Jakob Carl Spener

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Jakob Carl Spener (also: Jacob Karl Spener ; born February 1, 1684 in Frankfurt am Main ; † June 12, 1730 in Wittenberg ) was a German constitutional lawyer and historian .

Life

His father, Philipp Jacob Spener , aroused Spener's interest in historical studies. After preparing at the grammar schools in Halle (Saale) and since 1699 in Gotha , he began studying theology at the University of Halle in 1701 . In 1706 he moved to the University of Helmstedt , where he broke off the study of theology and instead turned to law. To continue his studies, he went on a scholarly trip that took him to the universities of Leiden , Utrecht and Oxford . Via Berlin , where he worked as an intern, he returned to Halle, became a full professor of philosophy in 1710 and received his doctorate in Leiden on August 25, 1710 as a doctor of law.

In 1718 he was appointed as a substitute for Michael Heinrich Gribner at the University of Wittenberg , where he became special professor of the Pandects at the law faculty and in 1719 professor of history. As the son of Philipp Jacob Spener, he was exposed to a lot of hostility in the center of Saxon Lutheran orthodoxy . However, he received protection from the Saxon court in Dresden. In 1720 he got an extraordinary position as a member of the Wittenberg consistory , soon became a substitute for the court councilor Christoph Heinrich von Berger , and in 1727 he was accepted as a full professor in the college of the law faculty, the Schöppenstuhl and the court court. Since 1726 Spener was also a member of the Royal Prussian Society of Sciences . After he had been rector of the Wittenberg University in the summer semester of 1726 , he suffered a heart attack in March 1728 due to the constant overexertion in his offices, from the consequences of which he no longer recovered.

Act

Since 1727 Spener had not given any historical lectures at the Wittenberg University. Even before his time in Wittenberg, he presented his Historia Germaniae ... , which show the typical Halle characteristics of historiography, which are based primarily on Hugo Grotius and Samuel von Pufendorf . Spener used history pragmatically to link it with law. Church history was connected with political history, in which the progress of his work lay in the detachment of history from theological. In his pragmatic view of history, among other things, he allowed the historical contexts of the individual German states, such as Austria, Prussia and Saxony, to flow into it and thus stood out in his approach from the cold-headed treatment of the previous historiography in Wittenberg. One of his students was Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf .

family

The following children are known from his marriage to Helana Catharina von Huyss:

  1. Elisabeth Susanna Carolina (born June 7, 1721 in Wittenberg)
  2. Philipp Ludwig (born July 28, 1723 in Wittenberg)
  3. Johann Bernhard Heinrich (born September 5, 1726 in Wittenberg), is said to have become court and war councilor.

One of his children was stillborn on April 23, 1725 in Wittenberg.

Works (selection)

  • Teutsches IUS PUBLICUM or des Heil. Roman-German Empire complete legal teaching , 6 parts, Frankfurt / M. and Leipzig 1723-1725.
    • 4th part: III. Book and the first two chapters of Book IV, GoogleBooks .
    • Part 5: Third to eighth chapters of Book IV, GoogleBooks .
    • Part 6: Ninth and other chapters of Book IV, GoogleBooks .
  • Outline for a reliable view of the most distinguished European empires and states. Published by Renger, 1710
  • Historia Germaniae universalis & pragmatica. Leipzig and Halle 1716 (624 pages), GoogleBooks . Edition 1717 (888 pages), GoogleBooks .
  • Notitia Germaniae antiquate cum conspectu Germaniae antiquiae cum caonspectu Germaniae mediae. Hall 1717 (464 pages without indices), GoogleBooks .
  • Cognitatines in jus Romanum & Germanicum de usufructu maritali in bonis uxoriis. Wittenberg 1726
  • Diss. Examen Longobardicae doctrinae de Fellonia ack status Imp. Communiter applicatae. Wittenberg 1718
  • Diss. De tacita remissione feloniae. 1719
  • Diss. De formula antiquiorum ac recentiorum Lusatici marchionatus cum Mistico conjunctionum. 1722
  • Diss. De vera orgine comitum Palatinorum Caesareorum. Wittenberg 1726

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Spener, Jakob Carl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Spener, Jacob Karl
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German constitutional lawyer and historian
DATE OF BIRTH February 1, 1684
PLACE OF BIRTH Frankfurt am Main
DATE OF DEATH June 12, 1730
Place of death Wittenberg