Yakov Petrovich Polonsky

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Jakow Polonski 1856

Yakov Petrovich Polonsky ( Russian Яков Петрович Полонский ; born December 6, jul. / 18th December  1819 greg. In Ryazan , Ryazan Governorate , Russian Empire ; † October 18 jul. / The thirtieth October  1898 greg. In St. Petersburg , Russian Empire ) was a Russian poet , writer and librettist .

Yakov Polonski's grave at the Kremlin in Ryazan

Life

Polonski was born in the Russian city of Ryazan as the son of a civil servant and attended high school there. From 1838 on he studied at the Law Faculty of Lomonossow University in Moscow , where he met Afanassi Fet, among others, and which he graduated in spring 1844. In 1840 he published his first poems in the journal Notes of the Fatherland . In the fall of 1844 he moved to Odessa where he lived until June 1846 and published his second poetic collection of poems from 1845 . When the governor-general of Odessa Mikhail Vorontsov became governor in the Caucasus in 1845 , he followed him to Tbilisi , where he joined the governor's office and the editorial staff of the Transcaucasian Herald magazine .

In June 1851 Polonski left the Caucasus and went to Russia, where he lived first in Moscow and later in Saint Petersburg, from where he occasionally traveled abroad. In 1855 he became tutor of the family of the civil governor of Saint Petersburg Nikolai Smirnow (1807-1870) and his wife Alexandra Smirnowa , with whom he traveled to Baden-Baden in the spring of 1857 . In August 1857 he separated from the Smirnow family and went to Geneva to study painting. From there Polonski traveled on to Italy and then to Paris. In August 1858, after his marriage, he returned from Paris to Petersburg and was there between 1859 and 1860 the editor of the magazine Russisches Wort . From 1860 to 1896 he was employed in the Council of the General Directorate of the Press of the Committee of Foreign Censorship . Polonski became a corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences in 1886 .

In his memories of Taras Shevchenko in 1875 he wrote about his encounters with the Ukrainian national poet in Saint Petersburg. He wrote many of his poems to the music of Alexander Dargomyschski , Peter Tchaikovsky , Sergei Rachmaninow , Sergei Taneyev , and Anton Rubinstein or were set to music by them.

Jakow Polonski was married twice: The first marriage was in August 1858, but his wife died in the summer of 1860. He married a second time in 1866. He died in Saint Petersburg in 1898 at the age of 78 and was buried at the Kremlin in Ryazan.

Web links

Commons : Jakow Polonski  - collection of images
Wikisource: Jakow Petrowitsch Polonski  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Wladimir Sergejewitsch Solowjow : Polonski (Jakow Petrowitsch) . In: Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона - Enziklopeditscheski slowar Brokgausa i Jefrona . tape 14 [27]: Калака – Кардам5. Brockhaus-Efron, Saint Petersburg 1895, p. 361–363 (Russian, full text [ Wikisource ] PDF ).
  2. ↑ a b c Entry on Jakow Polonski in the Odessa Biographical Reference Book ; Retrieved July 27, 2018 (Russian).
  3. ↑ Entry on Jakow Polonski in the Library of World Literature (Chudoschestwennaja literatura) ; Retrieved July 27, 2018 (Russian).
  4. ↑ Memories of Taras Shevchenko on litopys.org.ua ; Retrieved July 27, 2018 (Ukrainian).
  5. ^ Entry on Jakiw Polonskyj in the Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia ; Retrieved July 27, 2018 (Ukrainian).
  6. ^ Entry on Jakow Polonski in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia 1979, on The Free Dictionary ; accessed on July 27, 2018 (English).
personal data
SURNAME Polonski, Jakow Petrovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Полонский, Яков Петрович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian poet, writer and librettist
DATE OF BIRTH December 18, 1819
PLACE OF BIRTH Ryazan , Ryazan Governorate , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH October 30, 1898
Place of death Saint Petersburg , Russian Empire