Jane Drew

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Jane Drew with her husband Maxwell Fry in 1984

Jane Drew , actually Joyce Beverly Drew , (born March 24, 1911 in Thornton Heath ; † July 27, 1996 , Cotherstone ) was an English architect and urban planner. She was one of the leading modern architects in London. Just a few months before her death in 1995, she received the Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire .

Life

Drew was born in 1911 to Harry Guy Radcliffe Drew, grandson of Joseph Drew , who was a surgical instrument designer and founder of the British Institute of Surgical Technicians. Her mother, Emma Spering Jones, a school teacher, was seriously injured in a car accident when Jane was four years old. Although she was now paralyzed, she took care of her two children and tried to pass on her interest in nature and art to them. Jane's older sister Dorothy Stella Radcliffe Drew (1909-1989) was a physicist and student of FM Alexander .

Drew attended Woodford School in East Croydon and Croydon High School , where she was the student representative. She studied at the Architectural Association School of Architecture from 1929 to 1934 . In 1933 she married the architect James Thomas Alliston, whom she had met while studying. The two won a competition for a Devon hospital. As a result, she joined her husband's architectural office. The couple had twin daughters, but the marriage ended in divorce in 1939. She worked briefly for Joseph Emberton and Charles Holden , then went into business for herself and moved into an office at 12 King Street, St. James, London. At first she deliberately only employed women architects.

Jane Drew soon came into contact with the Modern Movement through the Congrès International d'Architecture Moderne (CIAM), which was represented in Great Britain by MARS (Modern Architectural ReSearch). MARS was a group of architects, painters and industrialists. Through the group she came into contact with Le Corbusier , Elisabeth Lutyens and Maxwell Fry . Jane Drew married Fry in 1942. In 1944/45 Drew worked as Assistant Planning Adviser for the Minister for the West African Colonies.

After the Second World War , she founded an architectural office with Fry in London, which she later continued with other partners. A second office was opened in 1962. From 1946 to 1962 Drew was editor of the Architects' Year Book .

After seeing Indian Prime Minister Pandit Nehru Drew's projects in West Africa, he asked her and Maxwell Fry to plan and build the new Punjab capital, Chandigarh . Drew and Fry were able to win Le Corbusier, who was responsible for the basic planning of the city and the most important government buildings, for participation. Drew, Fry and Le Corbusier's cousin Pierre Jeanneret spent a total of three years in Chandigarh. Due to the extreme temperature conditions, Le Corbusier came to India for two months every year in the colder season. Nehru wanted to build a model city with Chandigarh for the refugees from Pakistan. He didn't want a traditional language of forms, but rather experimented with new forms. In this way, Drew, Fry and Le Corbusier were able to integrate schools, clinics, outdoor pools and open-air theaters into the residential landscapes. All houses had sanitary facilities and a water supply. The affordable houses were mainly designed as terrace houses. Before the homes were built, Drew built model homes to live in and then improve upon suggestions from residents. The rents for the apartments should generally not exceed one tenth of the monthly income. The keeping of animals was not allowed due to the risk of infection. The new home design had a lasting influence on India's architecture.

Jean Sabbagh and Jane Drew (1984)

Maxwell Fry retired in 1973 and Drew continued to work until 1979. The couple lived at the time in "The Lake House" in Rowfant near Crawley in Sussex. In 1982 they decided to sell the house and moved to Cotherstone . Fry died in 1987, Drew died in 1996 of complications from cancer. She was buried in Romaldkirk .

Awards and honors

engagement

Works

Kenneth Dike University Library, University of Ibadan

Publications

  • with Maxwell Fry: Architecture for Children, George Allen and Unwin, London 1944 (re-published as Architecture and the Environment in 1976 )
  • Architects' Year Book . Paul Elek, London 1945, ISBN 978-0-236-15431-9
  • Architects' Year Book 2 . Paul Elek, London 1947
  • with E. Maxwell Fry: Village Housing in the Tropics: with special reference to West Africa . Lund Humphries, London 1947
  • with Trevor Dannatt: Architects' Year Book 3 . Paul Elek, London 1949
  • with Trevor Dannatt: Architects' Year Book 4 . Paul Elek, London 1952
  • with Maxwell Fry: Chandigarh and Planning Development in India . In: Journal of the Royal Society of Arts , Vol. CIII, No. 4948, April 1, 1955, pp. 315-333
  • with Maxwell Fry: Tropical Architecture in the Humid Zone . Batsford, London 1956
  • with Maxwell Fry: Tropical Architecture in the Dry and Humid Zones . Reinhold, New York 1964
  • The Work of Rodney Thomas - architect . London 1967
  • with Maxwell Fry: Architecture and the Environment, George Allen and Unwin, London 1976, ISBN 978-0-04-720020-5
  • with Ann Tyng, Gae Aulenti, Denise Scott Brown, Monica Pidgeon, Anna Bofil, Indira Rai, Bola Sobande, Ellen Perry Berkeley, Eulie Chowdhuri et al .: The crisis of Identity in Architecture - Report of the proceedings of the International Congress of Women Architects . Ramsar, Iran 1976

literature

  • Sile Flower, Jean Macfarlane, Ruth Plant: Jane B. Drew, architect: A tribute from her colleagues and friends for her 75th birthday 24 March 1986 . Bristol Center for the Advancement of Architecture, Bristol 1986 ISBN 0-9510759-0-X
  • Iain Jackson, Jessica Holland: The architecture of Edwin Maxwell Fry and Jane Drew . Ashgate Publishing Limited, Farnham 2014, ISBN 978-1-4094-5198-3
  • Joshi Kiran: Documenting Chandigarh: The Indian Architecture of Pierre Jeanneret, Edwin Maxwell Fry and Jane Beverly Drew . Mapin Publishing in association with Chandigarh College of Architecture, Ahmedabad 1999, ISBN 1-890206-13-X

Web links

Commons : Jane Drew  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jane Drew (1911–1996)  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Royal Institute of British Architects@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.architecture.com  
  2. ^ Marriage registers Great Britain: 1933 Dec, Croydon 02a 865
  3. ^ Maxwell Fry: Autobiographical Sketches . Elek, London 1975, p. 165
  4. ↑ Jane Drew: The Riverside Restaurant . In: Mary Banham, Bevis Hillier (Eds.): A Tonic to the Nation: The Festival of Britain 1951 . Thames & Hudson, London 1976, p. 103
  5. ↑ Country Life , April 14, 1960
personal data
SURNAME Drew, Jane
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Drew, Joyce Beverly (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION English architect and urban planner
DATE OF BIRTH March 24, 1911
PLACE OF BIRTH Thornton Heath
DATE OF DEATH July 27, 1996
Place of death Cotherstone