Jewish cemetery (Burghaslach)

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Jewish cemetery in Burghaslach, more recent part, 2011
Jewish cemetery in Burghaslach, older part, 2011
Jewish cemetery in Burghaslach, cemetery wall and Tahara house, 2011
Jewish cemetery in Burghaslach, entrance gate, 2010

The Jewish cemetery in Burghaslach in the Neustadt an der Aisch-Bad Windsheim district in Central Franconia is a Jewish burial site that was occupied from 1775 to 1938. The most recent, irregular funerals took place in 1978 and 1985.

location

The 2960 m² cemetery, surrounded by a massive sandstone wall, is located on the southwestern outskirts. The wrought-iron entrance gate can be reached via a path behind the house at Mühlgasse 19. Opposite the entrance is the Tahara house of the cemetery , which is only occupied in the western half.

history

The first mentions of Jews in Burghaslach are from the years 1550 to 1556. The deceased of the Burghaslacher Kehillah were first buried in the Jewish cemeteries in Zeckern , Ullstadt and from the first half of the 18th century in Aschbach . After permission from the Castell rule , a burial site was built on a hill on the outskirts in 1775, which was also used by the Jewish communities in Fürstenforst (now part of Burghaslach) and Vestenbergsgreuth .

In the 18th and 19th centuries, almost two thirds of Burghaslach's inhabitants were Jews, before their share of the population decreased again during industrialization due to emigration to the cities. In addition to the cemetery, the Jewish community in Burghaslach also had a synagogue (since 1687 at the latest), a mikveh and an elementary school (1859 to 1924 elementary school ). The community had belonged to the Uehlfeld district rabbinate since 1839 and to the Schwabach district rabbinate from 1883 . In 1933 there were 60 Jewish residents in Burghaslach (7.3% of a total of 820).

The cemetery was desecrated during the National Socialist era . In April 1936 several tombstones were destroyed and in 1937 there was also devastation. The last funeral took place on June 9, 1938. During the November pogroms in 1938 , the Jewish residents were detained in an inn for several days. SA people looted their property and destroyed the synagogue's furnishings. About 50 Jews born or resident in Burghaslach, who had to leave the place by 1940, fell victim to the Holocaust . Only 20 people managed to escape abroad, including Ruth Lapide , who later became a religious scholar . Rosenblatt, who was able to emigrate to Palestine with her parents . The building of the synagogue, which was damaged in 1938, was then converted into a workshop and residential building and has been preserved as such (Neustädter Straße 1).

Today there are around 205 gravestones in the Jewish cemetery in Burghaslach. In 1985 a person who died in South Africa was transferred to Burghaslach to be buried with his ancestors. In 2007 the Tahara House was renovated with the participation of the German Foundation for Monument Protection .

literature

  • Johann Fleischmann: Mezuzah 3. Traces of the Jewish past in Aisch, Aurach, Ebrach and Seebach. The Jewish cemeteries of Zeckern, Walsdorf, Aschbach, Uehlfeld, Mühlhausen, Lisberg, Burghaslach and Reichmannsdorf . Mühlhausen 2002, ISBN 3-933623-07-3
  • Israel Schwierz: Stone evidence of Jewish life in Bavaria. A documentation . Ed. from the Bavarian State Center for Political Education . Munich 1988, p. 185, ISBN 3-87052-393-X

swell

  1. ^ A b Alemannia Judaica : Burghaslach - Jewish cemetery . As of October 25, 2011.
  2. ^ A b Alemannia Judaica : Burghaslach - Jewish history / synagogue . As of October 25, 2011.
  3. ^ Commemorative Book - Victims of Persecution of the Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny 1933–1945 . As of May 19, 2011.
  4. ↑ Central archive for research into the history of Jews in Germany : Jewish cemeteries in Bavaria - Burghaslach . As of October 25, 2011.
  5. ↑ Tahara House of the Jewish Cemetery. German Foundation for Monument Protection , accessed on April 12, 2013 .

Web links

Commons : Jewish Cemetery  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 49 ° 43 ′ 49 ″  N , 10 ° 35 ′ 48 ″  E