Israel Bursztyn
Israel Bursztyn (born January 7, 1896 in Warsaw , Russian Empire ; died December 15, 1941 in Suresnes , France) was a Polish-French journalist.
Life
Bursztyn grew up in a large family in Warsaw. He spoke five languages and learned the woodworking trade . During the First World War , after the German conquest of Poland, he was brought into the mining industry in the Ruhr area as a foreign worker . After the peace treaty in Brest-Litovsk , he went back to Warsaw, but was imprisoned there for revolutionary activities. Back in Essen he joined the Spartakusbund and was sentenced to six years in prison after the November Revolution in Germany. He escaped imprisonment in the Republic of Poland and was drafted there in 1919 as a soldier for the wars against the Soviet Union . In 1923 he moved to France. Bursztyn married Jochwet ("Ida") Brand in Paris in 1925, whom he had met in Essen. In 1930, the family received French citizenship . In Paris he worked in the furniture industry until the Great Depression in 1930, after which he was unemployed and fought as a trader in markets. He was a trade unionist and became a union secretary and treasurer in the “Union des travailleurs artisans et marchands forains” (traders) of the Confédération Générale du Travail Unitaire (CGTU). Bursztyn joined the French Communist Party (PCF). When it was founded in 1934, he was co-editor of the Yiddish daily Naie Presse (La Presse Nouvelle), which is affiliated with the PCF, and chairman of the Society of Jewish Workers' Press. Until 1938 he also worked in the editorial department of the Naien Press .
When war broke out in 1939, he was mobilized as a soldier. After the German conquest of France in 1940, as a communist and a Jew, he was doubly endangered. In the underground trade union Main-d'œuvre immigrée , he organized aid for families affected by captivity and persecution. In August 1941, during the first mass arrest of Jews (Rafle) in the 11th arrondissement, the French gendarmerie imprisoned him in the Drancy camp .
In 1941, Bursztyn was one of one hundred so-called "Jewish, communist and anarchist " hostages who were shot as reprisals in the Wehrmacht prison in Mont Valérien by order of the Wehrmacht commander in occupied France, Otto von Stülpnagel . Communists Gabriel Péri and Lucien Sampaix were also among the hostages at this execution .
His wife Jochwet Bursztyn was imprisoned in Tourelles prison in 1941 , she was released in 1942 and went underground in unoccupied France . The son Moritz Bursztyn, who was born in Warsaw in 1920, escaped from prison in 1941 and remained underground. The son and Resistance fighter Leon Bursztyn, born in Paris in 1926 , was deported from the Drancy camp to the Auschwitz concentration camp and died there on June 23, 1945 after the liberation.
literature
- Bursztyn, Jochwet b. Brand , in: Hermann Schröter (ed.): History and fate of the Essen Jews: memorial book for the Jewish fellow citizens of the city of Essen . Essen: City of Essen, 1980, p. 499
- David Diamant: Combattants, héros et martyrs de la résistance . Paris: Éd. Renouveau, 1984, pp. 34-35 (not accessed).
Web links
- Lynda Khayat: Bursztyn Israël , at: Le maitron dictionaire biographique fusillés et massacrés de la Résistance française ; CNRS; University of Paris, Center d'histoire sociale du XXe siècle (fr)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Claudie Bassi-Lederman; Roland Wlos: La Naïe Presse, journal progressiste en yiddish , in: L'Humanité , 11 January 2013
- ↑ 75011 - 10 rue Morand - Bursztyn , memorial plaque in rue Morand in: Chemins d'histoire dans Paris libéré (1944-1945)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Bursztyn, Israel |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Polish-French journalist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 7, 1896 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Warsaw , Russian Empire |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 15, 1941 |
| Place of death | Suresnes , France |