nothing is known about Isak Engelberg's family of origin. According to his own statements, he completed a commercial apprenticeship in Buczacz from 1905 to 1908. He was with Betti geb. Hirschhorn (born September 3, 1895 in Buczacz) married. The couple moved to Heidelberg and moved into an apartment at Bleichstrasse 12. From June 1925, he ran a laundry business as well as a textile and furniture store at Hauptstrasse 55. In 1934, he gave up the lingerie business and bought a shoe store at Plöck 69. Der The purchase contract is dated March 17, 1934. The seller was 24-year-old Salo Goldschneider, who sold his mother's business because he wanted to return to Poland due to the increasing pressure of persecution of the Nazi regime against people of Jewish origin. In the commercial act for purchase there are notes such as “Foreigner Poland!” And “Residence permit: how long?”

As early as 1933, Isak Engelberg had acquired a villa at Bluntschlistraße 4 in Heidelberg-Bergheim from the cigar manufacturers Max and Ferdinand Liebhold , which he lived in with his wife from 1935. Both were previously registered in an apartment at Rohrbacher Strasse 22. As part of the so-called “ Poland Action ”, he, who was still a Polish citizen, was expelled from the German Reich on October 28, 1938 and deported to Poland. Since the Polish government did not want to let the deported into the country, they had to wait for days without food in the overcrowded border stations or in no man's land until the Polish authorities let them pass.

In February 1939 his wife was also deported to Poland. The shoe shop, which had already been looted and destroyed during the November pogroms in 1938 , was " Aryanized " on February 16, 1939. The new owner was Josefine Huber, b. Schwarz, lives at Bluntschlistraße 3, across from the Engelberg couple. The villa became a so-called Jewish house , in which 14 citizens of the city had to wait for their deportation. Stumbling blocks were laid for three of them in 2016. From 1943 at the latest, the house came into the possession of the city of Heidelberg, which turned it into a municipal nursing home. Restitution proceedings for one of Betti Engelberg's nephews in the 1960s came to nothing because the applicant was apparently unable to prove that “the Engelberg couple lived in Heidelberg”. The city of Heidelberg continues to own the villa.

In the memorial book of the Federal Archives there is the note “Deportation to Ghetto Lemberg (Lwiw)” under both names , with no date of death. In the files for reparation it is noted that Isak Engelberg had to do forced labor in the Janowska Strasse camp from November 1941 to December 1942 and that she was probably killed as a result. The Heidelberg District Court set the date of his death as December 31, 1942. His wife was pronounced dead on May 8, 1945.

Commemoration

In memory of Isak and Betti Engelberg, Gunter Demnig laid stumbling blocks in front of their previous villa on June 28, 2016 . The inscriptions are as follows:

ISAK ENGELBERG JG LIVED HERE. 1889 'POLENAKTION' 1938 BENTSCHEN / ZBASZYN MURDERED IN LEMBERG

Betti ENGELBERG GEB. LIVED HERE HIRSCHHORN JG. 1895 ESCAPE FEB. 1939 POLAND MURDERED IN LEMBERG

literature

  • Norbert Giovannini, Claudia Rink, Frank Moraw: Remember, preserve, commemorate. The Jewish residents of Heidelberg and their relatives 1933–1945. Biographical Lexicon. Verlag Das Wunderhorn , Heidelberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-88423-353-5 ; P. 97
  • They had to go back to Poland: Isak and Betti Engelberg. Rhein-Neckar-Zeitung edition 159 of July 12, 2016, p. 5; on-line

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Biographies Isak and Betti Engelberg, Initiative Stolpersteine ​​für Heidelberg, p. 17 , pdf accessed on August 16, 2017
  2. ↑ a b c d e cf. Literature: Giovannini, Rink, Moraw
  3. ↑ a b 7. Stolperstein laying on Tuesday, June 28, 2016 in Heidelberg, p. 12 , PDF of the brochure on Stolperstein laying on June 28, 2016, published by the Stolpersteine ​​für Heidelberg initiative
  4. ^ Entry in the Central Database of the Names of Holocaust Victims at the Yad Vashem Memorial
  5. ^ Betty Engelberg in the Central Database of the Names of Holocaust Victims at the Yad Vashem Memorial
personal data
SURNAME Engelberg, Isak
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Engelberg, Isaac
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Polish merchant and Nazi victim
DATE OF BIRTH July 19, 1889
PLACE OF BIRTH Buczacz or Przewłoka
DATE OF DEATH uncertain: 1942
Place of death Lviv