Jakob Andreas Hermann Oberreit

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Jakob Andreas Hermann Oberreit (born November 28, 1777 in Dresden ; † September 24, 1856 there ) was a Saxon major general and cartographer .

Live and act

Military career

At a young age, Oberreit was trained at the military engineering academy, which was part of the Saxon engineering corps . In 1793 he joined the engineering corps as a non-commissioned officer . He was not yet involved in the survey of the state, which had been running since 1780 under the leadership of Friedrich Ludwig Aster , with the creation of the miles sheets of Saxony . In 1804 he became a sub-lieutenant , in 1812 a prime lieutenant and in 1813 a captain . In that year he was also transferred to the General Staff of the newly formed I. Division of the VII Army Corps. There he acted as adjutant to Major von Koppenfels; the leadership was held by Lieutenant General Karl Christian Erdmann from Le Coq . At that time, the Kingdom of Saxony was fighting on the French side in the Wars of Liberation . On September 6, 1813, he was seriously wounded in the Battle of Dennewitz and taken prisoner. From 1815 to 1818 he remained on the General Staff in France. In 1817 he was promoted to major .

After his return he was appointed director of the military planning chamber in Dresden in 1819 and at the same time an expeditionary officer at the secret war chancellery. In 1831 he was promoted to lieutenant colonel. Finally, in 1834, he was also given the command of the engineering corps. He became colonel in 1837 and major general in 1849. In that year Oberreit was actively involved in suppressing the Dresden May uprising. In July of the same year he resigned from active service, but remained head of the military planning chamber until his death in 1856.

Work in the military planning chamber

In his function as director of the military planning chamber he led the completion of the Saxon land survey, in which between 1821 and 1825 another 70 mile sheets of the 445 sheets of maps were recorded on a scale of 1: 12,000.

Section from Sect. Freiberg of the Oberreit'schen Atlas

Oberreit was best known for the "Topographical Atlas of Saxony", often also called "Oberreit'scher Atlas". This is a reduction of the miles sheets commissioned by King Friedrich August I in 1819 "for the purposes of public utility and public use". For this purpose, the mile was mapped to 5 inches instead of 24 inches and the maps were oriented north. Each sheet is 70 × 79 cm in size and represents 30 square miles (5 × 6 miles) on a scale of 1: 57,600. The map series comprises 22 sheets, with some sheets called “surplus” only showing small areas that are supplemented by further information , e.g. B. by determined coordinate information. The atlas, made with impressive copperplate engravings, was started in 1821. The work dragged on for 39 years. The first batch came out in 1836 and was published in four batches between 1836 and 1860. At the London World's Fair in 1851 the delicacy of the map caused a sensation.

In 1912 another transfer edition was made of the atlas .

Honors

Oberreit has received several awards:

Works

  • Topographic atlas of the Kingdom of Saxony ( digitized in the SLUB map forum )
    • First delivery, containing the Dresden, Stolpen, Altenberg, Chemnitz and Wiesenthal sections. 1836
    • Second delivery, containing the sections Freyberg, Schwarzenberg, Zittau and Weissenberg. 1843
    • Third delivery, containing the Leipzig, Markranstaedt, Borna and Zwickau sections. 1850
    • Fourth delivery, containing the sections Plauen with Surplus Schoenberg, Elsterberg, Loebnitz, Oschatz, Großenhayn and Bautzen. 1858 and 1860
  • Topographic atlas of the Kingdom of Saxony . Reprint edition of the Association for Saxon Folklore Edition. Paul Herrmann, Dresden 1912.

literature

  • Hansch: History of the Royal Saxon Engineer and Pioneer Corps (Pioneer Battalion No. 12) . Self-published, Dresden 1898 ( digitized version ).
  • Werner Stams:  Obereit, Hermann. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 19, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-428-00200-8 , p. 383 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Hans Brunner: The Saxon land survey from 1780 to 1825 . In: Atlas of the history and regional studies of Saxony . Supplement to cards H 12.1 and H 12.2. Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig and Land Survey Office of Saxony, Leipzig / Dresden 2005.

Web links

Commons : Jakob Andreas Hermann Oberreit  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ H. Brunner, 2005, p. 39.
  2. ^ State manual for the Kingdom of Saxony. 1850, p. 7 ( digitized version )
  3. ↑ Dresden, February 18. In: Leipziger Zeitung. No. 38, February 23, 1819, p. 417 ( digitized version )
  4. ↑ Promotions and honors. In: Repertory of the entire German literature. Volume 12, FA Brockhaus, Leipzig, 1837 ( digitized version )
  5. ↑ Promotions and honors. In: Leipzig Repertory of German and Foreign Literature. Volume 1, FA Brockhaus, Leipzig, 1843 ( digitized version )
  6. ↑ Staff news . In: Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung. No. 115, April 25, 1845, p. 1086 ( digitized version )
personal data
SURNAME Oberreit, Jakob Andreas Hermann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Oberreit, Hermann
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Saxon major general and cartographer
DATE OF BIRTH November 28, 1777
PLACE OF BIRTH Dresden
DATE OF DEATH September 24, 1856
Place of death Dresden