Karl Wermuth

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Karl Georg Ludwig Wermuth (* 1804 in Hameln ; † January 9, 1867 in Hanover ) was a German police director in the Kingdom of Hanover .

Life

Karl Georg Ludwig Wermuth was born in Hameln. He studied law at the Georg-August University in Göttingen and became a member of the Corps Bremensia . He graduated with a doctorate to become a Dr. iur. from. He worked as a senator for police affairs in Hameln. A major focus of his activity was the development of steam navigation on the Weser . From November 1842 to March 1846 he was the director of the United Weser Steamship Company. In his honor it was decided in 1846 to build a new steamship from this company, “Dr. Wormwood ”. In 1846 he was appointed to the Hanover Police Department. In 1847 he was given the task of reorganizing the state police and became “Königl. Hanover Police Director "promoted. At the beginning of 1854 he was appointed "General Police Director", also because he had a good personal relationship with Georg V (Hanover) . A planned appointment as Minister of the Interior in Hanover failed. In 1862 the Landdrost was established in Hildesheim . After Hanover lost its independence due to the German war , he was suspended from service and had to leave the country. When his request for reinstatement was denied, he shot himself.

"Dr. jur. H. Becker (...) On July 1st of the Js. he was appointed mayor of the imperial city of Dortmund to the cheering of the population. ... In 1866 the Kingdom of Hanover was first occupied by Prussia, then annexed and Mr. Wermuth, then Landdrost in Hildesheim, put a bullet through his head. - This is how the first witness ended. "

- Human fates, in: Der Freie Landesbote No. 170, Munich 1871.

His most important case was the Cologne Communist Trial . On May 10, 1851, Peter Nothjung was arrested at the train station in Leipzig during the Leipzig trade fair because he could not show any valid papers. The police found a list of the names of leading federal members on him. Just a few days later, Marx Friedrich Engels reports: “Nothjung was arrested at the train station in Leipzig. Of course, I don't know what papers have been found ”. Wermuth thanked his Saxon colleague Friedrich Eberhardt from Leipzig for the arrest of Nothjung's with the words: “For the communications from 28./30. v. M. and 2nd / 4th dM, regarding the magnificent Nothjung, my thanks. ". Together with his Berlin colleague Wilhelm Stieber , he prepared the long-awaited process. House searches were carried out, also in Hanover, letters were broken into and every attempt to organize workers was suppressed. The trial did not begin until October 4, 1852. The indictments were Peter Gerhard Roeser , Nothjung, Wilhelm Joseph Reiff , Hermann Becker , Roland Daniels , Carl Wunibald Otto , Abraham Jacobi , Wilhelm Jacob Klein , Johann Ludwig Albert Erhard and Friedrich Lessner . On October 20, 1852, Wermuth also appeared as a witness in Cologne. He reported on house searches at Adolf Mensching's and said, untruthfully, that Mensching had claimed that Becker was a member of the League of Communists. A defense attorney Schneider II stated that Wermuth overestimated the influence of the assumed ten federal members on eight thousand foreign journeymen and workers. Only three defendants were acquitted. Wermuth and Stieber produced an extensive work in which the democratic beginnings of the German labor movement were defamed. With 760 profiles of people they considered dangerous, the so-called “Black Book” is still of great value to the historians of the early German labor movement.

Wermuth was married to Emilia (Emmy) Dorothe Domeier (1815-1904). They had the son Adolf Wermuth . He was mayor of Berlin from 1912 to 1921 and had the daughter Frieda Wermuth (1853-1940), who was married to Georg Arnold Bacmeister .

Works

  • Collection of experience, results and facilities of the United Weser Steamship . March 1846
  • Hanover Police Bulletin. ed. from the Royal Police Directorate in Hanover. Hanover 1846–1866
  • [Karl Georg Ludwig] Wermuth / [Wilhelm] Stieber: The Communist conspiracies of the nineteenth century. On official order for use by the police authorities of all German federal states. First part. Contains: The historical presentation of the relevant investigations . AW Hayn, Berlin 1853 (Reprint: Olms, Hildesheim 1969 and Verlag Klaus Guhl, Berlin 1976) First part (MDZ Reader)
  • [Karl Georg Ludwig] Wermuth / [Wilhelm] Stieber: The Communist Conspiracies of the Nineteenth Century. On official order for use by the police authorities of all German federal states. Second part. Containing: The personal details of the persons appearing in the Communist investigations . AW Hayn, Berlin 1854 (Reprint: Olms, Hildesheim 1969 and Verlag Klaus Guhl, Berlin 1976) online

The Hanover City Archives keep three letters from him (1849–1857).

See also

literature

  • Karl Bittel : The Communist Trial in Cologne 1852 in the mirror of the contemporary press. Edited and introduced . Rütten & Loening, Berlin 1955.
  • Rudolf Herrnstadt : The first conspiracy against the international proletariat. On the history of the Cologne Communist Trial in 1852 . Rütten & Loening 1958.
  • Ernst Schraepler : From the correspondence of the Hanover police director Wermuth . In: Anita Mächler u. a. (Ed.): Festschrift for Richard Dietrich on his 65th birthday . Peter Lang, Frankfurt am Main 1976, p. 247 ff.
  • N. Weinitschke: Kugelmann , Wermuth and the factory tills in Hanover . in: Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter . New episode 37., 1983, pp. 85-97.
  • Dirk Riesener : Police and Political Culture in the 19th Century. The Hanover Police Department and the political public in the Kingdom of Hanover . Hanover 1996.
  • Hans-J. Schmidt-Stein: Karl Georg Ludwig Wermuth. General Police Director, Landdrost, suicide . Self-published, Hanover 2011.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Klaus Mlynek.
  2. ↑ Kösener corps lists 1910, 63/233.
  3. ^ So on the title page of: The Communist Conspiracies of the Nineteenth Century .
  4. ↑ Marx-Engels-Werke Vol. 27, p. 269.
  5. ^ New necrology of the Germans . 30 Vol. 2nd part, Weimar 1854, p. 807.
  6. ↑ Rudolf Herrnstadt, p. 356.
  7. ↑ Karl Bittel, p. 48.
  8. ↑ Karl Bittel, pp. 108–110 and p. 115.
  9. ↑ Karl Bittel, p. 172.
  10. ^ The Communist Conspiracies of the Nineteenth Century .
  11. ↑ familySearch.
  12. ^ Hans Szymanski: The steamship in Lower Saxony and in the adjacent areas from 1817 to 1867 . Bremen European University Press, Bremen 2011, p. 110.
personal data
SURNAME Vermouth, Karl
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Wermuth, Karl Georg Ludwig (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Police chief of Hanover
DATE OF BIRTH 1804
PLACE OF BIRTH Hamelin
DATE OF DEATH January 9, 1867
Place of death Hanover