Jane Drew
Jane Drew , actually Joyce Beverly Drew , (born March 24, 1911 in Thornton Heath ; † July 27, 1996 , Cotherstone ) was an English architect and urban planner. She was one of the leading modern architects in London. Just a few months before her death in 1995, she received the Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire .
Life
Drew was born in 1911 to Harry Guy Radcliffe Drew, grandson of Joseph Drew , who was a surgical instrument designer and founder of the British Institute of Surgical Technicians. Her mother, Emma Spering Jones, a school teacher, was seriously injured in a car accident when Jane was four years old. Although she was now paralyzed, she took care of her two children and tried to pass on her interest in nature and art to them. Jane's older sister Dorothy Stella Radcliffe Drew (1909-1989) was a physicist and student of FM Alexander .
Drew attended Woodford School in East Croydon and Croydon High School , where she was the student representative. She studied at the Architectural Association School of Architecture from 1929 to 1934 . In 1933 she married the architect James Thomas Alliston, whom she had met while studying. The two won a competition for a Devon hospital. As a result, she joined her husband's architectural office. The couple had twin daughters, but the marriage ended in divorce in 1939. She worked briefly for Joseph Emberton and Charles Holden , then went into business for herself and moved into an office at 12 King Street, St. James, London. At first she deliberately only employed women architects.
Jane Drew soon came into contact with the Modern Movement through the Congrès International d'Architecture Moderne (CIAM), which was represented in Great Britain by MARS (Modern Architectural ReSearch). MARS was a group of architects, painters and industrialists. Through the group she came into contact with Le Corbusier , Elisabeth Lutyens and Maxwell Fry . Jane Drew married Fry in 1942. In 1944/45 Drew worked as Assistant Planning Adviser for the Minister for the West African Colonies.
After the Second World War , she founded an architectural office with Fry in London, which she later continued with other partners. A second office was opened in 1962. From 1946 to 1962 Drew was editor of the Architects' Year Book .
After seeing Indian Prime Minister Pandit Nehru Drew's projects in West Africa, he asked her and Maxwell Fry to plan and build the new Punjab capital, Chandigarh . Drew and Fry were able to win Le Corbusier, who was responsible for the basic planning of the city and the most important government buildings, for participation. Drew, Fry and Le Corbusier's cousin Pierre Jeanneret spent a total of three years in Chandigarh. Due to the extreme temperature conditions, Le Corbusier came to India for two months every year in the colder season. Nehru wanted to build a model city with Chandigarh for the refugees from Pakistan. He didn't want a traditional language of forms, but rather experimented with new forms. In this way, Drew, Fry and Le Corbusier were able to integrate schools, clinics, outdoor pools and open-air theaters into the residential landscapes. All houses had sanitary facilities and a water supply. The affordable houses were mainly designed as terrace houses. Before the homes were built, Drew built model homes to live in and then improve upon suggestions from residents. The rents for the apartments should generally not exceed one tenth of the monthly income. The keeping of animals was not allowed due to the risk of infection. The new home design had a lasting influence on India's architecture.
Maxwell Fry retired in 1973 and Drew continued to work until 1979. The couple lived at the time in "The Lake House" in Rowfant near Crawley in Sussex. In 1982 they decided to sell the house and moved to Cotherstone . Fry died in 1987, Drew died in 1996 of complications from cancer. She was buried in Romaldkirk .
Awards and honors
- 1961: Beamis Professor, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- 1966: Honorary Doctor of Laws , University of Ibadan , Nigeria
- 1973: Honorary Doctorate, Open University , Milton Keynes , England
- 1976: Bicentennial Professor, University of Utah , USA
- 1978: Honorary Fellow of the American Institute of Architects
- 1985: Honorary Fellow of the Nigerian Institute of Architects , Lagos , Nigeria
- 1987: Honorary DLitt, Newcastle University , England
- 1994: Honorary DArch, University of the Witwatersrand , Johannesburg
- 1996: Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire
- Honorary Fellow, University of Hull
- Honorary Fellow, Institute of Contemporary Arts
- The Architects' Journal has awarded the Jane Drew Prize to exceptional women architects every year since 1998 .
engagement
- 1964–1970, 1971–1974: Member of the Royal Institute of British Architects
- 1969/70: President of the Architectural Association
- Member of the Advisory Board, Victoria and Albert Museum
- Member of the City of London Advisory Committee for Conservation Areas
- Member of the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators
Works
- 1940: Walton Yacht Works at Walton on Thames , near London
- 1941: Kitchen Planning Exhibition, Dorland Hall, Lower Regent Street, London
- 1943: Rebuilding Britain exhibition , National Gallery , London
- 1946: Britain Can Make It exhibition , Victoria and Albert Museum
- 1948: Teacher's Training College in Mampong and Prempeh College in Kumasi , Ghana (with Maxwell Fry)
- 1949: Clinic building for the Kuwait Oil Company
- 1949: several houses, Harlow (with Maxwell Fry)
- 1950: Adisadel College and Wesley Girls' High School , Cape Coast , Ghana (with Maxwell Fry)
- 1950: Passfields flats in Lewisham , London (with Maxwell Fry)
- 1950: Interior design for the ICA ( Institute of Contemporary Arts ) at 17/18 Dover Street, London (with Maxwell Fry, in collaboration with Eduardo Paolozzi , Nigel Henderson, Neil Morris and Terence Conran ).
- 1951: New Schools building, Waterloo Entrance Tower, Riverside Restaurant for the Festival of Britain (with Maxwell Fry)
- 1951-1953: Chandigarh
- 1953–1959 apartments and commercial buildings in Ibadan , Nigeria
- 1953 apartments on Whitefoot Lane, Downham Estate , Lewisham , London (with Maxwell Fry)
- 1955 apartment in Masjed Soleyman , Iran
- 1959: Cooperative Bank, Lagos , Nigeria
- 1959: Cooperative Bank, Ibadan , Nigeria
- 1959: Gulf House, Gulf Oil , London
- 1960: Lionel Wendt Art Memorial Center, Colombo , Sri Lanka
- 1960: Broadbent House, Hendon , London
- 1964: Training Center, Apowa, Ghana
- 1964: Apartments in Hatfield and Welwyn
- 1964: Shell headquarters in Singapore
- 1964–1966: Conversion of 12 Carlton House Terrace for the ICA , London
- 1965: Ahmadu Bello Stadium , Kaduna , Nigeria
- 1965: Womens' Teacher Training College, Kano , Nigeria
- 1965: Hotel in Colombo , Sri Lanka
- 1967: Margaret Pyke Memorial Center, London
- 1968: Torbay Hospital and Nursing Home , Torquay , Devon
- 1968: School, Herne Hill , London
- 1969–1977: Open University building , Milton Keynes , Buckinghamshire
- 1970: Carlton House Terrace , London
- 1973: Gestetner Building, Stirling , Scotland
- 1977: Mauritius Institute of Education (with Maxwell Fry)
- 1979: St. Paul's Girls' School , London Science Block
Publications
- with Maxwell Fry: Architecture for Children, George Allen and Unwin, London 1944 (re-published as Architecture and the Environment in 1976 )
- Architects' Year Book . Paul Elek, London 1945, ISBN 978-0-236-15431-9
- Architects' Year Book 2 . Paul Elek, London 1947
- with E. Maxwell Fry: Village Housing in the Tropics: with special reference to West Africa . Lund Humphries, London 1947
- with Trevor Dannatt: Architects' Year Book 3 . Paul Elek, London 1949
- with Trevor Dannatt: Architects' Year Book 4 . Paul Elek, London 1952
- with Maxwell Fry: Chandigarh and Planning Development in India . In: Journal of the Royal Society of Arts , Vol. CIII, No. 4948, April 1, 1955, pp. 315-333
- with Maxwell Fry: Tropical Architecture in the Humid Zone . Batsford, London 1956
- with Maxwell Fry: Tropical Architecture in the Dry and Humid Zones . Reinhold, New York 1964
- The Work of Rodney Thomas - architect . London 1967
- with Maxwell Fry: Architecture and the Environment, George Allen and Unwin, London 1976, ISBN 978-0-04-720020-5
- with Ann Tyng, Gae Aulenti, Denise Scott Brown, Monica Pidgeon, Anna Bofil, Indira Rai, Bola Sobande, Ellen Perry Berkeley, Eulie Chowdhuri et al .: The crisis of Identity in Architecture - Report of the proceedings of the International Congress of Women Architects . Ramsar, Iran 1976
literature
- Sile Flower, Jean Macfarlane, Ruth Plant: Jane B. Drew, architect: A tribute from her colleagues and friends for her 75th birthday 24 March 1986 . Bristol Center for the Advancement of Architecture, Bristol 1986 ISBN 0-9510759-0-X
- Iain Jackson, Jessica Holland: The architecture of Edwin Maxwell Fry and Jane Drew . Ashgate Publishing Limited, Farnham 2014, ISBN 978-1-4094-5198-3
- Joshi Kiran: Documenting Chandigarh: The Indian Architecture of Pierre Jeanneret, Edwin Maxwell Fry and Jane Beverly Drew . Mapin Publishing in association with Chandigarh College of Architecture, Ahmedabad 1999, ISBN 1-890206-13-X
Web links
- 4 photos of Jane Drew in the National Portrait Gallery
- Jane Drew (1911–1996) , Architectural Review, July 4, 2014 (English)
- Obituary: Dame Jane Drew , The Independent, July 31, 1996 (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Jane Drew (1911–1996) ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Royal Institute of British Architects
- ^ Marriage registers Great Britain: 1933 Dec, Croydon 02a 865
- ^ Maxwell Fry: Autobiographical Sketches . Elek, London 1975, p. 165
- ↑ Jane Drew: The Riverside Restaurant . In: Mary Banham, Bevis Hillier (Eds.): A Tonic to the Nation: The Festival of Britain 1951 . Thames & Hudson, London 1976, p. 103
- ↑ Country Life , April 14, 1960
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Drew, Jane |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Drew, Joyce Beverly (full name) |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | English architect and urban planner |
DATE OF BIRTH | March 24, 1911 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Thornton Heath |
DATE OF DEATH | July 27, 1996 |
Place of death | Cotherstone |