Jacob Sturm (copperplate engraver)
Jacob Sturm (also Jakob Sturm ; born March 21, 1771 in Nuremberg ; † November 28, 1848 there ) was a German engraver and naturalist . Its official botanical author's abbreviation is " Sturm ".
Life
Sturm learned the profession of copperplate engraver from his father Johann Georg Sturm . At the age of 16 he made the acquaintance of the botanist Johann Christian von Schreber and the entomologist Georg Wolfgang Franz Panzer . They got him excited about nature.
Sturm initially dealt with insects . In 1789 he put together a book “ Collection of illustrations for natural history. Butterflies and beetles . ”In 1791 and 1792 he published the“ Insect Cabinet, drawn and engraved from nature ”. This edition did not yet contain any text. In 1792 Faunae “ Insectorum Germanicae initia ” appeared with explanations of Panzer.
His work “ Germany's fauna in images based on nature, with descriptions ”, which includes 500 copper engravings, was created later , while his botanical work “ Germany's flora in images based on nature with descriptions ” consists of 2,472 plates and contains texts.
Based on this flora, the well-known series " J. Sturm's Flora von Deutschland ", published by the German Teachers' Association for Natural History , appeared between 1900 and 1907 .
In recognition of his scientific work, the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Breslau awarded him the title of Dr. phil. honoris causae. In 1801, Sturm was a co-founder of the Nuremberg Natural History Society . Since 1846 he was a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina . He was a member of numerous natural research and scientific associations, u. a. the Senckenberg Society for Nature Research , the Society for Friends of Natural Science in Berlin , the Entomological Society in Stettin , the Linnean Society in Stockholm, the Wetterau Society , and many more
Jacob Sturm had two sons who later supported him in his work, on the one hand the artist and ornithologist Johann Heinrich Christian Friedrich Sturm (1805-1862) and on the other hand the botanist, ornithologist and copperplate engraver Johann Wilhelm Sturm (1808-1865). After his father's death, Johann Wilhelm continued to publish the series Germany's Flora in Pictures from Nature .
Sturm owned an extensive natural history collection. The insect collection was one of the largest in Germany at the time.
On March 24, 2019, an episode of the NDR's Lieb & Teuer program was broadcast, moderated by Janin Ullmann and filmed in Reinbek Castle . In it, four volumes of Germany's flora were discussed with antiquarian Daniel Schramm in illustrations based on nature with descriptions from 1837.
Honors
The plant genus Sturmia Hoppe from the sweet grass family (Poaceae) is named after Sturm .
Fonts
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J. Sturm's flora of Germany in illustrations from nature. I – XV, 2nd revised edition, KG Lutz, Stuttgart 1900–1907 ( digitized version )
- Volume 1, urn : nbn: de: hbz: 061: 2-18932 Softwoods, lilies, piston reeds , piston flowers = Coniferae, Liliiflorae, Pandanales, Spathiflorae. 2., reworked. Edition 1906
- Volume 2, urn : nbn: de: hbz: 061: 2-22065 sedge = Cyperaceae. 2., reworked. Edition 1900
- Volume 3, urn : nbn: de: hbz: 061: 2-30462 Real grasses = Gramineae. 2., reworked. Edition 1900
- Volume 4, urn : nbn: de: hbz: 061: 2-19590 Orchids, aquatic herbs , kitten carriers , nettles, sandals, easter lusks, dock = Orchideae, Helobiae, Amentaceae, Urticiflorae, Santalinae, Aristolochiales, Polygonaceae. 2., reworked. Edition 1905
- Volume 5, urn : nbn: de: hbz: 061: 2-20801 Medium-seeded and cluster fruits = Centrospermae and Polycarpicae. 2., reworked. Edition 1901
- Volume 6, urn : nbn: de: hbz: 061: 2-22193 Poppy-like, cistiflora and columnar supports = Rhoeadinae, Cistiflorae and Columniferae. 2., reworked. Edition 1902
- Volume 7, urn : nbn: de: hbz: 061: 2-22496 Beak fruit , balsam plants, soap trees, buckthorn plants, three-seeded, daphne and stone breakers = Gruinales, Terebinthinae, Sapindiflorae, Frangulinae, Tricoccae, Thymelaeinae,. 2., reworked. Edition 1902
- Volume 8, urn : nbn: de: hbz: 061: 2-19483 Rosen = Rosiflorae. 2., reworked. Edition 1904
- Volume 9, urn : nbn: de: hbz: 061: 2-20597 Legumes , myrtles, heathers, primroses = Leguminosae, Myrtiflorae, Bicornes, Primulinae. 2., reworked. Edition 1901
- Volume 10, urn : nbn: de: hbz: 061: 2-21963 Rohrblütler in the broader sense. 2., reworked. Edition 1903
- Volume 11, urn : nbn: de: hbz: 061: 2-19329 tubular bloods in the broader sense. 2., reworked. Edition 1903
- Volume 12, urn : nbn: de: hbz: 061: 2-21029 Umbrella-flowered and bell-flowered = Umbelliflorae and Campanulatae. 2., reworked. Edition 1904
- Volume 13, urn : nbn: de: hbz: 061: 2-22441 Bunch of flowers. 2., reworked. Edition 1905
- Volume 14, urn : nbn: de: hbz: 061: 2-20749 Bunch of flowers. 2., reworked. Edition 1906
- Volume 15, urn : nbn: de: hbz: 061: 2-20496 General Register . 2., reworked. Edition 1907
literature
- JW Hilpert: In memory of Dr. Jacob Sturm. Nuremberg 1849 ( digitized ).
- Johann Wilhelm Sturm : Dr. Sturm's natural history collection in Nuremberg. In: DF Weinland (ed.): The zoological garden. III. Vol. 9, September 1862, p. 220 ( digitized version ).
- Ernst Spiess: Natural history efforts of Nuremberg in the XVII. and XVIII. Century. The lives and works of their protectors and representatives . In: Abhandlungen der Naturhistorischen Gesellschaft zu Nürnberg 8, 1891, p. 202 ff. ( Digitized version ).
- Ernst Wunschmann: Sturm, Jakob . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 37, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1894, p. 20 f.
- Ferdinand Eisinger: Jakob Sturm - copper engraver and natural scientist in Nuremberg - 1771–1884 . In: International Entomological Journal . 13th year, no. 14 , 1919, col. 105–111 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
- Fritz Traugott Schulz : Sturm, artist family from Nuremberg, Jakob . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 32 : Stephens – Theodotos . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1938, p. 251 .
- Erika Bosl: Sturm, Jakob, engraver and entomologist. In: Karl Bosl (ed.): Bosls Bavarian biography. Pustet, Regensburg 1983, ISBN 3-7917-0792-2 , p. 765 ( digitized version ).
Web links
- Author entry and list of the plant names described for Jacob Sturm (copper engraver) at the IPNI
- Works by and about Jacob Sturm in the German Digital Library
Individual evidence
- ^ Sturm, 7) Jacob . In: Universal Lexicon of the Present and Past . 4., reworked. and greatly increased edition, Volume 17: Piece foundry – Turkish rain ball , self-published, Altenburg 1863, p. 12 .
- ↑ Miscellaneous - Dr. Sturm's Natural History Museum in Nuremberg. In: Wilhelm and Berthold Seemann (eds.): Bonplandia. 8th year, 1860, p. 317, digitized
- ↑ Video books: Germany's flora on ndr.de
- ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Storm, Jacob |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Sturm, Jakob |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German engraver and naturalist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 21, 1771 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Nuremberg |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 28, 1848 |
| Place of death | Nuremberg |