Ichinskaya Sopka

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Ichinskaya Sopka
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height 3621  m
location Kamchatka ( Russia )
Mountains Sredinny ridge
Dominance 164 km →  Tolbachik
Notch height 3125 m
Coordinates 55 ° 40 '42 "  N , 157 ° 43' 25"  E Coordinates: 55 ° 40 '42 "  N , 157 ° 43' 25"  E
Ichinskaya Sopka (Kamchatka Region)
Ichinskaya Sopka
Type Stratovolcano
rock Andesite , dacite , rhyodacite
Age of the rock Young Pleistocene to Holocene
Last eruption 1740
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The Ichinsky ( Russian Ичинская сопка ; also Itschinski , Ичинский or short Itscha , Ича ) is a stratovolcano in Sredinny Range on the Russian peninsula of Kamchatka . With a height of 3621  m (according to other information 3607  m ) it is by far the highest on the Sredinny Ridge and fifth to sixth highest on the peninsula as a whole. It is also the only active volcano outside of the current active zone in the eastern part of Kamchatka.

location

With a volume of 450 km³ and a diameter of around 20 km, the massive volcano is one of the largest on the peninsula. It is located in front of the main ridge of the mountains to the west and is located about 70 kilometers as the crow flies southwest of the nearest town, Esso . The volcanic massif towers over the surrounding mountains by more than 2000 meters and can be seen from the west of the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk, 130 kilometers away, when visibility is good. The surrounding mountains are partly extinct volcanoes, such as the Achtang volcano in the southeast .

The Ichinskaya Sopka is a Somma-type volcano : the summit is a 5 km long and 3 km wide caldera from which two larger and one smaller lava domes rise. The summit area is covered with a cap of firn from which glaciers flow into the valley in several directions .

The name of the volcano is derived from that of the river Itscha , which has its origins in several streams flowing down from the southern flank of the volcanic complex and flowing westwards to the Sea of ​​Okhotsk.

geology

The formation of the volcano began in the New Pleistocene (around 10,000 to 15,000 years ago) with the eruption of andesitic and basaltic-andesitic lava. The more than ten craters that surround the summit caldera in 1800 to 3000 meters, later also produced acidic dacite - and rhyodacite -Lava and -Asche.

The strongest eruption occurred about 6500 years ago, with lava flows up to 15 km long. Other active phases are at 4200-4000  BP and 2600-2400 BP. The last eruption probably occurred in the middle of the 18th century.

Today's activity is limited to fumaroles and solfataras in the caldera and on the northern flank at an altitude of about 3000 meters. In 1956, steam rose up to 250 meters above the fumarole field in the caldera.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Article Ichinskaja Sopka in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)http: //vorlage_gse.test/1%3D057069~2a%3DItschinskaja%20Sopka~2b%3DItschinskaja%20Sopka
  2. ↑ Website of the RAN Institute for Volcanology and Seismology in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky , s. Web links
  3. ↑ Topographic map 1: 200,000 N-57-II (edition 1986)

Web links