Mendoza (Argentina)

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Mendoza
Downtown Mendoza.jpg
Basic data
Area: 57 km 2
location 32 ° 53 ′  S , 68 ° 50 ′  W Coordinates: 32 ° 53 ′  S , 68 ° 50 ′  W
Height above d. M .: 824  m
Population (2010): 114,893
Density: 2016 population / km²
Agglomeration : Gran Mendoza
  - Population: 937.154
  (Argentina)
(32 ° 53 ′ 0 ″ S, 68 ° 50 ′ 0 ″ W)
 
administration
Province : MendozaMendoza Mendoza
Department : Capital
Mayor: Rodolfo Suarez
miscellaneous
Postal code : M5500
Telephone code: 0261
Mendoza website

Mendoza is the capital of the Argentinian province of Mendoza of the same name . According to the 2010 census, the city itself has around 115,000, its Gran Mendoza agglomeration has around 937,000 inhabitants. It is known for its viticulture .

geography

Mendoza is located at an altitude of 707 meters in the central west of Argentina at the foot of the Andes Cordillera , which has the highest peaks at this point with the mountain Aconcagua (6961 m). The landscape is a barren dry steppe , which is irrigated in the immediate vicinity of the city, so that viticulture is possible. The landscape in which Mendoza is located is also known as Cuyo .

climate

The climate is dry, sunny and temperate in terms of temperatures.

Mendoza
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.
 
 
48
 
32
18th
 
 
38
 
31
18th
 
 
35
 
27
15th
 
 
13th
 
23
11
 
 
7.9
 
19th
6th
 
 
3.6
 
16
3
 
 
12th
 
15th
2
 
 
5.3
 
18th
4th
 
 
13th
 
20th
6th
 
 
8.2
 
26
12th
 
 
15th
 
29
15th
 
 
23
 
32
18th
Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm
Source: WMO
Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Mendoza
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 32.0 30.8 27.2 23.4 19.0 15.5 14.7 18.0 20.4 25.6 29.2 31.7 O 23.9
Min. Temperature (° C) 18.4 17.5 14.9 10.6 5.7 2.6 2.4 4.4 6.4 11.6 14.8 17.8 O 10.6
Precipitation ( mm ) 48.2 38.0 34.7 13.4 7.9 3.6 12.2 5.3 13.2 8.2 15.2 23.3 Σ 223.2
Rainy days ( d ) 7th 6th 5 3 2 2 4th 2 4th 3 4th 4th Σ 46
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
32.0
18.4
30.8
17.5
27.2
14.9
23.4
10.6
19.0
5.7
15.5
2.6
14.7
2.4
18.0
4.4
20.4
6.4
25.6
11.6
29.2
14.8
31.7
17.8
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g 		48.2
38.0
34.7
13.4
7.9
3.6
12.2
5.3
13.2
8.2
15.2
23.3
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Source: WMO

story

The city was founded in 1561 by Pedro del Castillo and named after García Hurtado de Mendoza , the governor of Chile. But it remained an insignificant small town for a long time.

In 1817 General José de San Martín , governor of Cuyo since 1813, set out in Las Heras, Mendoza, with his revolutionary army to cross the Andes and fight for the liberation of Chile and Peru from colonial rule.

On March 20, 1861, an earthquake completely destroyed the city, so that today only the ruins of the Church of St. Francis remain from the colonial era. In the quake, around 6,000 of the 18,600 residents, i.e. around a third of the residents, lost their lives. Two years later the city was rebuilt. At the end of the 19th century, Mendoza had an agriculture school, lively trade and in 1882 again 18,200 inhabitants. A railway line has connected the city with Buenos Aires since 1884 , but has not been in service since the advent of bus transport in the 1960s.

On April 20, 1934, the Roman Catholic diocese of Mendoza was established and in 1961 raised to the status of the Archdiocese of Mendoza . The episcopal church is the Catedral Nuestra Señora de Loreto .

View from Cerro de la Gloria on Mendoza

Today Mendoza is a modern “oasis metropolis”, all green areas are artificially irrigated.

population

The city itself has 115,000 inhabitants. Greater Mendoza also includes parts of the departments of Godoy Cruz , Guaymallén , Las Heras , Maipú and Luján de Cuyo . Most of the inhabitants are descendants of Spaniards , Italians and Arabs .

Economy and Infrastructure

Mendoza (city center and El Plumerillo airport ) seen from the north, from an altitude of 11 km, during the flyby to Santiago de Chile.

Economic sectors

The dominant branch of the economy is viticulture and the resulting processing industry. Oil production and processing is also important (refinery in Luján de Cuyo). In addition, Mendoza is considered the gateway to Chile with the nearby greater Santiago de Chile and is therefore an important trading metropolis.

traffic

A Trolleybus Solingen trolleybus from Germany

El Plumerillo Airport in the northern suburb of Las Heras is the most important airport in western Argentina, although connections have been severely thinned out since the Argentina crisis . There is also the “ Aeroparque Ciudad Mendoza ” in the west of the city .

The public transport is since the end of the tram handled 1,965 buses, since 1958 also operate trolleybuses . In 2006, it was decided to build a light rail based on the European model, the Metrotranvía Mendoza ( MTM for short ), which partly runs on the old tram tracks and was opened in 2012 after delays. The operation will initially be carried out with type U2 cars handed over from San Diego .

education

Mendoza is the seat of the Universidad de Mendoza , Universidad Champagnat and Universidad Nacional de Cuyo . There is also a branch of the Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina here .

Culture and sights

The most famous event in the city is the Grape Harvest Festival , which has been held for three months every year since 1936 in summer and early autumn. The festivities culminate in March, when music and dance events take place in the Mendoza amphitheater and a wine queen is elected from among the candidates from the various departments of the province.

Town twinning

sons and daughters of the town

Web links

Commons : Mendoza (city)  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Antonio Gili: Giovanni Battista Gargantini. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . September 5, 2007 , accessed December 16, 2019 .