Alexandra Osipovna Smirnova

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Pierre Edmond Martin :
Alexandra Smirnowa

Alexandra Ossipovna Smirnova , née Rosset ( Russian Александра Осиповна Смирнова , scientific transliteration Aleksandra Osipovna Smirnova ; born March 6, 1809 in Odessa ; † June 7, 1882 in Paris ), was a Russian friend of Pushkin , Schukovsky , Gogol and Lermontdov Memoir writer.

Life

Alexandra, the daughter of the French-born Odessa port commander Ossip Ivanovich Rosset and his wife Nadezhda Ivanovna Rosset, née Lorer, lost their father at the age of five during a plague epidemic. The mother soon remarried with the general of the artillery Iwan Arnoldi.

Alexandra attended the St. Petersburg Katharinen Institute. Towards the end of her education there, the girl also lost her mother, but was lucky in the misfortune. Alexandra became court lady Sophie Dorothee von Württemberg , the widow of Paul I. After her death in 1828, Alexandra became court lady of the Empress of Russia . With her spirit and a sharp tongue, the attractive young lady made a name for herself as one of the most remarkable ladies around the empress. She was not only on good terms with Nikolaus I and his brother Michael Pavlovich , but also looked around outside the court in Petersburg; maintained contact with Pushkin and later with Lermontov through her friend Sofja Nikolajewna Karamsina's literary salon. She communicated with Zhukovsky and Gogol through one of her former teachers from the above-mentioned Katharinen Institute, the literary critic Pyotr Alexandrowitsch Pletnjow.

Vladimir Odojewski , Pjotr ​​Vjasemski and Alexander Ivanovich Koschelew gathered around the witty Alexandra in the salon . The publicist Koshelev fell in love with Alexandra. Nothing came of a marriage. Alexandra was also penniless and on February 11, 1832, a marriage of convenience with the wealthy Nikolai Mikhailovich Smirnov (1807-1870), later governor of Kaluga and then of Saint Petersburg. Alexandra could now and then allow herself stays abroad, which led her to Berlin , Karlsbad , Marienbad , Paris , Florence , Düsseldorf , Baden-Baden , Rome and Nice in the years 1833–1844 . Outside of Russia, she sought the proximity of interesting contemporaries. For example, she met the diplomat Nikolai Kisselev and the painter Alexander Ivanov . In the Paris salons she met the poet Adam Mickiewicz and the mystic Sofja Petrovna Swetschina.

Alexandra Smirnova died in Paris - as determined in her will - was buried in the old cemetery of Moscow's Donskoy Monastery .

children

  • Alexandra (1834–1837)
  • Olga (1834-1893)
  • Sofja (1836-1884)
  • Nadeschda (1840–1899)
  • Michail (1847-1892)

Memoirs (selection)

Alexandra in the works of poets

Pushkin

Pyotr Vyazemsky

Lermontov

  • To А. О. Smirnova

literature

  • Mikhail Lermontow: Poems and Poems. 319 pages. Vol. 1 in Roland Opitz (Ed.): Michail Lermontow. Selected works in two volumes. Rütten & Loening, Berlin 1987 (1st edition), ISBN 3-352-00095-6

Web links

Commons : Alexandra Smirnowa  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
  • SW Zhitomirskaya (ed.): Diary. Memories Verlag Wissenschaft , Moscow 1889, 809 pages at imhaben.de (PDF; Russian)
  • The factory at Lib.ru / Classic (Russian)
  • Entry at dic.academic.ru (Russian)
  • Entry at greatwomen.com.ua (Russian)

annotation

  1. ↑ Sofja Karamsina was a daughter of Karamsin .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Russian Осип Иванович Россет
  2. ↑ Russian Надежда Ивановна Россет (Лорер)
  3. ↑ Russian Арнольди, Иван Карлович
  4. ↑ Russian Екатерининский институт
  5. ↑ Russian Карамзина, Софья Николаевна
  6. ↑ Russian Плетнёв, Пётр Александрович
  7. ↑ Russian Кошелев, Александр Иванович
  8. ↑ Russian Смирнов, Николай Михайлович
  9. ↑ Russian Свечина, Софья Петровна
  10. ↑ Russian Смирнова, Ольга Николаевна
  11. ^ Lermontow, Vol. 1, p. 166, translator Ilse Tschörtner
  12. ↑ Lermontow vol. 1 content 5-page pdf
personal data
SURNAME Smirnowa, Alexandra Osipovna
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Смирнова, Александра Осиповна (Cyrillic); Rosset, Alexandra (maiden name); Smirnova, Aleksandra Osipovna
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian lady-in-waiting befriended Pushkin, Gogol and Lermontov
DATE OF BIRTH March 6, 1809
PLACE OF BIRTH Odessa
DATE OF DEATH June 7, 1882
Place of death Paris