Jakob Audorf the Elder

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Johann Heinrich Jacob Audorf (born December 30, 1807 in Hamburg ; † August 30, 1891 ibid) was a German hair scarf weaver and co-founder of the ADAV.

Live and act

Jakob Audorf was the son of Hans Jürgen Audorf , Reepschläger and Sara Audorf, nee. Petersen . He received training as a hair scarf weaver and thus worked in a trade that did not yet have any guilds . In 1836 he organized a strike with which the hairscarf weavers wanted to prevent wage cuts against the wage pushers. It was the beginning of the modern union labor movement in the Hanseatic city.

In 1845 Audorf joined the Hamburg workers' education association , which was supported by the Patriotic Society in order to limit the influence of the socialist workers. He met Wilhelm Weitling during his stay in Hamburg and influenced Audorf with his early socialist ideas.

During the German Revolution of 1848/1849 he advocated this theory of the Weitling Liberation League, which Weitling had brought into being. In the autumn of 1848 the citizens of Hamburg elected Audorf as the only workers in the Hamburg Constituent Assembly alongside Joachim Friedrich Martens . In 1851 he traveled to London on behalf of the Hamburg community of the League of Communists , where he conferred with Karl Marx .

In 1852 Jacob Audorf had to serve a three-month prison sentence as a communist. Because of his political activities, he went bankrupt and had to auction his loom. His two sons Heinrich (1833–1866) and Jakob jun. (* 1835) earned their own living at that time. Heinrich as a teacher at the Talmud Tora School and Jacob in an apprenticeship as a locksmith, so that they were not dependent on financial support from their father.

Jakob Audorf and his son Jakob were among the founding members of the General German Workers' Association (ADAV) in 1863, which went back to an initiative of Ferdinand Lassalle . The founding of the ADAV was also due to the initiative of the left wing of the Hamburg workers' education association, which no longer wanted to be patronized by liberal members. Audorf the Elder gave the impetus for the commitment of the left. After 1863 he promoted the ADAV, but did not take any offices. In 1869 he joined the party of August Bebel and Wilhelm Liebknecht .

During the time of the Socialist Law , Audorf wrote down his "Experiences of an Old Hamburger". The Hamburger Bürger-Zeitung printed them in seven installments from September to November 1886. The author thus played an essential part in the cohesion of the persecuted Hamburg Workers' Party, of which he was a figure of identity.

Jakob Audorf the Elder died on August 30, 1891. 7000 workers from his last apartment “Johannisbollwerk 5” via Winterhude to Ohlsdorf took part in the funeral procession. Karl Frohme said in his funeral speech at the Ohlsdorf cemetery that Audorf was one of the oldest men in the German labor movement. "And just as Johannes was a forerunner of Christ, the old Audorf was a forerunner of the German labor movement," said the Hamburg member of the Reichstag.

Publications

  • Experiences of an old hamburger . In: Bürger-Zeitung , Hamburg No. 226 of September 26, 1886; No. 238 of October 10, 1886, No. 244 of October 17, 1886, No. 250 of October 24, 1886; No. 256 of October 31, 1886; No. 262 of November 7, 1886 and No. 268 of November 14, 1886.

literature

  • Audorf, Johann Heinrich Jacob . In: Wermuth / Stieber : The Communist Conspiracies of the Nineteenth Century. On official order for use by the police authorities of all German federal states. Second part . AW Hayn, Berlin 1854, p. 20. Digitized
  • Jakob Audorf sen. In: The real Jacob . Stuttgart 1891, No. 136, pp. 1110-1111. Digitized
  • The funeral of the old party veteran Jakob Audorf sen. In: Hamburger Echo . No. 207 of September 4, 1891.
  • Arno Herzig : Jakob Audorf the Elder (1807-1891). On the interdependence of experience and theory in the early German labor movement . In: Labor Movement and History. Festschrift for Shlomo Na'aman on his 70th birthday . Edited by Hans-Peter Harstick , Arno Herzig, Hans Pelger. Trier 1983, pp. 23-40. (= Writings from Karl-Marx-Haus 29)
  • Arno Herzig: Audorf, Jakob the Elder . In: Franklin Kopitzsch, Dirk Brietzke (Hrsg.): Hamburgische Biographie . tape 4 . Wallstein, Göttingen 2008, ISBN 978-3-8353-0229-7 , pp. 25-26 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ St. Pauli Church, Baptism No. 302/1807. (Arno Herzig (1983), p. 36.)
  2. ↑ Simone Kaul: The hair towel weavers in Hamburg . PDF file
  3. ^ "Audorf [...] belonged with Marx to the 'League of Communists'." ( Franz Osterroth : Biographisches Lexikon des Sozialismus . JHW Dietz Verlag, Hanover 1960, p. 12.)
  4. ↑ The real Jacob . No. 136, p. 1110.
  5. ↑ Arno Herzig (1983), p. 39.
  6. ^ " Except for a short period when the Hamburg members set up the party executive on behalf of the Barmer General Assembly from April 30 to June 18, 1869 in order to bring about a democratization of the party." (Arno Herzig (1983), p. 35.)
  7. ↑ Arno Herzig (1983), p. 35.
personal data
SURNAME Audorf, Jakob the Elder
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Audorf, Johann Heinrich Jacob
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German hair towel weaver and co-founder of the ADAV
DATE OF BIRTH December 30, 1807
PLACE OF BIRTH Hamburg
DATE OF DEATH August 30, 1891
Place of death Hamburg