Isidoro Errázuriz

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Isidoro Errázuriz

Isidoro Errázuriz Errázuriz (born April 12, 1835 in Santiago de Chile , † March 12, 1898 in Rio de Janeiro ) was a Chilean politician and diplomat .

life and work

Youth and Studies

As the son of the mine and landowner Manuel Antonio Errázuriz and his wife Rosa Errázuriz Mayo, he initially received private lessons and then attended the Instituto National in Santiago de Chile. He then studied at the Jesuit College in Georgetown near Washington, DC and received a Baccalaureus graduation from the Faculty of Philosophy. In 1852 he met in Hamburg German and moved a year later, the University of Göttingen to law study. He became active in the fraternity of Hannovera . He completed his studies in 1856 with a PhD. jur. from.

Beginning in Chile

Returning to Santiago de Chile, he settled as a lawyer, wrote for various newspapers and joined the opposition movement. In 1857 he went to Germany again to marry 18-year-old Virginia Höllman and return to Chile with her the following year; the marriage remained childless. On December 12, 1858, five liberals, including Isidoro Errázuriz, called for a meeting in a concert hall in Santiago de Chile. There ideas for the democratization of the constitution of 1833 should be developed and decided. The military dissolved the meeting; over 150 participants were arrested. Newspapers for which Errázuriz had written were banned. He himself was sentenced to six years' exile (the sentence to death and pardon for exile presented in some biographies is probably incorrect).

Further political activity

He moved to Mendoza in Argentina , where he worked temporarily at an Argentine court and founded the “Constitutional Newspaper”. His amnesty took place after two years. In Chile he continued to work as a journalist. In particular, he founded his own newspaper, "La Patria", which was published in Valparaíso . But he also turned actively to politics. From 1867 to 1884 he was almost continuously a member of the Chilean Parliament or Senator of the Republic of Chile. In the so-called Saltpeter War (1879-1884) against Peru and Bolivia he took part as a government representative and witnessed several battles and the entry of the victorious Chilean troops into the Peruvian capital Lima . Between the actual acts of war, he took on the role of parliamentarian. He reported on his experiences in several sequels in Chilean newspapers.

In 1886 he worked as State Commissioner in an area of ​​the Central Andes inhabited by the Araucanian Indian tribe . He reported about this people in the book "Tres razas".

From 1887 he was in Paris for two years on behalf of the Chilean government to force the immigration of Europeans to Chile. When he returned to his homeland, he was appointed Minister of Justice and Education. In the civil war of 1891 he sided with the insurgents who were demanding a parliamentary system of government. After the victory of the revolutionaries, Isidoro Errázuriz was given almost one department at a time in the frequent cabinet reshuffles in the following two years, sometimes several at the same time. So he was first Minister for Industrialization and Public Works, then Foreign Minister, Minister of Justice and again Minister for Industrialization, in addition, Deputy Minister of War and Navy, Minister of Justice, Minister of Education and again Minister of Industrialization. From 1893 to 1896, the tenure as Minister of War and the Navy was less hectic. From 1897 to 1898 he was the Chilean government's ambassador to Brazil , where he died of yellow fever in Rio de Janeiro in 1898.

Publications

Isidoro Errázuriz wrote a number of treatises of a constitutional nature and also on contemporary historical problems in Chile, most of which he got to know better personally through his work as a government representative on his travels. He initially published some of these works - partly in continuation - in newspapers that he himself edited; an edition in book form was sometimes only posthumous. Some of his elaborations were first published years after his death.

  • Historia de la administratión Errázuris 1823–1871 ("History of the administration of Errázuris 1823–1871"), Valparaiso: La Patria, 1877 (reprinted by Directión general de prisiones, Santiago de Chile: 1935)
  • Relación completa de la battalas de Chorrillos y Miraflores escrita en el teatro de la guerra por el corresponsal de "La Patria" ("Comprehensive report of the battles at Chorrillos and Miraflores, prepared in the theater of war by the correspondent of the newspaper 'La Patria'" ), Valparaiso: 1881
  • Hombres y cosas durante la guerra (“Men and Affairs of War”), La Patria, Valparaiso: 1882
  • La Iglesia y el Estado (“State and Church”), published together with José Manuel Balmaceda and Augusto Orrego Luco, printer of the newspaper República, Santiago de Chile: 1884
  • Tres razas (“Three Races”), Valparaiso: La Patria, 1887
  • Tributo de admiracion á la memoria del ilustre hombre de letras, eminent diplomata y poeta chileno Dr. D. Izidoro Errázuriz ("Biography of the Chilean scientist, politician and writer Izidoro Errázuriz"), Rio de Janeiro: Villela & Co., 1902
  • Obras de Isidoro Errázuris: discursos parlamentarios ("Parliamentary Speeches by Isidoro Errázuris"), Santiago de Chile: 1910
  • Diario de don Isidoro Errázuris 1851–1856 (“Diary of Isidoro Errázuris 1851–1856”), Santiago de Chile: Nascimento; 1947

Isidoro Errázuris also wrote some poems.

literature

  • Figuerora, Pedro Pablo: Diccionario biográfico de Chile , 4th edition, Volume I, Santiago de Chile: 1897, p. 404 ff. (Reprint 1974)
  • Fuentes, Jordi, Lia Cortés: Diccionario historico de Chile , Santiago de Chile: Editorial del Pacifico, 1965, p. 151 f.
  • Bizzarro, Salvatore: Historical Dictionary of Chile , Second Edition, The Scarecrow Press, Inc. Metuchen, NJ, & London, 1987, p. 184
  • Collier, Simon, William F. Sater: A History of Chile, 1808-1994 , Cambridge, University Press, 1996, p. 112
  • Helge Dvorak: Biographical Lexicon of the German Burschenschaft. Volume I Politicians, Part 1: A – E. Heidelberg 1996, pp. 263-264.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Biography at Historia Política Legislativa del Congreso Nacional de Chile
  2. ^ Henning Tegtmeyer : Directory of members of the fraternity of Hannovera Göttingen, 1848–1998 , page 18
  3. ↑ Memoria Chilena, pp. 251, 253
  4. ↑ http://catalogo.bcn.cl/ipac20/ipac.jsp?session=Q33270VV94661.204326&profile=bcn&source=~!horizon&view=subscriptionsummary&uri=full=3100001~!119842~!0&ri=4&aspect&=subtabsp146&20=20=search&search=12 = & term = ERRAZURIZ, + ISIDORO + 1835-1898 & index = SUBJECP & uindex = & aspect = subtab146 & menu = search & ri = 4
  5. ↑ Biography at Historia Política Legislativa del Congreso Nacional de Chile

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Errázuriz, Isidoro
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Chilean politician and diplomat
DATE OF BIRTH April 12, 1835
PLACE OF BIRTH Santiago de Chile
DATE OF DEATH March 12, 1898
Place of death Rio de Janeiro