Issachar Ber Ryback

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pogrom
Cover illustration by Ryback for the children's book In Vald von Leib Kwitko (Berlin, 1922)
Illustration from Ryback to Me shlisṭ oys derfar by Leib Kwitko (USSR, 1922)
The Synagogue in Dubrouna (1917)

Issachar Ber Ryback (also Riback ; born 2. February 1897 in Jelisawetgrad , Imperial Russia , died 22. December 1935 in Paris ) was a Ukrainian-French painter.

Life

Ryback attended the art school in Kiev until 1916. He joined a progressive group of painters and was influenced by proponents of modern Jewish literature such as David Bergelson and David Hofstein , as well as the painters Alexander Bogomazow and Alexandra Exter , with whom he had lessons in 1913, stayed in Kiev at the time. In 1916 he and El Lissitzky were commissioned to record Jewish art monuments from the shtetls of the Ukraine and Belarus . When he took part in an exhibition of Jewish painters and sculptors in Moscow in the spring of 1917 , his work received special praise.

After the Russian Revolution he was involved in the various activities aimed at redefining an avant-garde Yiddish culture in the Soviet Union and went to Moscow for this. After his father was murdered by Petljura's soldiers in pogroms in Ukraine , he fled to Kaunas in April 1921 and received a visa for Germany in October 1921 . Until 1924 he was a member of the November group in Berlin and exhibited his cubist-style paintings at both the Berlin Secession and the jury-free art exhibition . He illustrated three small Yiddish fairy tale books for Miriam Margolin , and his shtetl lithographs were printed in 1923 by the Swiss publishing house. He designed the logo for the Jewish training organization World ORT Union , which has since moved to Berlin . In 1924 he tried again to work as a set designer for Yiddish theaters in the Soviet Union.

In 1926 he finally emigrated to Paris . In 1928 he had a solo exhibition in the "Galerie aux Quatre Chemins" and in 1929 in the "Galerie L'Art Contemporain"; his painting style was now based on the expressionist colors of the École de Paris in the interwar period. Further solo exhibitions followed in galleries in The Hague, Rotterdam, Brussels and Antwerp. In 1935 he traveled to Cambridge for the opening of the exhibition . He did not see the retrospective organized by Georges Wildenstein in Paris .

Ryback was a contemporary of the Jewish-Russian artists El Lissitzky, Natan Issajewitsch Altman , Boris Aronson, and Marc Chagall , who sought to revive the Jewish tradition in modern art. Most of his estate is in the Ryback Museum in Bat Yam , Israel, and is part of the MoBY museum complex.

Fonts (selection)

  • Exhibition. J. Ryback. Book u. Art print by Lutze and Vogt, Berlin 1923.
  • A l'ombre du passe. Les Editions Graphiques, Paris 1932.
  • Leib Kwitko: In Vald ("In the forest"), drawings by Issachar Ryback, threshold publishing house, Berlin 1922. Contained in Yiddish and in German translation in: David Bergelson, Lejb Kwitko, Peretz Markisch, Ber Smoliar : The Galaganer Hahn: Yiddish children's books from Berlin ; Yiddish and German , from d. Yidd. transfer and ed. by Andrej Jendrusch, Berlin: Ed. DODO, 2003 ISBN 3-934351-06-9
  • Leib Kwitko: Voigelen ("Birds"), drawings by Issachar Ryback, threshold publishing house, Berlin 1922. Contained in Yiddish and in German translation in: David Bergelson, Lejb Kwitko, Peretz Markisch, Ber Smoliar: The Galaganer Hahn: Yiddish children's books from Berlin ; Yiddish and German , from d. Yidd. transfer and ed. by Andrej Jendrusch, Berlin: Ed. DODO, 2003 ISBN 3-934351-06-9

literature

  • Salomon Wininger : Great Jewish National Biography . Kraus Reprint, Nendeln 1979, ISBN 3-262-01204-1 (reprint of the Czernowitz edition 1925). Volume 5, p. 189
  • Issesokher Ber Ribak: zayn lebn un shafn. Funm Komitet tsu fareybikn dem ondek fun Issesokher Ber Ribak, Paris 1937
  • Zalmen Reyzen : Ryback Issakhar Ber . In: Lexikon fun der Yiddisher literature, presse un filologie. Volume 4, Farlag fun B. Kletskin, Wilna 1929, pp. 316-320
  • Raymond Cogniat: I. Ryback . Ėditions L'Amitié Française, Paris 1934.
  • Karl Schwarz : Jewish Artists of the 19h and 20h Centuries . New York 1949, pp. 203-207
  • Mané-Katz - Issachar Ryback: Connections . Mané-Katz Museum, Spring 1993. Haifa, 1993
  • CULTURE LEAGUE. Artistic Avant-Garde of the 1910's and the 1920's. December 20, 2007 - January 20, 2008, National Museum of Art of Ukraine a . a.
  • Sigalit Meidler-Waks: Issachar Ber Ryback. Life and work. Hentrich & Hentrich, Berlin 2019, ISBN 978-3-95565-311-8 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Vita according to the information from Comité & Foundation Issachar Ber Ryback
  2. ↑ Moby - Museums of Bat Yam. In: Rosa Luxemburg Foundation Israel Office. October 2016, accessed October 16, 2017 .
  3. ↑ Ryback House. In: Homepage of the MoBY complex. Retrieved October 17, 2017 .
personal data
SURNAME Ryback, Issachar Ber
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Riback, Issachar Ber; Рыбак, Иссахар-Бер (Russian spelling)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian-French painter
DATE OF BIRTH February 2, 1897
PLACE OF BIRTH Jelisavetgrad
DATE OF DEATH December 22, 1935
Place of death Paris